I believe some users are in fact confusing DMARC and DKIM. DMARC is a
policy that lets receiving servers know how to deal with mail that seems to
be coming from your server but has *not* passed SPF and DKIM checks. From
the Google support forum:

DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance)
<https://support.google.com/a/answer/2466580>: consente di indicare ai
server di destinazione le operazioni da eseguire sui messaggi in uscita
della tua organizzazione che non superano l'autenticazione SPF o DKIM

The problem with this attack, is that is succeeds in passing SPF record
policies and DKIM signature policies with the attackers domain, then
injecting a message with a different from header into the validated
message, making seem quite like an authentic message.


Il Sab 23 Dic 2023, 21:03 Wietse Venema via Postfix-users <
postfix-users@postfix.org> ha scritto:

> Bill Sommerfeld via Postfix-users:
> > On 12/22/23 17:30, Vijay S Sarvepalli via Postfix-users wrote:
> > > Arguably the second server is at fault
> > > here for "SPF" signing two emails, nevertheless the vulnerability is
> due
> > > to the combinatorial or Composition Attack as Wietse has identified.
> >
> > SPF does not involve any per-message signatures.  Did you perhaps mean
> > to say "DKIM" here?
>
> Vijay was confused.
>
> The smuggled message has no From: aligned DKIM signature from the
> From: address domain. The receiving mail system is in a different
> domain, and therefore cannot add a From: aligned DKIM signature.
>
> The receiving MTA can assert that the message was received from an
> an IP address that satisfied the SPF policy for the envelope sender
> domain. That is the whole point this attack on SPF-based authentication.
>
>         Wietse
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