I think the docs are inconsistent with the commit message and the code
(d06215d03) and docs should be corrected, soemthing like so:

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml
index b135c89005..cd10a6a6fc 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml
@@ -7302,7 +7302,8 @@ SCRAM-SHA-256$<replaceable>&lt;iteration 
count&gt;</replaceable>:<replaceable>&l
        of statistics accumulated for this statistics object by
        <xref linkend="sql-analyze"/>.
        A zero value indicates that no statistics should be collected.
-       A negative value says to use the system default statistics target.
+       A negative value says to use the maximum of the statistics targets of
+       the referenced columns, if set, or the system default statistics target.
        Positive values of <structfield>stxstattarget</structfield>
        determine the target number of <quote>most common values</quote>
        to collect.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml 
b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml
index be4c3f1f05..f2e8a93166 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_statistics.sgml
@@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ ALTER STATISTICS <replaceable 
class="parameter">name</replaceable> SET STATISTIC
         The statistic-gathering target for this statistics object for 
subsequent
         <xref linkend="sql-analyze"/> operations.
         The target can be set in the range 0 to 10000; alternatively, set it
-        to -1 to revert to using the system default statistics
+        to -1 to revert to using the maximum statistics target of the
+        referenced column's, if set, or the system default statistics
         target (<xref linkend="guc-default-statistics-target"/>).
         For more information on the use of statistics by the
         <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> query planner, refer to
-- 
2.17.0



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