"Eric B. Ridge" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Does anyone here have any kind of explanation other than bad hardware?

Well, there are several data-corruption bugs fixed between 7.4.8 and
7.4.12, though whether any of them explains your symptoms is difficult
to say:

2005-11-02 19:23  tgl

        * src/backend/access/transam/slru.c (REL7_4_STABLE): Fix
        longstanding race condition in transaction log management: there
        was a very narrow window in which SimpleLruReadPage or
        SimpleLruWritePage could think that I/O was needed when it wasn't
        (and indeed the buffer had already been assigned to another page). 
        This would result in an Assert failure if Asserts were enabled, and
        probably in silent data corruption if not.  Reported independently
        by Jim Nasby and Robert Creager.
        
        I intend a more extensive fix when 8.2 development starts, but this
        is a reasonably low-impact patch for the existing branches.

2005-08-25 18:07  tgl

        * src/: backend/access/heap/heapam.c, backend/commands/async.c,
        backend/commands/trigger.c, backend/commands/vacuum.c,
        backend/executor/execMain.c, backend/utils/time/tqual.c,
        include/access/heapam.h, include/executor/executor.h
        (REL7_4_STABLE): Back-patch fixes for problems with VACUUM
        destroying t_ctid chains too soon, and with insufficient paranoia
        in code that follows t_ctid links.  This patch covers the 7.4
        branch.


2005-05-07 17:33  tgl

        * src/backend/: access/heap/hio.c, access/nbtree/nbtpage.c,
        access/nbtree/nbtree.c, commands/vacuumlazy.c (REL7_4_STABLE):
        Repair very-low-probability race condition between relation
        extension and VACUUM: in the interval between adding a new page to
        the relation and formatting it, it was possible for VACUUM to come
        along and decide it should format the page too.  Though not harmful
        in itself, this would cause data loss if a third transaction were
        able to insert tuples into the vacuumed page before the original
        extender got control back.

2005-05-07 17:23  tgl

        * src/backend/utils/time/tqual.c (REL7_4_STABLE): Adjust time qual
        checking code so that we always check TransactionIdIsInProgress
        before we check commit/abort status.  Formerly this was done in
        some paths but not all, with the result that a transaction might be
        considered committed for some purposes before it became committed
        for others.  Per example found by Jan Wieck.


The relation-extension race condition could explain recently-added
tuples simply disappearing, though if it happened in more than one table
you'd have to assume that the race condition window got hit more than
once.  The slru race condition is even narrower, but if it hit then it
could cause tuples inserted by the same transaction into different
tables to become lost.  Either of these seem to match your symptoms?

                        regards, tom lane

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