On Fri, 2024-07-26 at 19:38 +0200, Andreas Karlsson wrote:
> Nice refactoring!
> 
> Two small comments about CheckMyDatabase().
> 
> - Shouldn't we look at the default_locale.ctype_is_c when setting 
> database_ctype_is_c instead of doing a strcmp()? or maybe we should
> even 
> remove the global variable and always look at the default_locale?

database_ctype_is_c refers to the LC_CTYPE environment of the database
-- pg_database.datctype. default_locale.ctype_is_c is the ctype of the
database's default collation.

Confusing, I know, but it matters for a few things that still depend on
the LC_CTYPE, such as tsearch and maybe a few extensions. See
f413941f41.

> - I think that the lookup of Anum_pg_database_datlocale could be done
> later in the code since it is not needed when we use a libc locale.
> E.g. 
> as below.

Done, thank you.

> Also is there any reaosn you do not squash th 4th and the 6th patch?

Done. I had to rearrange the patch ordering a bit because prior to the
cache refactoring patch, it's unsafe to call
pg_newlocale_from_collation() without checking lc_collate_is_c() or
lc_ctype_is_c() first.

Regards,
        Jeff Davis

From 8a98af04912afedcb481d0e3851a485a63baf3d9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeff Davis <j...@j-davis.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2024 11:45:55 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v4 1/5] Make database default collation internal to
 pg_locale.c.

---
 src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c | 69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c | 44 ++++----------------
 src/include/utils/pg_locale.h     |  3 +-
 3 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
index 38c40a40489..1653e997d9b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 
 #include "access/htup_details.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_collation.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
 #include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
@@ -116,6 +117,8 @@ char	   *localized_full_months[12 + 1];
 /* is the databases's LC_CTYPE the C locale? */
 bool		database_ctype_is_c = false;
 
+static struct pg_locale_struct default_locale;
+
 /* indicates whether locale information cache is valid */
 static bool CurrentLocaleConvValid = false;
 static bool CurrentLCTimeValid = false;
@@ -1443,8 +1446,6 @@ lc_ctype_is_c(Oid collation)
 	return (lookup_collation_cache(collation, true))->ctype_is_c;
 }
 
-struct pg_locale_struct default_locale;
-
 void
 make_icu_collator(const char *iculocstr,
 				  const char *icurules,
@@ -1539,7 +1540,69 @@ pg_locale_deterministic(pg_locale_t locale)
 }
 
 /*
- * Create a locale_t from a collation OID.  Results are cached for the
+ * Initialize default_locale with database locale settings.
+ */
+void
+init_database_collation(void)
+{
+	HeapTuple	tup;
+	Form_pg_database dbform;
+	Datum		datum;
+	bool		isnull;
+
+	/* Fetch our pg_database row normally, via syscache */
+	tup = SearchSysCache1(DATABASEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(MyDatabaseId));
+	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tup))
+		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for database %u", MyDatabaseId);
+	dbform = (Form_pg_database) GETSTRUCT(tup);
+
+	if (dbform->datlocprovider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
+	{
+		char	   *datlocale;
+
+		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datlocale);
+		datlocale = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
+
+		builtin_validate_locale(dbform->encoding, datlocale);
+
+		default_locale.info.builtin.locale = MemoryContextStrdup(
+																 TopMemoryContext, datlocale);
+	}
+	else if (dbform->datlocprovider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+	{
+		char	   *datlocale;
+		char	   *icurules;
+
+		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datlocale);
+		datlocale = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
+
+		datum = SysCacheGetAttr(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_daticurules, &isnull);
+		if (!isnull)
+			icurules = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
+		else
+			icurules = NULL;
+
+		make_icu_collator(datlocale, icurules, &default_locale);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(dbform->datlocprovider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	}
+
+	default_locale.provider = dbform->datlocprovider;
+
+	/*
+	 * Default locale is currently always deterministic.  Nondeterministic
+	 * locales currently don't support pattern matching, which would break a
+	 * lot of things if applied globally.
+	 */
+	default_locale.deterministic = true;
+
+	ReleaseSysCache(tup);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a pg_locale_t from a collation OID.  Results are cached for the
  * lifetime of the backend.  Thus, do not free the result with freelocale().
  *
  * As a special optimization, the default/database collation returns 0.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
index 25867c8bd5b..3537df37056 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c
@@ -318,7 +318,6 @@ CheckMyDatabase(const char *name, bool am_superuser, bool override_allow_connect
 	bool		isnull;
 	char	   *collate;
 	char	   *ctype;
-	char	   *datlocale;
 
 	/* Fetch our pg_database row normally, via syscache */
 	tup = SearchSysCache1(DATABASEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(MyDatabaseId));
@@ -423,42 +422,7 @@ CheckMyDatabase(const char *name, bool am_superuser, bool override_allow_connect
 		strcmp(ctype, "POSIX") == 0)
 		database_ctype_is_c = true;
 
-	if (dbform->datlocprovider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
-	{
-		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datlocale);
-		datlocale = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
-
-		builtin_validate_locale(dbform->encoding, datlocale);
-
-		default_locale.info.builtin.locale = MemoryContextStrdup(
-																 TopMemoryContext, datlocale);
-	}
-	else if (dbform->datlocprovider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
-	{
-		char	   *icurules;
-
-		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datlocale);
-		datlocale = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
-
-		datum = SysCacheGetAttr(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_daticurules, &isnull);
-		if (!isnull)
-			icurules = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
-		else
-			icurules = NULL;
-
-		make_icu_collator(datlocale, icurules, &default_locale);
-	}
-	else
-		datlocale = NULL;
-
-	default_locale.provider = dbform->datlocprovider;
-
-	/*
-	 * Default locale is currently always deterministic.  Nondeterministic
-	 * locales currently don't support pattern matching, which would break a
-	 * lot of things if applied globally.
-	 */
-	default_locale.deterministic = true;
+	init_database_collation();
 
 	/*
 	 * Check collation version.  See similar code in
@@ -478,7 +442,13 @@ CheckMyDatabase(const char *name, bool am_superuser, bool override_allow_connect
 		if (dbform->datlocprovider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 			locale = collate;
 		else
+		{
+			char	   *datlocale;
+
+			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datlocale);
+			datlocale = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 			locale = datlocale;
+		}
 
 		actual_versionstr = get_collation_actual_version(dbform->datlocprovider, locale);
 		if (!actual_versionstr)
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h b/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h
index 040968d6ff2..3e14a261b16 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h
@@ -93,13 +93,12 @@ struct pg_locale_struct
 
 typedef struct pg_locale_struct *pg_locale_t;
 
-extern PGDLLIMPORT struct pg_locale_struct default_locale;
-
 extern void make_icu_collator(const char *iculocstr,
 							  const char *icurules,
 							  struct pg_locale_struct *resultp);
 
 extern bool pg_locale_deterministic(pg_locale_t locale);
+extern void init_database_collation(void);
 extern pg_locale_t pg_newlocale_from_collation(Oid collid);
 
 extern char *get_collation_actual_version(char collprovider, const char *collcollate);
-- 
2.34.1

From b26ffe549028e204e564582fc486759bcdc5ab5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeff Davis <j...@j-davis.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2024 15:02:26 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v4 2/5] Make database collation pg_locale_t always non-NULL.

Previously, the database collation's pg_locale_t was NULL for the libc
provider.

This commit properly initializes a pg_locale_t object in all cases.
---
 src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c | 191 +++++++++++++++++-------------
 1 file changed, 110 insertions(+), 81 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
index 1653e997d9b..598b42b1767 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
@@ -1446,6 +1446,103 @@ lc_ctype_is_c(Oid collation)
 	return (lookup_collation_cache(collation, true))->ctype_is_c;
 }
 
+/* simple subroutine for reporting errors from newlocale() */
+static void
+report_newlocale_failure(const char *localename)
+{
+	int			save_errno;
+
+	/*
+	 * Windows doesn't provide any useful error indication from
+	 * _create_locale(), and BSD-derived platforms don't seem to feel they
+	 * need to set errno either (even though POSIX is pretty clear that
+	 * newlocale should do so).  So, if errno hasn't been set, assume ENOENT
+	 * is what to report.
+	 */
+	if (errno == 0)
+		errno = ENOENT;
+
+	/*
+	 * ENOENT means "no such locale", not "no such file", so clarify that
+	 * errno with an errdetail message.
+	 */
+	save_errno = errno;			/* auxiliary funcs might change errno */
+	ereport(ERROR,
+			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+			 errmsg("could not create locale \"%s\": %m",
+					localename),
+			 (save_errno == ENOENT ?
+			  errdetail("The operating system could not find any locale data for the locale name \"%s\".",
+						localename) : 0)));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize the locale_t field.
+ *
+ * The "C" and "POSIX" locales are not actually handled by libc, so set the
+ * locale_t to zero in that case.
+ */
+static void
+make_libc_collator(const char *collate, const char *ctype,
+				   pg_locale_t result)
+{
+	locale_t	loc = 0;
+
+	if (strcmp(collate, ctype) == 0)
+	{
+		if (strcmp(ctype, "C") != 0 && strcmp(ctype, "POSIX") != 0)
+		{
+			/* Normal case where they're the same */
+			errno = 0;
+#ifndef WIN32
+			loc = newlocale(LC_COLLATE_MASK | LC_CTYPE_MASK, collate,
+							NULL);
+#else
+			loc = _create_locale(LC_ALL, collate);
+#endif
+			if (!loc)
+				report_newlocale_failure(collate);
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+#ifndef WIN32
+		/* We need two newlocale() steps */
+		locale_t	loc1 = 0;
+
+		if (strcmp(collate, "C") != 0 && strcmp(collate, "POSIX") != 0)
+		{
+			errno = 0;
+			loc1 = newlocale(LC_COLLATE_MASK, collate, NULL);
+			if (!loc1)
+				report_newlocale_failure(collate);
+		}
+
+		if (strcmp(ctype, "C") != 0 && strcmp(ctype, "POSIX") != 0)
+		{
+			errno = 0;
+			loc = newlocale(LC_CTYPE_MASK, ctype, loc1);
+			if (!loc)
+				report_newlocale_failure(ctype);
+		}
+		else
+			loc = loc1;
+#else
+
+		/*
+		 * XXX The _create_locale() API doesn't appear to support this. Could
+		 * perhaps be worked around by changing pg_locale_t to contain two
+		 * separate fields.
+		 */
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				 errmsg("collations with different collate and ctype values are not supported on this platform")));
+#endif
+	}
+
+	result->info.lt = loc;
+}
+
 void
 make_icu_collator(const char *iculocstr,
 				  const char *icurules,
@@ -1499,36 +1596,6 @@ make_icu_collator(const char *iculocstr,
 }
 
 
-/* simple subroutine for reporting errors from newlocale() */
-static void
-report_newlocale_failure(const char *localename)
-{
-	int			save_errno;
-
-	/*
-	 * Windows doesn't provide any useful error indication from
-	 * _create_locale(), and BSD-derived platforms don't seem to feel they
-	 * need to set errno either (even though POSIX is pretty clear that
-	 * newlocale should do so).  So, if errno hasn't been set, assume ENOENT
-	 * is what to report.
-	 */
-	if (errno == 0)
-		errno = ENOENT;
-
-	/*
-	 * ENOENT means "no such locale", not "no such file", so clarify that
-	 * errno with an errdetail message.
-	 */
-	save_errno = errno;			/* auxiliary funcs might change errno */
-	ereport(ERROR,
-			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-			 errmsg("could not create locale \"%s\": %m",
-					localename),
-			 (save_errno == ENOENT ?
-			  errdetail("The operating system could not find any locale data for the locale name \"%s\".",
-						localename) : 0)));
-}
-
 bool
 pg_locale_deterministic(pg_locale_t locale)
 {
@@ -1586,7 +1653,17 @@ init_database_collation(void)
 	}
 	else
 	{
+		const char *datcollate;
+		const char *datctype;
+
 		Assert(dbform->datlocprovider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+
+		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datcollate);
+		datcollate = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
+		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datctype);
+		datctype = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
+
+		make_libc_collator(datcollate, datctype, &default_locale);
 	}
 
 	default_locale.provider = dbform->datlocprovider;
@@ -1605,8 +1682,6 @@ init_database_collation(void)
  * Create a pg_locale_t from a collation OID.  Results are cached for the
  * lifetime of the backend.  Thus, do not free the result with freelocale().
  *
- * As a special optimization, the default/database collation returns 0.
- *
  * For simplicity, we always generate COLLATE + CTYPE even though we
  * might only need one of them.  Since this is called only once per session,
  * it shouldn't cost much.
@@ -1620,12 +1695,7 @@ pg_newlocale_from_collation(Oid collid)
 	Assert(OidIsValid(collid));
 
 	if (collid == DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID)
-	{
-		if (default_locale.provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
-			return (pg_locale_t) 0;
-		else
-			return &default_locale;
-	}
+		return &default_locale;
 
 	cache_entry = lookup_collation_cache(collid, false);
 
@@ -1664,55 +1734,14 @@ pg_newlocale_from_collation(Oid collid)
 		else if (collform->collprovider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 		{
 			const char *collcollate;
-			const char *collctype pg_attribute_unused();
-			locale_t	loc;
+			const char *collctype;
 
 			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_collcollate);
 			collcollate = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_collctype);
 			collctype = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
-			if (strcmp(collcollate, collctype) == 0)
-			{
-				/* Normal case where they're the same */
-				errno = 0;
-#ifndef WIN32
-				loc = newlocale(LC_COLLATE_MASK | LC_CTYPE_MASK, collcollate,
-								NULL);
-#else
-				loc = _create_locale(LC_ALL, collcollate);
-#endif
-				if (!loc)
-					report_newlocale_failure(collcollate);
-			}
-			else
-			{
-#ifndef WIN32
-				/* We need two newlocale() steps */
-				locale_t	loc1;
-
-				errno = 0;
-				loc1 = newlocale(LC_COLLATE_MASK, collcollate, NULL);
-				if (!loc1)
-					report_newlocale_failure(collcollate);
-				errno = 0;
-				loc = newlocale(LC_CTYPE_MASK, collctype, loc1);
-				if (!loc)
-					report_newlocale_failure(collctype);
-#else
-
-				/*
-				 * XXX The _create_locale() API doesn't appear to support
-				 * this. Could perhaps be worked around by changing
-				 * pg_locale_t to contain two separate fields.
-				 */
-				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-						 errmsg("collations with different collate and ctype values are not supported on this platform")));
-#endif
-			}
-
-			result.info.lt = loc;
+			make_libc_collator(collcollate, collctype, &result);
 		}
 		else if (collform->collprovider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 		{
-- 
2.34.1

From 6c083830ae4c5be22801b5670866689e84eb0510 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeff Davis <j...@j-davis.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Jun 2024 15:13:59 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v4 3/5] Refactor collation cache.

Now that the result of pg_newlocale_from_collation() is always
non-NULL, move the collate_is_c and ctype_is_c flags into pg_locale_t,
and always use that.

This commit eliminates the multi-stage initialization of the cache and
the extra code in lc_collate_is_c() and lc_ctype_is_c(). It also makes
it safe to call pg_newlocale_from_collation() before checking
lc_collate_is_c() or lc_ctype_is_c().
---
 src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c | 180 +++++-------------------------
 src/include/utils/pg_locale.h     |  14 +++
 2 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 154 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
index 598b42b1767..42d8bc5deda 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
@@ -128,9 +128,6 @@ static bool CurrentLCTimeValid = false;
 typedef struct
 {
 	Oid			collid;			/* hash key: pg_collation OID */
-	bool		collate_is_c;	/* is collation's LC_COLLATE C? */
-	bool		ctype_is_c;		/* is collation's LC_CTYPE C? */
-	bool		flags_valid;	/* true if above flags are valid */
 	pg_locale_t locale;			/* locale_t struct, or 0 if not valid */
 } collation_cache_entry;
 
@@ -1208,29 +1205,13 @@ IsoLocaleName(const char *winlocname)
 /*
  * Cache mechanism for collation information.
  *
- * We cache two flags: whether the collation's LC_COLLATE or LC_CTYPE is C
- * (or POSIX), so we can optimize a few code paths in various places.
- * For the built-in C and POSIX collations, we can know that without even
- * doing a cache lookup, but we want to support aliases for C/POSIX too.
- * For the "default" collation, there are separate static cache variables,
- * since consulting the pg_collation catalog doesn't tell us what we need.
- *
- * Also, if a pg_locale_t has been requested for a collation, we cache that
- * for the life of a backend.
- *
- * Note that some code relies on the flags not reporting false negatives
- * (that is, saying it's not C when it is).  For example, char2wchar()
- * could fail if the locale is C, so str_tolower() shouldn't call it
- * in that case.
- *
  * Note that we currently lack any way to flush the cache.  Since we don't
  * support ALTER COLLATION, this is OK.  The worst case is that someone
  * drops a collation, and a useless cache entry hangs around in existing
  * backends.
  */
-
 static collation_cache_entry *
-lookup_collation_cache(Oid collation, bool set_flags)
+lookup_collation_cache(Oid collation)
 {
 	collation_cache_entry *cache_entry;
 	bool		found;
@@ -1256,59 +1237,9 @@ lookup_collation_cache(Oid collation, bool set_flags)
 		 * Make sure cache entry is marked invalid, in case we fail before
 		 * setting things.
 		 */
-		cache_entry->flags_valid = false;
 		cache_entry->locale = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (set_flags && !cache_entry->flags_valid)
-	{
-		/* Attempt to set the flags */
-		HeapTuple	tp;
-		Form_pg_collation collform;
-
-		tp = SearchSysCache1(COLLOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(collation));
-		if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
-			elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for collation %u", collation);
-		collform = (Form_pg_collation) GETSTRUCT(tp);
-
-		if (collform->collprovider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
-		{
-			Datum		datum;
-			const char *colllocale;
-
-			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_colllocale);
-			colllocale = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
-
-			cache_entry->collate_is_c = true;
-			cache_entry->ctype_is_c = (strcmp(colllocale, "C") == 0);
-		}
-		else if (collform->collprovider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
-		{
-			Datum		datum;
-			const char *collcollate;
-			const char *collctype;
-
-			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_collcollate);
-			collcollate = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
-			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_collctype);
-			collctype = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
-
-			cache_entry->collate_is_c = ((strcmp(collcollate, "C") == 0) ||
-										 (strcmp(collcollate, "POSIX") == 0));
-			cache_entry->ctype_is_c = ((strcmp(collctype, "C") == 0) ||
-									   (strcmp(collctype, "POSIX") == 0));
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			cache_entry->collate_is_c = false;
-			cache_entry->ctype_is_c = false;
-		}
-
-		cache_entry->flags_valid = true;
-
-		ReleaseSysCache(tp);
-	}
-
 	return cache_entry;
 }
 
@@ -1326,47 +1257,6 @@ lc_collate_is_c(Oid collation)
 	if (!OidIsValid(collation))
 		return false;
 
-	/*
-	 * If we're asked about the default collation, we have to inquire of the C
-	 * library.  Cache the result so we only have to compute it once.
-	 */
-	if (collation == DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID)
-	{
-		static int	result = -1;
-		const char *localeptr;
-
-		if (result >= 0)
-			return (bool) result;
-
-		if (default_locale.provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
-		{
-			result = true;
-			return (bool) result;
-		}
-		else if (default_locale.provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
-		{
-			result = false;
-			return (bool) result;
-		}
-		else if (default_locale.provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
-		{
-			localeptr = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
-			if (!localeptr)
-				elog(ERROR, "invalid LC_CTYPE setting");
-		}
-		else
-			elog(ERROR, "unexpected collation provider '%c'",
-				 default_locale.provider);
-
-		if (strcmp(localeptr, "C") == 0)
-			result = true;
-		else if (strcmp(localeptr, "POSIX") == 0)
-			result = true;
-		else
-			result = false;
-		return (bool) result;
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * If we're asked about the built-in C/POSIX collations, we know that.
 	 */
@@ -1377,7 +1267,7 @@ lc_collate_is_c(Oid collation)
 	/*
 	 * Otherwise, we have to consult pg_collation, but we cache that.
 	 */
-	return (lookup_collation_cache(collation, true))->collate_is_c;
+	return pg_newlocale_from_collation(collation)->collate_is_c;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1393,46 +1283,6 @@ lc_ctype_is_c(Oid collation)
 	if (!OidIsValid(collation))
 		return false;
 
-	/*
-	 * If we're asked about the default collation, we have to inquire of the C
-	 * library.  Cache the result so we only have to compute it once.
-	 */
-	if (collation == DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID)
-	{
-		static int	result = -1;
-		const char *localeptr;
-
-		if (result >= 0)
-			return (bool) result;
-
-		if (default_locale.provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
-		{
-			localeptr = default_locale.info.builtin.locale;
-		}
-		else if (default_locale.provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
-		{
-			result = false;
-			return (bool) result;
-		}
-		else if (default_locale.provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
-		{
-			localeptr = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
-			if (!localeptr)
-				elog(ERROR, "invalid LC_CTYPE setting");
-		}
-		else
-			elog(ERROR, "unexpected collation provider '%c'",
-				 default_locale.provider);
-
-		if (strcmp(localeptr, "C") == 0)
-			result = true;
-		else if (strcmp(localeptr, "POSIX") == 0)
-			result = true;
-		else
-			result = false;
-		return (bool) result;
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * If we're asked about the built-in C/POSIX collations, we know that.
 	 */
@@ -1443,7 +1293,7 @@ lc_ctype_is_c(Oid collation)
 	/*
 	 * Otherwise, we have to consult pg_collation, but we cache that.
 	 */
-	return (lookup_collation_cache(collation, true))->ctype_is_c;
+	return pg_newlocale_from_collation(collation)->ctype_is_c;
 }
 
 /* simple subroutine for reporting errors from newlocale() */
@@ -1632,6 +1482,9 @@ init_database_collation(void)
 
 		builtin_validate_locale(dbform->encoding, datlocale);
 
+		default_locale.collate_is_c = true;
+		default_locale.ctype_is_c = (strcmp(datlocale, "C") == 0);
+
 		default_locale.info.builtin.locale = MemoryContextStrdup(
 																 TopMemoryContext, datlocale);
 	}
@@ -1643,6 +1496,9 @@ init_database_collation(void)
 		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datlocale);
 		datlocale = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
+		default_locale.collate_is_c = false;
+		default_locale.ctype_is_c = false;
+
 		datum = SysCacheGetAttr(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_daticurules, &isnull);
 		if (!isnull)
 			icurules = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
@@ -1663,6 +1519,11 @@ init_database_collation(void)
 		datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(DATABASEOID, tup, Anum_pg_database_datctype);
 		datctype = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
+		default_locale.collate_is_c = (strcmp(datcollate, "C") == 0) ||
+			(strcmp(datcollate, "POSIX") == 0);
+		default_locale.ctype_is_c = (strcmp(datctype, "C") == 0) ||
+			(strcmp(datctype, "POSIX") == 0);
+
 		make_libc_collator(datcollate, datctype, &default_locale);
 	}
 
@@ -1697,7 +1558,7 @@ pg_newlocale_from_collation(Oid collid)
 	if (collid == DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID)
 		return &default_locale;
 
-	cache_entry = lookup_collation_cache(collid, false);
+	cache_entry = lookup_collation_cache(collid);
 
 	if (cache_entry->locale == 0)
 	{
@@ -1726,6 +1587,9 @@ pg_newlocale_from_collation(Oid collid)
 			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_colllocale);
 			locstr = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
+			result.collate_is_c = true;
+			result.collate_is_c = (strcmp(locstr, "C") == 0);
+
 			builtin_validate_locale(GetDatabaseEncoding(), locstr);
 
 			result.info.builtin.locale = MemoryContextStrdup(TopMemoryContext,
@@ -1741,6 +1605,11 @@ pg_newlocale_from_collation(Oid collid)
 			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_collctype);
 			collctype = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
+			result.collate_is_c = (strcmp(collcollate, "C") == 0) ||
+				(strcmp(collcollate, "POSIX") == 0);
+			result.ctype_is_c = (strcmp(collctype, "C") == 0) ||
+				(strcmp(collctype, "POSIX") == 0);
+
 			make_libc_collator(collcollate, collctype, &result);
 		}
 		else if (collform->collprovider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
@@ -1751,6 +1620,9 @@ pg_newlocale_from_collation(Oid collid)
 			datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_colllocale);
 			iculocstr = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
+			result.collate_is_c = false;
+			result.ctype_is_c = false;
+
 			datum = SysCacheGetAttr(COLLOID, tp, Anum_pg_collation_collicurules, &isnull);
 			if (!isnull)
 				icurules = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h b/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h
index 3e14a261b16..f41d33975be 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pg_locale.h
@@ -69,11 +69,25 @@ extern void cache_locale_time(void);
 /*
  * We use a discriminated union to hold either a locale_t or an ICU collator.
  * pg_locale_t is occasionally checked for truth, so make it a pointer.
+ *
+ * Also, hold two flags: whether the collation's LC_COLLATE or LC_CTYPE is C
+ * (or POSIX), so we can optimize a few code paths in various places.  For the
+ * built-in C and POSIX collations, we can know that without even doing a
+ * cache lookup, but we want to support aliases for C/POSIX too.  For the
+ * "default" collation, there are separate static cache variables, since
+ * consulting the pg_collation catalog doesn't tell us what we need.
+ *
+ * Note that some code relies on the flags not reporting false negatives
+ * (that is, saying it's not C when it is).  For example, char2wchar()
+ * could fail if the locale is C, so str_tolower() shouldn't call it
+ * in that case.
  */
 struct pg_locale_struct
 {
 	char		provider;
 	bool		deterministic;
+	bool		collate_is_c;
+	bool		ctype_is_c;
 	union
 	{
 		struct
-- 
2.34.1

From 9327537087a1c5327cd524ffa2ad4d934b53f6d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeff Davis <j...@j-davis.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2024 14:48:07 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v4 4/5] ts_locale.c: do not use NULL to mean the database
 collation.

Use pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID) to explicitly
get the database collation.
---
 src/backend/tsearch/ts_locale.c   | 25 +++++++++++++++++++------
 src/backend/tsearch/wparser_def.c |  4 +++-
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/tsearch/ts_locale.c b/src/backend/tsearch/ts_locale.c
index bc44599de6a..2d5e3905b41 100644
--- a/src/backend/tsearch/ts_locale.c
+++ b/src/backend/tsearch/ts_locale.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "catalog/pg_collation.h"
 #include "common/string.h"
 #include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "tsearch/ts_locale.h"
@@ -36,7 +37,9 @@ t_isdigit(const char *ptr)
 {
 	int			clen = pg_mblen(ptr);
 	wchar_t		character[WC_BUF_LEN];
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;	/* TODO */
+
+	/* TODO: determine collation properly */
+	pg_locale_t mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID);
 
 	if (clen == 1 || database_ctype_is_c)
 		return isdigit(TOUCHAR(ptr));
@@ -51,7 +54,9 @@ t_isspace(const char *ptr)
 {
 	int			clen = pg_mblen(ptr);
 	wchar_t		character[WC_BUF_LEN];
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;	/* TODO */
+
+	/* TODO: determine collation properly */
+	pg_locale_t mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID);
 
 	if (clen == 1 || database_ctype_is_c)
 		return isspace(TOUCHAR(ptr));
@@ -66,7 +71,9 @@ t_isalpha(const char *ptr)
 {
 	int			clen = pg_mblen(ptr);
 	wchar_t		character[WC_BUF_LEN];
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;	/* TODO */
+
+	/* TODO: determine collation properly */
+	pg_locale_t mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID);
 
 	if (clen == 1 || database_ctype_is_c)
 		return isalpha(TOUCHAR(ptr));
@@ -81,7 +88,9 @@ t_isalnum(const char *ptr)
 {
 	int			clen = pg_mblen(ptr);
 	wchar_t		character[WC_BUF_LEN];
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;	/* TODO */
+
+	/* TODO: determine collation properly */
+	pg_locale_t mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID);
 
 	if (clen == 1 || database_ctype_is_c)
 		return isalnum(TOUCHAR(ptr));
@@ -96,7 +105,9 @@ t_isprint(const char *ptr)
 {
 	int			clen = pg_mblen(ptr);
 	wchar_t		character[WC_BUF_LEN];
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;	/* TODO */
+
+	/* TODO: determine collation properly */
+	pg_locale_t mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID);;
 
 	if (clen == 1 || database_ctype_is_c)
 		return isprint(TOUCHAR(ptr));
@@ -266,7 +277,9 @@ char *
 lowerstr_with_len(const char *str, int len)
 {
 	char	   *out;
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;	/* TODO */
+
+	/* TODO: determine collation properly */
+	pg_locale_t mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID);
 
 	if (len == 0)
 		return pstrdup("");
diff --git a/src/backend/tsearch/wparser_def.c b/src/backend/tsearch/wparser_def.c
index 3919ef27b57..03b4a08244f 100644
--- a/src/backend/tsearch/wparser_def.c
+++ b/src/backend/tsearch/wparser_def.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <wctype.h>
 
+#include "catalog/pg_collation.h"
 #include "commands/defrem.h"
 #include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
@@ -299,7 +300,8 @@ TParserInit(char *str, int len)
 	 */
 	if (prs->charmaxlen > 1)
 	{
-		pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;	/* TODO */
+		/* TODO: determine collation properly */
+		pg_locale_t mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID);
 
 		prs->usewide = true;
 		if (database_ctype_is_c)
-- 
2.34.1

From 5cdad53fc73e7de9d5c85eb50cd6ae27e0697698 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeff Davis <j...@j-davis.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2024 11:58:59 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v4 5/5] Remove support for null pg_locale_t.

Previously, passing NULL for pg_locale_t meant "use the libc provider
and the server environment". Now that the database collation is
represented as a proper pg_locale_t (not dependent on setlocale()),
remove special cases for NULL.
---
 src/backend/access/hash/hashfunc.c |  10 +--
 src/backend/regex/regc_pg_locale.c | 115 ++---------------------------
 src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c |  84 ++++++---------------
 src/backend/utils/adt/like.c       |  10 +--
 src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c  |  77 ++++++-------------
 src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c    |  10 +--
 src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c    |  28 +++----
 7 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 265 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/access/hash/hashfunc.c b/src/backend/access/hash/hashfunc.c
index ce8ee0ea2ef..d151751e185 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/hash/hashfunc.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/hash/hashfunc.c
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ hashtext(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	text	   *key = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Oid			collid = PG_GET_COLLATION();
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
+	pg_locale_t mylocale;
 	Datum		result;
 
 	if (!collid)
@@ -277,8 +277,7 @@ hashtext(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				 errmsg("could not determine which collation to use for string hashing"),
 				 errhint("Use the COLLATE clause to set the collation explicitly.")));
 
-	if (!lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 	if (pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 	{
@@ -322,7 +321,7 @@ hashtextextended(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	text	   *key = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
 	Oid			collid = PG_GET_COLLATION();
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
+	pg_locale_t mylocale;
 	Datum		result;
 
 	if (!collid)
@@ -331,8 +330,7 @@ hashtextextended(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 				 errmsg("could not determine which collation to use for string hashing"),
 				 errhint("Use the COLLATE clause to set the collation explicitly.")));
 
-	if (!lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 	if (pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 	{
diff --git a/src/backend/regex/regc_pg_locale.c b/src/backend/regex/regc_pg_locale.c
index 85f3238eb07..dfea0e75ad7 100644
--- a/src/backend/regex/regc_pg_locale.c
+++ b/src/backend/regex/regc_pg_locale.c
@@ -67,8 +67,6 @@ typedef enum
 {
 	PG_REGEX_LOCALE_C,			/* C locale (encoding independent) */
 	PG_REGEX_BUILTIN,			/* built-in Unicode semantics */
-	PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE,		/* Use <wctype.h> functions */
-	PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE,		/* Use <ctype.h> functions */
 	PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L,		/* Use locale_t <wctype.h> functions */
 	PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE_L,	/* Use locale_t <ctype.h> functions */
 	PG_REGEX_LOCALE_ICU,		/* Use ICU uchar.h functions */
@@ -262,29 +260,19 @@ pg_set_regex_collation(Oid collation)
 					 errmsg("nondeterministic collations are not supported for regular expressions")));
 
 #ifdef USE_ICU
-		if (pg_regex_locale && pg_regex_locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+		if (pg_regex_locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 			pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_LOCALE_ICU;
 		else
 #endif
 		if (GetDatabaseEncoding() == PG_UTF8)
 		{
-			if (pg_regex_locale)
-			{
-				if (pg_regex_locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
-					pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_BUILTIN;
-				else
-					pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L;
-			}
+			if (pg_regex_locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
+				pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_BUILTIN;
 			else
-				pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE;
+				pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L;
 		}
 		else
-		{
-			if (pg_regex_locale)
-				pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE_L;
-			else
-				pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE;
-		}
+			pg_regex_strategy = PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE_L;
 
 		pg_regex_collation = collation;
 	}
@@ -300,13 +288,6 @@ pg_wc_isdigit(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISDIGIT));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_isdigit(c, true);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswdigit((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					isdigit((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswdigit_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -334,13 +315,6 @@ pg_wc_isalpha(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISALPHA));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_isalpha(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswalpha((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					isalpha((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswalpha_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -368,13 +342,6 @@ pg_wc_isalnum(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISALNUM));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_isalnum(c, true);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswalnum((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					isalnum((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswalnum_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -411,13 +378,6 @@ pg_wc_isupper(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISUPPER));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_isupper(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswupper((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					isupper((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswupper_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -445,13 +405,6 @@ pg_wc_islower(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISLOWER));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_islower(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswlower((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					islower((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswlower_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -479,13 +432,6 @@ pg_wc_isgraph(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISGRAPH));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_isgraph(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswgraph((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					isgraph((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswgraph_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -513,13 +459,6 @@ pg_wc_isprint(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISPRINT));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_isprint(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswprint((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					isprint((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswprint_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -547,13 +486,6 @@ pg_wc_ispunct(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISPUNCT));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_ispunct(c, true);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswpunct((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					ispunct((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswpunct_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -581,13 +513,6 @@ pg_wc_isspace(pg_wchar c)
 					(pg_char_properties[c] & PG_ISSPACE));
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return pg_u_isspace(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return iswspace((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			return (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX &&
-					isspace((unsigned char) c));
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return iswspace_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -616,20 +541,6 @@ pg_wc_toupper(pg_wchar c)
 			return c;
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return unicode_uppercase_simple(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			/* force C behavior for ASCII characters, per comments above */
-			if (c <= (pg_wchar) 127)
-				return pg_ascii_toupper((unsigned char) c);
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return towupper((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			/* force C behavior for ASCII characters, per comments above */
-			if (c <= (pg_wchar) 127)
-				return pg_ascii_toupper((unsigned char) c);
-			if (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX)
-				return toupper((unsigned char) c);
-			return c;
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return towupper_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -658,20 +569,6 @@ pg_wc_tolower(pg_wchar c)
 			return c;
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			return unicode_lowercase_simple(c);
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
-			/* force C behavior for ASCII characters, per comments above */
-			if (c <= (pg_wchar) 127)
-				return pg_ascii_tolower((unsigned char) c);
-			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
-				return towlower((wint_t) c);
-			/* FALL THRU */
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
-			/* force C behavior for ASCII characters, per comments above */
-			if (c <= (pg_wchar) 127)
-				return pg_ascii_tolower((unsigned char) c);
-			if (c <= (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX)
-				return tolower((unsigned char) c);
-			return c;
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			if (sizeof(wchar_t) >= 4 || c <= (pg_wchar) 0xFFFF)
 				return towlower_l((wint_t) c, pg_regex_locale->info.lt);
@@ -825,11 +722,9 @@ pg_ctype_get_cache(pg_wc_probefunc probefunc, int cclasscode)
 		case PG_REGEX_BUILTIN:
 			max_chr = (pg_wchar) MAX_SIMPLE_CHR;
 			break;
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE:
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_WIDE_L:
 			max_chr = (pg_wchar) MAX_SIMPLE_CHR;
 			break;
-		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE:
 		case PG_REGEX_LOCALE_1BYTE_L:
 #if MAX_SIMPLE_CHR >= UCHAR_MAX
 			max_chr = (pg_wchar) UCHAR_MAX;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c
index 8736ada4be2..68069fcfd3b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/formatting.c
@@ -1665,7 +1665,7 @@ str_tolower(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 #ifdef USE_ICU
-		if (mylocale && mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+		if (mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 		{
 			int32_t		len_uchar;
 			int32_t		len_conv;
@@ -1681,7 +1681,7 @@ str_tolower(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		}
 		else
 #endif
-		if (mylocale && mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
+		if (mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
 		{
 			const char *src = buff;
 			size_t		srclen = nbytes;
@@ -1710,7 +1710,7 @@ str_tolower(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			Assert(!mylocale || mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+			Assert(mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 			if (pg_database_encoding_max_length() > 1)
 			{
@@ -1730,12 +1730,7 @@ str_tolower(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 				char2wchar(workspace, nbytes + 1, buff, nbytes, mylocale);
 
 				for (curr_char = 0; workspace[curr_char] != 0; curr_char++)
-				{
-					if (mylocale)
-						workspace[curr_char] = towlower_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
-					else
-						workspace[curr_char] = towlower(workspace[curr_char]);
-				}
+					workspace[curr_char] = towlower_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
 
 				/*
 				 * Make result large enough; case change might change number
@@ -1761,12 +1756,7 @@ str_tolower(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 				 * collations you get exactly what the collation says.
 				 */
 				for (p = result; *p; p++)
-				{
-					if (mylocale)
-						*p = tolower_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
-					else
-						*p = pg_tolower((unsigned char) *p);
-				}
+					*p = tolower_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1813,7 +1803,7 @@ str_toupper(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 #ifdef USE_ICU
-		if (mylocale && mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+		if (mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 		{
 			int32_t		len_uchar,
 						len_conv;
@@ -1829,7 +1819,7 @@ str_toupper(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		}
 		else
 #endif
-		if (mylocale && mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
+		if (mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
 		{
 			const char *src = buff;
 			size_t		srclen = nbytes;
@@ -1858,7 +1848,7 @@ str_toupper(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			Assert(!mylocale || mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+			Assert(mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 			if (pg_database_encoding_max_length() > 1)
 			{
@@ -1878,12 +1868,7 @@ str_toupper(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 				char2wchar(workspace, nbytes + 1, buff, nbytes, mylocale);
 
 				for (curr_char = 0; workspace[curr_char] != 0; curr_char++)
-				{
-					if (mylocale)
-						workspace[curr_char] = towupper_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
-					else
-						workspace[curr_char] = towupper(workspace[curr_char]);
-				}
+					workspace[curr_char] = towupper_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
 
 				/*
 				 * Make result large enough; case change might change number
@@ -1909,12 +1894,7 @@ str_toupper(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 				 * collations you get exactly what the collation says.
 				 */
 				for (p = result; *p; p++)
-				{
-					if (mylocale)
-						*p = toupper_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
-					else
-						*p = pg_toupper((unsigned char) *p);
-				}
+					*p = toupper_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -2003,7 +1983,7 @@ str_initcap(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 #ifdef USE_ICU
-		if (mylocale && mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+		if (mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 		{
 			int32_t		len_uchar,
 						len_conv;
@@ -2019,7 +1999,7 @@ str_initcap(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		}
 		else
 #endif
-		if (mylocale && mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
+		if (mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_BUILTIN)
 		{
 			const char *src = buff;
 			size_t		srclen = nbytes;
@@ -2060,7 +2040,7 @@ str_initcap(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			Assert(!mylocale || mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+			Assert(mylocale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 			if (pg_database_encoding_max_length() > 1)
 			{
@@ -2081,22 +2061,11 @@ str_initcap(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 
 				for (curr_char = 0; workspace[curr_char] != 0; curr_char++)
 				{
-					if (mylocale)
-					{
-						if (wasalnum)
-							workspace[curr_char] = towlower_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
-						else
-							workspace[curr_char] = towupper_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
-						wasalnum = iswalnum_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
-					}
+					if (wasalnum)
+						workspace[curr_char] = towlower_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
 					else
-					{
-						if (wasalnum)
-							workspace[curr_char] = towlower(workspace[curr_char]);
-						else
-							workspace[curr_char] = towupper(workspace[curr_char]);
-						wasalnum = iswalnum(workspace[curr_char]);
-					}
+						workspace[curr_char] = towupper_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
+					wasalnum = iswalnum_l(workspace[curr_char], mylocale->info.lt);
 				}
 
 				/*
@@ -2124,22 +2093,11 @@ str_initcap(const char *buff, size_t nbytes, Oid collid)
 				 */
 				for (p = result; *p; p++)
 				{
-					if (mylocale)
-					{
-						if (wasalnum)
-							*p = tolower_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
-						else
-							*p = toupper_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
-						wasalnum = isalnum_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
-					}
+					if (wasalnum)
+						*p = tolower_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
 					else
-					{
-						if (wasalnum)
-							*p = pg_tolower((unsigned char) *p);
-						else
-							*p = pg_toupper((unsigned char) *p);
-						wasalnum = isalnum((unsigned char) *p);
-					}
+						*p = toupper_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
+					wasalnum = isalnum_l((unsigned char) *p, mylocale->info.lt);
 				}
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/like.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/like.c
index 57ead66b5aa..0ecc96d48e5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/like.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/like.c
@@ -174,8 +174,7 @@ Generic_Text_IC_like(text *str, text *pat, Oid collation)
 			   *p;
 	int			slen,
 				plen;
-	pg_locale_t locale = 0;
-	bool		locale_is_c = false;
+	pg_locale_t locale;
 
 	if (!OidIsValid(collation))
 	{
@@ -189,10 +188,7 @@ Generic_Text_IC_like(text *str, text *pat, Oid collation)
 				 errhint("Use the COLLATE clause to set the collation explicitly.")));
 	}
 
-	if (lc_ctype_is_c(collation))
-		locale_is_c = true;
-	else
-		locale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collation);
+	locale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collation);
 
 	if (!pg_locale_deterministic(locale))
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -228,7 +224,7 @@ Generic_Text_IC_like(text *str, text *pat, Oid collation)
 		plen = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(pat);
 		s = VARDATA_ANY(str);
 		slen = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(str);
-		return SB_IMatchText(s, slen, p, plen, locale, locale_is_c);
+		return SB_IMatchText(s, slen, p, plen, locale, locale->ctype_is_c);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
index 42d8bc5deda..2e6f624798f 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_locale.c
@@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@ get_iso_localename(const char *winlocname)
 		char	   *hyphen;
 
 		/* Locale names use only ASCII, any conversion locale suffices. */
-		rc = wchar2char(iso_lc_messages, buffer, sizeof(iso_lc_messages), NULL);
+		rc = wchar2char(iso_lc_messages, buffer, sizeof(iso_lc_messages), default_locale);
 		if (rc == -1 || rc == sizeof(iso_lc_messages))
 			return NULL;
 
@@ -1449,11 +1449,7 @@ make_icu_collator(const char *iculocstr,
 bool
 pg_locale_deterministic(pg_locale_t locale)
 {
-	/* default locale must always be deterministic */
-	if (locale == NULL)
-		return true;
-	else
-		return locale->deterministic;
+	return locale->deterministic;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1813,7 +1809,7 @@ pg_strncoll_libc_win32_utf8(const char *arg1, size_t len1, const char *arg2,
 	int			r;
 	int			result;
 
-	Assert(!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	Assert(locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 	Assert(GetDatabaseEncoding() == PG_UTF8);
 #ifndef WIN32
 	Assert(false);
@@ -1853,10 +1849,7 @@ pg_strncoll_libc_win32_utf8(const char *arg1, size_t len1, const char *arg2,
 	((LPWSTR) a2p)[r] = 0;
 
 	errno = 0;
-	if (locale)
-		result = wcscoll_l((LPWSTR) a1p, (LPWSTR) a2p, locale->info.lt);
-	else
-		result = wcscoll((LPWSTR) a1p, (LPWSTR) a2p);
+	result = wcscoll_l((LPWSTR) a1p, (LPWSTR) a2p, locale->info.lt);
 	if (result == 2147483647)	/* _NLSCMPERROR; missing from mingw headers */
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errmsg("could not compare Unicode strings: %m")));
@@ -1882,7 +1875,7 @@ pg_strcoll_libc(const char *arg1, const char *arg2, pg_locale_t locale)
 {
 	int			result;
 
-	Assert(!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	Assert(locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 #ifdef WIN32
 	if (GetDatabaseEncoding() == PG_UTF8)
 	{
@@ -1893,10 +1886,7 @@ pg_strcoll_libc(const char *arg1, const char *arg2, pg_locale_t locale)
 	}
 	else
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
-	if (locale)
 		result = strcoll_l(arg1, arg2, locale->info.lt);
-	else
-		result = strcoll(arg1, arg2);
 
 	return result;
 }
@@ -1918,7 +1908,7 @@ pg_strncoll_libc(const char *arg1, size_t len1, const char *arg2, size_t len2,
 	char	   *arg2n;
 	int			result;
 
-	Assert(!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	Assert(locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 #ifdef WIN32
 	/* check for this case before doing the work for nul-termination */
@@ -2064,7 +2054,7 @@ pg_strcoll(const char *arg1, const char *arg2, pg_locale_t locale)
 {
 	int			result;
 
-	if (!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 		result = pg_strcoll_libc(arg1, arg2, locale);
 #ifdef USE_ICU
 	else if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
@@ -2100,7 +2090,7 @@ pg_strncoll(const char *arg1, size_t len1, const char *arg2, size_t len2,
 {
 	int			result;
 
-	if (!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 		result = pg_strncoll_libc(arg1, len1, arg2, len2, locale);
 #ifdef USE_ICU
 	else if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
@@ -2118,13 +2108,10 @@ static size_t
 pg_strxfrm_libc(char *dest, const char *src, size_t destsize,
 				pg_locale_t locale)
 {
-	Assert(!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	Assert(locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 #ifdef TRUST_STRXFRM
-	if (locale)
-		return strxfrm_l(dest, src, destsize, locale->info.lt);
-	else
-		return strxfrm(dest, src, destsize);
+	return strxfrm_l(dest, src, destsize, locale->info.lt);
 #else
 	/* shouldn't happen */
 	PGLOCALE_SUPPORT_ERROR(locale->provider);
@@ -2141,7 +2128,7 @@ pg_strnxfrm_libc(char *dest, const char *src, size_t srclen, size_t destsize,
 	size_t		bufsize = srclen + 1;
 	size_t		result;
 
-	Assert(!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	Assert(locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 	if (bufsize > TEXTBUFLEN)
 		buf = palloc(bufsize);
@@ -2313,7 +2300,7 @@ pg_strnxfrm_prefix_icu(char *dest, const char *src, int32_t srclen,
 bool
 pg_strxfrm_enabled(pg_locale_t locale)
 {
-	if (!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 #ifdef TRUST_STRXFRM
 		return true;
 #else
@@ -2347,7 +2334,7 @@ pg_strxfrm(char *dest, const char *src, size_t destsize, pg_locale_t locale)
 {
 	size_t		result = 0;		/* keep compiler quiet */
 
-	if (!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 		result = pg_strxfrm_libc(dest, src, destsize, locale);
 #ifdef USE_ICU
 	else if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
@@ -2384,7 +2371,7 @@ pg_strnxfrm(char *dest, size_t destsize, const char *src, size_t srclen,
 {
 	size_t		result = 0;		/* keep compiler quiet */
 
-	if (!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 		result = pg_strnxfrm_libc(dest, src, srclen, destsize, locale);
 #ifdef USE_ICU
 	else if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
@@ -2404,7 +2391,7 @@ pg_strnxfrm(char *dest, size_t destsize, const char *src, size_t srclen,
 bool
 pg_strxfrm_prefix_enabled(pg_locale_t locale)
 {
-	if (!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC)
 		return false;
 	else if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 		return true;
@@ -2434,13 +2421,11 @@ pg_strxfrm_prefix(char *dest, const char *src, size_t destsize,
 {
 	size_t		result = 0;		/* keep compiler quiet */
 
-	if (!locale)
-		PGLOCALE_SUPPORT_ERROR(COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 #ifdef USE_ICU
-	else if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 		result = pg_strnxfrm_prefix_icu(dest, src, -1, destsize, locale);
-#endif
 	else
+#endif
 		PGLOCALE_SUPPORT_ERROR(locale->provider);
 
 	return result;
@@ -2469,13 +2454,11 @@ pg_strnxfrm_prefix(char *dest, size_t destsize, const char *src,
 {
 	size_t		result = 0;		/* keep compiler quiet */
 
-	if (!locale)
-		PGLOCALE_SUPPORT_ERROR(COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 #ifdef USE_ICU
-	else if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
+	if (locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_ICU)
 		result = pg_strnxfrm_prefix_icu(dest, src, -1, destsize, locale);
-#endif
 	else
+#endif
 		PGLOCALE_SUPPORT_ERROR(locale->provider);
 
 	return result;
@@ -3032,7 +3015,7 @@ wchar2char(char *to, const wchar_t *from, size_t tolen, pg_locale_t locale)
 {
 	size_t		result;
 
-	Assert(!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	Assert(locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 	if (tolen == 0)
 		return 0;
@@ -3060,12 +3043,6 @@ wchar2char(char *to, const wchar_t *from, size_t tolen, pg_locale_t locale)
 	}
 	else
 #endif							/* WIN32 */
-	if (locale == (pg_locale_t) 0)
-	{
-		/* Use wcstombs directly for the default locale */
-		result = wcstombs(to, from, tolen);
-	}
-	else
 	{
 		/* Use wcstombs_l for nondefault locales */
 		result = wcstombs_l(to, from, tolen, locale->info.lt);
@@ -3089,7 +3066,7 @@ char2wchar(wchar_t *to, size_t tolen, const char *from, size_t fromlen,
 {
 	size_t		result;
 
-	Assert(!locale || locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
+	Assert(locale->provider == COLLPROVIDER_LIBC);
 
 	if (tolen == 0)
 		return 0;
@@ -3122,16 +3099,8 @@ char2wchar(wchar_t *to, size_t tolen, const char *from, size_t fromlen,
 		/* mbstowcs requires ending '\0' */
 		char	   *str = pnstrdup(from, fromlen);
 
-		if (locale == (pg_locale_t) 0)
-		{
-			/* Use mbstowcs directly for the default locale */
-			result = mbstowcs(to, str, tolen);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			/* Use mbstowcs_l for nondefault locales */
-			result = mbstowcs_l(to, str, tolen, locale->info.lt);
-		}
+		/* Use mbstowcs_l for nondefault locales */
+		result = mbstowcs_l(to, str, tolen, locale->info.lt);
 
 		pfree(str);
 	}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c
index 02dfe219f54..829375cd1a3 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/varchar.c
@@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ hashbpchar(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Oid			collid = PG_GET_COLLATION();
 	char	   *keydata;
 	int			keylen;
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
+	pg_locale_t mylocale;
 	Datum		result;
 
 	if (!collid)
@@ -1011,8 +1011,7 @@ hashbpchar(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	keydata = VARDATA_ANY(key);
 	keylen = bcTruelen(key);
 
-	if (!lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 	if (pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 	{
@@ -1054,7 +1053,7 @@ hashbpcharextended(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Oid			collid = PG_GET_COLLATION();
 	char	   *keydata;
 	int			keylen;
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
+	pg_locale_t mylocale;
 	Datum		result;
 
 	if (!collid)
@@ -1066,8 +1065,7 @@ hashbpcharextended(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	keydata = VARDATA_ANY(key);
 	keylen = bcTruelen(key);
 
-	if (!lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 	if (pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 	{
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
index d2e2e9bbba0..52ab8c43c66 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
@@ -1217,12 +1217,11 @@ text_position_setup(text *t1, text *t2, Oid collid, TextPositionState *state)
 {
 	int			len1 = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(t1);
 	int			len2 = VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(t2);
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
+	pg_locale_t mylocale;
 
 	check_collation_set(collid);
 
-	if (!lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 	if (!pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -1619,18 +1618,14 @@ Datum
 texteq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	Oid			collid = PG_GET_COLLATION();
-	bool		locale_is_c = false;
 	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
 	bool		result;
 
 	check_collation_set(collid);
 
-	if (lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		locale_is_c = true;
-	else
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
-	if (locale_is_c || pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
+	if (pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 	{
 		Datum		arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
 		Datum		arg2 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
@@ -1678,18 +1673,14 @@ Datum
 textne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
 	Oid			collid = PG_GET_COLLATION();
-	bool		locale_is_c = false;
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
+	pg_locale_t mylocale;
 	bool		result;
 
 	check_collation_set(collid);
 
-	if (lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		locale_is_c = true;
-	else
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
-	if (locale_is_c || pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
+	if (pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 	{
 		Datum		arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
 		Datum		arg2 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
@@ -1793,15 +1784,14 @@ text_starts_with(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Datum		arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
 	Datum		arg2 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
 	Oid			collid = PG_GET_COLLATION();
-	pg_locale_t mylocale = 0;
+	pg_locale_t mylocale;
 	bool		result;
 	Size		len1,
 				len2;
 
 	check_collation_set(collid);
 
-	if (!lc_collate_is_c(collid))
-		mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
+	mylocale = pg_newlocale_from_collation(collid);
 
 	if (!pg_locale_deterministic(mylocale))
 		ereport(ERROR,
-- 
2.34.1

Reply via email to