I would like to set up two MX servers with equal priority
One MX server resides on the same physical machine as the Dovecot service
the other MX server is located in a remote data center

Depends what the intent is. Is it for load balancing or is it for backup 
because server A is sometimes offline? You have two ways to do this.

You can setup server B as a relay server, it doesn't have any inboxes. You have 
to replicate a list of valid users on server B. Postfix would then accept email 
for those users and then try to relay (redeliver) that email to server A to be 
stored in the user's inbox on server A. But if your intent is load balancing 
you aren't saving server A from stress as it has to accept and process email 
from server B the same as if the sender sent it directly to server A instead of 
server B. I suppose there are some tricks you can use to cause server B to 
delay delivering mail to server A telling it to only delivery so many messages 
per minute/hour to reduce load on server A. But then you get emails queued up 
on server B and it might be a few hours before the user gets that email in 
their inbox on server A.

Another option would be to setup some kind of NFS drive on server A that server B could 
access over the internet. Server B is a final destination same as server A with almost 
identical configuration. You would either copy over flat files of users between servers 
or have a db both servers can query for user/domain data. Server B would then save the 
emails to the "local" inbox of the user. Which is actually an NFS mount to 
server A's hard drive. But if your config is not letting postfix deliver mail to inbox, 
such as you use dovecot for LDA or LMTP then you would also have to clone your dovecot 
setup on server B and have dovecot then try to save the email over the NFS mount. However 
if your intent of having two servers is as a backup because sometimes server A is 
offline, then the NFS mount would be down and postfix/dovecot would choke when trying to 
deliver email to drive.

Many moving parts and ways to configure, but without knowing your intention 
it's hard to suggest which way would work best for you.
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