On Wed, Jan 19, 2022 at 04:40:29PM -0500, Wayne Spivak wrote: > I am creating the file by using cat file1 file2 file3 > ws.pem (which > is my test combo file)
Does the last "line" of each of the files end in a newline character? A missing newline at the end of file1 or file2 will corrupt the concatenated result. In that case, you'll get more useful results with: perl -lne print file1 file2 file3 rather than : cat file1 file2 file3 Also with "cat ... > ws.pem", if ws.pem does not already exist it may be created world-readable. Be sure to set a sensible umask (077), or: # rm -f combo.pem # openssl pkey -in keyfile.pem -out combo.pem # perl -lne print certfile.pem ... >> combo.pem which sets sensible permissions when creating a new private key file. -- Viktor.