Hummm… agak agak
ajaib yah….. kesannya Pemerintahan RI membolehkan tumbuhnya
satu “kepala”
lain di Aceh????
Jadi mikir, segitu mahalnya kah “harga” sebuah kedamaian?
-----Original Message-----
From: Andrew Yuen
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Sunday, August 14, 2005 1:27
PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED];
[EMAIL PROTECTED]; [email protected]
Subject: [Politik_Tionghoa] Final
Text MoU RI - GAM di Helsinki
Final Text
17 July 2005
Confidential, Not To Be Distributed
Memorandum of Understanding
between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement
The Government of Indonesia (GoI) and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) confirm
their commitment to a peaceful, comprehensive and sustainable solution to the
conflict in Aceh with dignity for all.
The parties commit themselves to creating conditions within which the
government of the Acehnese people can be manifested through a fair and
democratic process
within the unitary state and constitution of the Republic of
Indonesia.
The parties are deeply convinced that only the peaceful settlement of the
conflict will enable the rebuilding of Aceh after the tsunami disaster on 26
December 2004 to progress and succeed.
The parties to the conflict commit themselves to building mutual confidence and
trust.
This Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) details the agreement and the principles
that will guide the transformation process.
To this end the GoI and GAM have agreed on the following:
1 Governing of Aceh
1.1 Law on the Governing of Aceh
1.1.1 A new Law on the Governing of Aceh will be promulgated and will enter
into force as soon as possible and not later than 31 March 2006.
1.1.2 The new Law on the Governing of Aceh will be based on the following
principles:
a) Aceh will exercise authority within all sectors of public affairs, which
will be
administered in conjunction with its civil and judicial administration, except
in the fields of foreign affairs, external defence, national security, monetary
and fiscal matters, justice and freedom of religion, the policies of which
belong to the
Government of the Republic of Indonesia in conformity with the Constitution.
b) International agreements entered into by the Government of Indonesia which
relate to matters of special interest to Aceh will be entered into in
consultation with and with the consent of the legislature of Aceh.
c) Decisions with regard to Aceh by the legislature of the Republic of
Indonesia will be taken in consultation with and with the consent of the
legislature of Aceh.
d) Administrative measures undertaken by the Government of Indonesia with
regard to Aceh will be implemented in consultation with and with the consent of
the head of the Aceh administration.
1.1.3 The name of Aceh and the titles of senior elected officials will be
determined by the legislature of Aceh after the next elections.
1.1.4 The borders of Aceh correspond to the borders as of 1 July 1956.
1.1.5 Aceh has the right to use regional symbols including a flag, a crest and
a hymn.
1.1.6 Kanun Aceh will be re-established for Aceh respecting the historical
traditions and customs of the people of Aceh and reflecting contemporary legal
requirements of Aceh.
1.1.7 The institution of Wali Nanggroe with all its ceremonial attributes and
entitlements will be established.
1.2 Political participation
1.2.1 As soon as possible and not later than one year from the signing of the
MoU, GoI agrees to and will facilitate the establishment of Aceh-based
political parties that meet national criteria. Understanding the aspirations of
Acehnese people for local poitical parties, GoI will create, within one year or
at the latest 18 months from the signing of this MoU, the political and legal
conditions for the establishment of local political parties in Aceh in
consultation with Parliament. The timely implementation of
this MoU will contribute positively to this end.
1.2.2 Upon the signature of the MoU, the people of Aceh will have the right to
nominate candidates for the positions of all elected officials to contest the
elections in Aceh in April 2006 and thereafter.
1.2.3 Free and fair local elections will be organized under the new Law on the
Governing of Aceh to elect the head of the Aceh administrtion and other elected
officials in April 2006 as well as the legislature of Aceh in 2009.
1.2.4 Until 2009 the legislature of Aceh will not be entitled to enact any laws
without the consent of the head of the Aceh administration.
1.2.5 All Acehnese residents will be issued new conventional identity cards
prior to the elections of April 2006.
1.2.6 Full participation of all Acehnese people in local and national elections
will be guaranteed in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of
Indonesia.
1.2.7 Outside monitors will be invited to monitor the elections in Aceh. Local
elections may be undertaken with outside technical assistance.
1.2.8 There will be full transparency in campaign funds.
1.3 Economy
1.3.1 Aceh has the right to raise funds with external loans. Aceh has the right
to set interest rates beyond that set by the Central Bank of the Republic of
Indonesia.
1.3.2 Aceh has the right to set and raise taxes to fund official internal
activities. Aceh has the right to conduct trade and business internally and
internationally and to seek foreign direct investment and tourism to Aceh.
1.3.3 Aceh will have jurisdiction over living natural resources in the
territorial sea surrounding Aceh.
1.3.4 Aceh is entitled to retain seventy (70) per cent of the revenues from all
current and future hydrocarbon deposits and other natural resources in the
territory of Aceh as well as in the territorial sea surrounding Aceh.
1.3.5 Aceh conducts the development and administration of all seaports and
airports within the territory of Aceh .
1.3.6 Aceh will enjoy free trade with all other parts of the Republic of
Indonesia unhindered by taxes, tariffs or other restrictions.
1.3.7 Aceh will enjoy direct and unhindered access to foreign countries, by sea
and air.
1.3.8 GoI commits to the transparency of the collection and allocation of
revenues between the Central Government and Aceh by agreeing to outside
auditors to verify this activity and to communicate the results to the head of
the Aceh administration.
1.3.9 GAM will nominate representatives to participate fully at all levels in
the commission established to conduct the post-tsunami reconstruction (BRR).
1.4 Rule of law
1.4.1 The separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the
judiciary will be recognised.
1.4.2 The legislature of Aceh will redraft the legal code for Aceh on the basis
of the universal principles of human rights as provided for in the United
Nations International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights and on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights.
1.4.3 An independent and impartial court system, including a court of appeals,
will be established for Aceh within the judicial system of the Republic of
Indonesia.
1.4.4 The appointment of the Chief of the organic police forces and the
prosecutors shall be approved by the head of the Aceh administration. The
recruitment and training of organic police forces and prosecutors will take
place in consultation with and with the consent of the head of the Aceh
administration in complicance with the applicable national standards.
1.4.5 All civilian crimes committed by military personnel in Aceh will be tried
in civil courts in Aceh.
2 Human rights
2.1 GoI will adhere to the United Nations International Covenants on
Civil and Political Rights and on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
2.2 A Human Rights Court will be established for Aceh.
2.3 A Commission for Truth and Reconciliation will be established for Aceh by
the Indonesian Commission of Truth and Reconciliation with the task of
formulating and determining reconciliation measures.
3 Amnesty
3.1.1 GoI will, in accordance with constitutional procedures, grant amnesty to
all persons who have participated in GAM activities as soon as posible and not
later than within 15 days of the signature of the MoU.
3.1.2 Political prisoners and detainees held due to the conflict
will be released unconditionally as soon as possible and not later than within
15 days of the signature of this MoU.
3.1.3 The Head of the Monitoring Mission will decide on disputed cases based on
advice from the legal advisor of the Monitoring Mission.
3.1.4 Use of weapons by GAM personnel after the signature of this MoU will be
regarded as a violation of the MoU and will disqualify the person from amnesty.
3.2 Reintegration into society
3.2.1 As citizens of the Republic of Indonesia , all persons having been
granted amnesty or released from prison or detention will have all political,
economic and social rights as well as the right to participate freely in the
poitical process both in Aceh and on the national level.
3.2.2 Persons who during the conflict have renounced their citizenship of the
Republic of Indonesia will have the right to regain it.
3.2.3 GoI and the authorities of Aceh will take measures to assist persons who
have participated in GAM activities to facilitate their reintegration into the
civil society.
These measures include economic facilitation to former combatants, pardoned
political prisoners and affected civilians. A Reintegration Fund
under the administration of the authorities of Aceh will be established.
3.2.4 GoI will allocate funds for the rehabilitation of public and private
property destroyed or damaged as a consequence of the conflict to be
administered by the authorities of Aceh.
3.2.5 GoI will allocate suitable farming land as well as funds to the
authorities of Aceh for the purpose of facilitating the reintegration to
society of the former combatants and the compensation for political prisoners
and affected civilians. The authorities of Aceh will use the land and funds as
follows:
a) All former combatants will receive an allocation of suitable farming land,
employment or, in the case of incapacity to work, adequate social security from
the authorities of Aceh.
b) All pardoned political prisoners will receive an allocation of suitable
farming land,
employment or, in the case of incapacity to work, adequate social security from
the authorities of Aceh.
c) All civilians who have suffered a demonstrable loss due to the conflict will
receive an allocation of suitable farming land, employment or, in the case of
incapacity to work, adequate social security from the authorities of Aceh.
3.2.6 The authorities of Aceh and GoI will establish a joint Claims Settlement
Commission to deal with unmet claims.
3.2.7 GAM combatants will have the right to seek employment in the organic
police and organic military forces in Aceh without discrimination and in
conformity with national standards.
4 Security arrangements
4.1 All acts of violence between the parties will end latest at the time of the
signing of this MoU.
4.2 GAM undertakes to demobilise all of its [number] military troops. GAM
members will not wear uniforms or display military insignia or symbols after
the signing of this MoU.
4.3 GAM undertakes the decommissioning of all arms, ammunition and explosives
held by the participants in GAM activities with the assistance of the Aceh
Monitoring Mission (AMM). GAM commits to hand over [number] arms.
4.4 The decommissioning of GAM armaments will begin on 15 September 2005 and
will be executed in four stages and concluded by 31 December 2005.
4.5 GoI will withdraw all elements of non-organic military and non-organic
police forces from Aceh.
4.6 The relocation of non-organic military and non-organic police forces will
begin on 15 September 2005 and will be executed in four stages in parallel with
the GAM decommissioning immediately after each stage has been verified by the
AMM, and concluded by 31 December 2005.
4.7 The number of organic military forces to remain in Aceh after the
relocation is [number]. The number of organic police forces to remain in Aceh
after the relocation is [number].
4.8 There will be no major movements of military forces after the signing of
this MoU.
All movements more than a platoon size will require prior notification to the
Head of the Monitoring Mission.
4.9 GoI undertakes the decommissioning of all illegal arms, ammunition and
explosives held by any possible illegal groups and parties.
4.10 Organic police forces will be responsible for upholding internal law and
order in Aceh.
4.11 Military forces will be responsible for upholding external defence of
Aceh. In normal peacetime circumstances, only organic military forces will be
present in Aceh.
4.12 Members of the Aceh organic police force will receive special training in
Aceh and overseas with emphasis on respect for human rights.
5 Establishment of the Aceh Monitoring Mission
5.1 An Aceh Monitoring Mission (AMM) will be established by the
European Union and ASEAN contributing countries with the mandate to monitor the
implementation of the commitments taken by the parties in this Memorandum of
Understanding.
5.2 The tasks of the AMM are to:
a) monitor the demobilisation of GAM and decommissioning of its armaments,
b) monitor the relocation of non-organic military forces and non-organic police
troops.
c) monitor the reintegration of active GAM members,
d) monitor the human rights situation and provide assistance in this field,
e) monitor theprocess of legislation change
f) rule on disputed amnesty cases,
g) investigate and rule on complaints and alleged violations of the MoU,
h) establish and maintain liason and good cooperation with the parties
5.3 A Status of Mission Agreement (SoMA) between GoI and the
European Union will be signed simultaneously with this MoU. The SoMA defines
the status, privileges and immunities of the AMM and its
members. ASEAN contributing countries which have been invited by GoI
will confirm in writing their acceptance of and compliance with the SoMA.
5.4 GoI will give all its support for the carrying out of the
mandate of the AMM. To this end, GoI will write a letter to the European Union
and ASEAN contributing countries expressing its commitment and support to the
AMM.
5.5 GAM will give all its support for the carrying out of the
mandate of the AMM. To this end, GAM will write a letter to the European Union
and ASEAN contributing countries expressing its commitment and support to the
AMM.
5.6 The parties commit themselves to provide AMM with secure, safe
and stable working conditions and pledge their full cooperation with the AMM.
5.7 Monitors will have unrestricted freedom of movement in Aceh.
Only those tasks which are within the provisions of the MoU will be accepted by
the AMM. Parties do not have a veto over the actions or control of
the AMM operations.
5.8 GoI is responsible for the security of all AMM personnel in
Indonesia. The mission personnel do not carry arms. The Head of Monitoring
Mission may however
decide on an exceptional basis that a patrol will not be escorted by GoI
security forces. In that case, GoI will be informed and the GoI will not assume
responsibility for the security of this patrol.
5.9 GoI will provide weapons collection points and support mobile
weapons collection teams in collaboration with the GAM.
5.10 Immediate destruction will be carried out after the collection of weapons
and ammunitions. This process will be fully documented and publicised as
appropriate.
5.11 AMM reports to the Head of Monitoring Mission who will provide regular
reports to the parties and to others as required, as well as to a designated
person or office in the European Union and ASEAN contributing countries.
5.12 Upon signature of the MoU each party will appoint a senior representative
to deal with all matters related to the implementation of this MoU with the
Head of Monitoring Mission.
5.13 The parties commit themselves to a notification responsibility procedure
to the AMM, including military and reconstruction issues.
5.14 GoI will authorise appropriate measures regarding emergency
medical service and hospitalisation for AMM personnel.
5.15 In order to facilitate transparency, GoI will allow full access
for the representatives of national and international media to Aceh.
6 Dispute settlement
6.1 In the event of disputes regarding the implementation of this
MoU, these will be resolved promptly as follows:
a) As a rule, eventual disputes concerning the implementation of this MoU will
be resolved by the Head of Monitoring Mission, in dialogue with the parties,
with all parties providing required information immediately. The Head of
Monitoring
Mission will make a ruling which will be binding on the parties.
b) If the Head of Monitoring Mission concludes that a dispute cannot be
resolved by the means described above, the dispute will be discussed together
by the Head of Monitoring Mission with the senior representative of each party.
Following this, the Head of Monitoring Mission will make a ruling which will be
binding on the parties.
c) In cases where disputes cannot be resolved by either of the means described
above, the Head of Monitoring Mission will report directly to the Coordinating
Minister for Political, Law and Security Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia,
the political leadership of GAM and the Chairman of the Board of Directors of
the Crisis Management Initiative, with the EU Political and Security Committee
informed. After consultation with the parties, theChairman of the
Board of Directors of the Crisis Management Initiative will make a ruling which
will be binding on the parties.
***
GoI and GAM will not undertake any action inconsistent with the letter or spirit
of this Memorandum of Understanding.
***
Signed in triplicate in Helsinki, Finland on this day of August in the year
2005.
For the Government of the Republic of Indonesia
For the Free Aceh Movement
-end of text-
--
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Perjuangan Melawan Kekuasaan adalah Perjuangan Ingatan Melawan Lupa
-Milan Kundera-
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