Mas Arcon: Wah masih kalah sama dengan Babad Tanah Jawi dong? Mereka nulis bahkan hingga ke jaman nabi adam sebagai nenek moyang orang jawa.... hue...he...he... Hayo hebat mana? DG
On 6/6/05, Ari Condro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Buat Info perbandingan adalah daftar khilafah dalam sejarah China > hue..he..he... > Mereka bikinnya sejak 50 ribu tahun sebelum masehi lho, hue..he..he.... > > salam, > Ari Condro > > > Saya baru dapat dari Bpk AH, Tabel Kronologi Raja2 Tiongkok kiriman sdr. Tan > yang sangat lengkap. > > Ada yang ingin saya usulkan mengenai tabel ini: > > 1. Penambahan nama2 raja yang belum ada, misalnya raja2 dari NanBeiChao > (Dinasti > > Selatan-Utara), Wudai Shiguo (Lima Dinasti dan Sepuluh Kerajaan), Kerajaan2 > yang sejaman > > dengan Song, ie: Liao, XiXia, Jin. > > 2. Sejaman dengan Dinasti Jin Barat (265-317M) dan Jin Timur (317-420 M) ada > kerajaan2 kecil > > yang disebut ShiLiuGuo. > > 3. Penulisan raja dinasti Yuan > > Bagaimana ada batas (misalnya garis) antara Mongke dengan Kubilai Khan, > untuk > > menunjukkan bahwa Kubilai Khanlah yang menaklukkan dinasti Song dan > mendirikan dinasti > > Yuan. > > 4. Seperti dengan dinasti Yuan, perjalanan dinasti Qing dimulai dengan raja > Aisin Gioro > > Nurhachi yang memakai nama dinasti ManZhou atau HouJin. Setelah ShunZhi > menaklukkan > > dinasti Ming , ia mengganti nama dinastinya menjadi dinasti Qing. > > Sumber item2 di atas diambil dari tulisan Dylan WHS di: > > http://www.geocities.com/Tokyo/Pagoda/3847/chinese/utf8/chindate-utf8.htm > > Nama raja pada daftar Dylan ini adalah nama gelarnya, tidak ada nama > pribadinya. > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Dynasties and Rulers of China > > China has had a long history of successive rulers from mythical sages to > real people documented in historical > > chronicles. Below is a list of rulers by their reign title. Only the main > dynastic players in Chinese history are > > listed. > > The first section lists the mythical and semi-mythical rulers. These > contributed towards the development of > > Chinese culture in general by their teaching of important skill to the > people. The founders of the Xia4, Shang1 > > and Zhou1 dynasties are important only as signposts in the timeline, the > transition between the mythical and the > > historical. > > In the second section, Dynastic China, the major dynasties are given > together with reign titles and dates. The > > names of the founders of those dynasties are given in brackets. The year > given against each ruler is the year (in > > the Western calendar) of ascension the throne. > > We end with the third section, post imperial Modern China. For a Chinese > Traditional Big5 version of this page, > > click here. > > Mythical - Semi-Mythical Rulers > > . Mythical Rulers 50,000 BC - 2700 BC > > o Pre-historic > > (You3Chao2) > > (Sui4Ren2) - Taught man to use fire to cook > > o > > (Fu2Xi1) - First taught the people fishing, herd domestication, and the > inventor of > > the octogram and writing. > > z(N wa1) - Younger sister of , fashioned four pillars of multicoloured stone > > set upon the back of a turtle to prop up the heavens. > > r(Shen2Nong2) - Introduced agriculture, medicines and healing and the > formulated > > the 64 hexagrams. > > . Semi-mythical Rulers > > o (Wu3Di4) 2697 BC - 2033 BC > > S(Huang2Di4) Inventor of the calendar, music, presided over the > systemisation > > written language and healing > > }R(Cang1Ji2) , minister to S, systemised the written language. > > (Zhuan1Xu1) grandson of S, lived in Gao1Yang2 in modern Henan 2 > > 2 province > > (Di4Ku4) (Ku4) Great grandson of S > > (Tang2Yao2) (Yao2) Said to have created a the calendar, Great-great > > grandson of S, fifty years on the throne, ruled wisely. > > (Yu2Shun4) (Shun4) Took reign after retired, controlled water and noted > > for his filial piety. > > (San1 Dai4) Three Dynasties of the semi-mythical age > > o (Yu3) founder of the Xia4 Dynasty > > o (Tang1) founder of the Yin1 (Shang1) Dynasty > > o (Wu2) founder of (Xi1Zhou1) the Western Zhou Dynasty > > (Xian1Wang2) Ancient Kings of the mythical - semi-mythical age > > o great-great grandson of S > > o reign after retired > > o founder of the Xia Dynasty > > o founder of the Yin () or Shang Dynasty > > o (Wen2) father of > > o founder of the Western Zhou Dynasty > > }(SanDai zi ShengHuang) Sage Kings of the Three Dynasties > > o first ruler of the Xia Dynasty > > o first ruler of the Yin () or Shang Dynasty > > o called was father to > > o first ruler of the Western Zhou Dynasty > > (SanDai zi BaoJun) Cruel Rulers of the Three Dynasties > > o (Jie2) last ruler of the Xia Dynasty (died 1562? BC) > > o q(Zhou4) last ruler of the Yin () or Shang Dynasty (died 1050) > > o (Yuo1) last ruler of the Western Zhou Dynasty (died 771 BC) > > o (Li4) cruel ruler during the Western Zhou Dynasty (died 826 BC) > > Dynastic China > > . Xia4 2033-1562 BC > > Yu3 First ruler of Xia, tamed floods, one of the Sage kings > > Qi3 > > Tai4 Kang1 > > Zhong4 Kang1 > > Xiang1 > > Shao3 Kang1 > > Zhu4 > > Mang2 > > Xie4 > > Bu4 Jiang4 > > Jiong1 > > Jin3 > > Kong3 Jia3 > > Gao1 > > lFa1 > > L Gui3 (Jie2) > > . Shang1 1562-1066 BC > > Tang1 overthrew the tyrannical ruler of the tribe. A Sage king > > Wai4 Bing3 > > Zhong4 Ren2 > > Tai4 Jia3 > > Wo4 Ding1 > > Tai4 Geng1 > > Xiao3 Jia3 > > Yong1 Ji3 > > Tai4 Wu4 > > Zhong4 Ding1 > > Wai4 Ren2 > > He2 Dan3 Jia3 > > Zu3 Yi3 > > Zu3 Xin1 > > Wo4 Jia3 > > Zu3 Ding1 > > Nan2 Geng1 > > Yang2 Jia3 > > PPan2 Geng1 > > Xiao3 Xin1 > > Xiao3 Yi3 > > Wu3 Ding1 > > Zu3 Geng1 > > Zu3 Jia3 > > [Lin3 Xin1 > > Geng1 Ding1 > > Wu3 Yi3 > > Tai4 Ding1 (Wen2 Ding1) > > Di4 Yi3 > > Di4 Xin1 (qZhou4) > > . Zhou1 Dynasty > > (Wu3) name l(Wu3Wang2 Ji1Fa1) established the Zhou1 Dynasty. A Sage King. > > Father of (Cheng2Wang2). > > (Vun2) father of (name Xi1Bai3Chang1) ancestor of the dukes of the Lu3 > > and xJin4 states during the Zhou1 Dynasty. > > o Western Zhou1 (Xi1 Zhou1) 1066-771 BC > > King Wu3 (lJi1Fa1) > > King Cheng2 > > King Kang1 > > King Mu4 > > King Gong1 > > King Yi4 > > King Xiao4 > > King Yi2 > > King Li4 841 BC > > King Xuan1 827 BC > > King You1 781 BC > > o Eastern Zhou1 |(Dong1 Zhou1) 770-256 BC > > King Ping2 (Ji1 Yi2Jiu4) 770 BC > > King Huan2 719 BC > > fKing Zhuang1 696 BC > > King Li2 681 BC > > King Hui4 676 BC > > King Xiang1 651 BC > > King Qing3 618 BC > > King Kuang1 612 BC > > King Ding4 606 BC > > King Jian3 585 BC > > `King Ling2 571 BC > > King Jing3 544 BC > > King Jing4 519 BC > > King Yuan2 475 BC > > King Zhen1 Ding4 468 BC > > King Xiao4 440 BC > > King Wei1 Lie4 425 BC > > King An1 401 BC > > King Lie4 375 BC > > @King Xian3 368 BC > > nKing Shen4 Jing4 320 BC > > King Nan3 314 BC > > Spring and Autumn Period (Chun1 Qiu1) 770-476 BC > > Warring States (Zhan4 Guo2) 475-221 BC (Seven Most Powerful States) > > Qin2 > > King Zhao1 Xiang1 (tYing2 Ze2) 306 BC > > King Xiao4 Wen2 250 BC > > fKing Zhuang1 Xiang1 249 BC > > Qin2 Shi3 Huang2 Di4 (Ying2 Zheng4) 246 BC see Qin > > below > > Er4 Shi4 Huang2 Di4 209 BC > > Wei4 > > Zhao4 w > > Han2 n > > Chu3 > > Yan4 > > Qi2 Retc. > > . Qin2 221-207 BC > > Qin2 Shi3 Huang2 Di4 (Ying2 Zheng4) 246 BC The First Emperor of Qin China > > Er4 Shi4 Huang2 Di4 209 BC The Second Emperor of Qin China > > . Han4 h > > o Western Han h(Xi1 Han4) 206 BC - 8 AD > > Emperor Gao1 (Liu2 Bang1) 206 BC > > Emperor Hui4 194 BC > > Emperess Gao1 187 BC > > Emperor Wen2 179 BC > > Emperor Jing3 156 BC > > Emperor Wu3 140 BC > > Emperor Zhao1 86 BC > > Emperor Xuan1 73 BC > > Emperor Yuan2 48 BC > > Emperor Cheng2 32 BC > > Emperor Ai1 6 BC > > Emperor Ping2 1 AD > > (z) Child heir, regent Wang Mang 6 AD > > o Xin1 9AD - 25 AD > > Wang2 Mang3 9 AD > > Emperor Shi3 Geng1 (Liu2 Xuan2) 23 AD > > o Eastern Han |h(Dong1 Han4) 25 - 220 AD > > Emperor Guang1 Mu4(Liu2 Xiu4) 25 AD > > Emperor Ming2 56 > > Emperor Zhang1 76 > > Emperor He2 89 > > Emperor Shang1 106 > > Emperor An1 107 > > Emperor Shun4 126 > > _Emperor Chong1 145 > > |Emperor Zhi4 146 > > Emperor Huan2 147 > > `Emperor Ling2 168 > > Emperor Shao3 189 > > IEmperor Xian4 189 > > . Three Kingdoms (San1 Guo2) 220 - 265 > > o Wei4 220-265 > > Wen2 Di4 (Cao2 Pi1) 220 > > Ming2 Di4 227 > > RQi2 Wang2 240 > > FlGao1 Gui4 Xiang2 Gong1 254 > > Yuan2 Di4 260 > > o Shu3 Han4 h221-263 > > Zhao1 Lie4 Di4 (Liu2 Bei4) 221 > > Hou4 Zhu3 223 > > o Wu2 222-280 > > Da4 Di4 222 > > Hui4 Ji1 252 > > Jing3 Di4 258 > > Mo4 Di4 264 > > . Jin4 x265-420 > > o Western Jin4 x(Xi1 Jin4) 265-317 > > Wu3 Di4 (RSi1 Ma3 Yan2) 265 > > Hui4 Di4 290 > > Huai2 Di4 307 > > Min3 Di4 313 > > o Eastern Jin4 |x(Dong1 Jin4) 317-420 > > Yuan2 Di4 (RSi1 Ma3 Rui4) 317 > > Ming2 Di4 318 > > Cheng2 Di4 322 > > Kang1 Di4 317 > > Mu4 Di4 345 > > Ai1 Di4 362 > > Hai2 Xi1 Gong1 366 > > Jian3 Wen2 Di4 371 > > Xiao4 Wu3 Di4 373 > > An1 Di4 397 > > Gong1 Di4 419 > > o Sixteen States (Shi2 Liu4 Guo2) > > Han4 h(Former Zhao wQian2 Zhao4) 304-328 > > Ran2 Wei4 (Later Zhao wHou4 Zhao4) 319-352 > > Cheng2 (Han4 h) 303-347 > > Former Qin2 (Qian2 Qin2) 351-394 > > Former Yan4 (Qian2 Yan4) 307-370 > > Late Yan4 (Hou4 Yan4) 384-409 > > Southern Yan4 (Nan2 Yan4) 398-410 > > Late Qin2 (Hou4 Qin2) 384-417 > > Xia4 407-431 > > Northern Wei4 (Bei3 Wei4) 409-436 > > Former Liang2 (Bei3 Liang2) 313-376 > > Late Liang2 (Hou4 Liang2) 386-403 > > Southern Liang2 (Nan2 Liang2) 397-414 > > Northern Liang2 (Bei3 Liang2) 397-439 > > Western Liang2 (Xi1 Liang2) 400-421 > > Western Qin2 (Xi1 Qin1) 385-431 > > . Northern and Southern Dynasties (Nan2 Bei3 Chao2) > > o Southern Dynasties (Nan2 Chao2) > > Song4 420-479 > > Wu3 Di4 (Liu2 Yu4) 420 > > Shao3 Di4 423 > > Wen2 Di4 424 > > Xiao4 Wu3 Di4 454 > > UQian2 Fei4 Di3 465 > > Ming2 Di4 465 > > UHou4 Fei4 Di4 473 > > Shun4 Chen2 477 > > Qi2 R479-502 > > Gao1 Di4 (Xiao1 Dao3 Cheng2) 479 > > Wu3 Di4 483 > > dYu4 Lin2 Wang2 494 > > Hai3 Ling2 Wang2 494 > > Ming2 Di4 494 > > |Dong1 Hun1 Hou2 499 > > He2 Di4 501 > > Liang2 502-557 > > Wu3 Di4 (Xiao1 Yan3) 502 > > Jian3 Wen2 Di4 550 > > Yuan2 Di4 552 > > Jing4 Di4 555 > > Chen2 557-589 > > Wu3 Di4 (Chen2 Ba4 Xian1) 557 > > Wen2 Di4 560 > > UFei4 Di4 567 > > Xuan1 Di4 569 > > Hou4 Zhu3 587 > > o Northern Dynasties (Bei3 Chao2) > > Northern Wei4 (Bei3 Wei4) 386-534 > > Dao4 Wu3 Di4 (Tuo4 Ba2 Gui1) 386 > > Ming2 Yuan2 Di4 409 > > Tai4 Wu3 Di4 424 > > Nan2 An1 Di4 452 > > Wen2 Cheng2 Di4 452 > > IXian4 Wen3 Di4 466 > > Xiao4 Wen2 Di4 471 > > Xuan1 Wu3 Di4 500 > > Xiao4 Ming2 Di4 516 > > fXiao4 Zhuang1 Di4 528 > > LVChang2 Guang1 Wang2 530 > > hJie1 Min3 Di4 531 > > An1 Ding4 Wang2 532 > > Xiao4 Wu3 Di4 532 > > Eastern Wei4 |(Dong1 Wei4) 534-550 > > oXiao4 Jing4 Di4 (Yuan2 Shan4 Jian4) 534 > > Northern Qi2 R(Bei3 Qi2) 550-577 > > Wen2 Xuan1 Di4 (Gao1 Yang2) 550 > > UFei4 Di4 560 > > Xiao4 Zhao1 Di4 560 > > Wu3 Cheng2 Di4 561 > > hou4 Zhu3 565 > > You4 Zhu3 577 > > Western Wei4 (Xi1 Wei4) 535-556 > > Wen2 Di4 (Yuan2 Bao3 Ju4) 535 > > UFei4 Di4 552 > > Gong1 Di4 554 > > Northern Zhou1 (Bei3 Zhou1) 557-581 > > hXiao4 Min3 Di4 (XYu3 Wen2 Jiao4) 557 > > Ming2 Di4 557 > > Wu3 Di4 561 > > Xuan1 Di4 579 > > oJing4 Di4 579 > > . Sui2 581-618 > > Wen2 Di4 (Yang2 Jian1) 581 > > Yang2 Di4 605 > > xYi4 Ning2 617 > > . Tang2 618-907 > > Gao1 Zu3 (YLi3 Yuan1) 618 > > Tai4 Zong1 627 > > Gao1 Zong1 650 > > Zhong1 Zong1 684 > > Rui4 Zong1 684 > > Wu3 Hou4 (Wu3 Zhao4) 684 > > Zhou1 690-705 > > Wu3 Hou, Empress Wu3 (tWu3 Ze2 Tian1) 690 > > Zhong1 Zong1 (@Li3 Xian3) 705 > > Shang1 Di4 710 > > Rui4 Di4 710 > > Xuan2 Di4 712 > > CSu4 Zong1 756 > > Dai4 Zong1 762 > > De2 Zong1 780 > > Shun4 Zong1 805 > > Xian4 Zong1 806 > > Mu4 zong1 821 > > Jing4 Zong1 825 > > Wen2 Zong1 826 > > Wu3 Zong1 841 > > Xuan1 Zong1 847 > > Yi4 Zong1 859 > > Xi1 Zong1 874 > > Zhao1 Zong1 889 > > Ai1 Zong1 904 > > . Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (Wu3 Dai4 Shi2 Guo2) > > o Five Dynasties (Wu2 Dai4) > > Later Liang2 (Hou Liang2) 907-923 > > Tai4 Zu3 (Zhu1 Huang3) 907 > > Mo1 Di4 913 > > Later Tang2 (Hou4 Tang2) 923-936 > > fZhuang1 Zong1 (Li3 Cun2 Xu4) 923 > > Ming2 Zong1 926 > > hMin3 Di4 934 > > Mo4 Di4 934 > > Later Jin4 x(Hou4 Jin4) 936-946 > > Gao1 Zu3 (Shi2 Jing3 Tang2) 936 > > Chu1 Di4 943 > > Later Han4 h(Hou4 Han4) 947-950 > > Gao1 Zu3 (Liu2 Hao4) 947 > > [Yin3 Di4 949 > > Later Zhou1 (Hou4 Zhou1) 951-960 > > Tai4 Zu3 (Guo1 Wei1) 951 > > Shi4 Zong1 955 > > Gong1 Di4 960 > > o Ten Kingdoms (Shi2 Guo2) > > Wu2 902-937 > > Former Shu3 (Qian2 Shu3) 907-925 > > Wu2 Yue4 907-978 > > Chu3 907-951 > > Min3 }909-945 > > Nan2 Han4 h917-971 > > Jing1 Nan2 G(Nan2 Ping2 ) 924-963 > > Later Shu3 (Hou4 Shu3) 934-965 > > Southern Tang2 (Nan2 Tang2) 937-975 > > Northern Han4 h(Bei3 Han4) 951-979 etc > > . Song4 Dynasty > > o Northern Song4 (Bei3 Song4) 960-1127 > > Tai4 Zu3 (wZhao4 Kuang1 Yin4) 960 > > Tai4 Zong1 976 > > Zhen1 Zong1 998 > > Ren2 Zong1 1023 > > Ying2 Zong1 1064 > > Shen2 Zong1 1068 > > Zhe2 Zong1 1086 > > Hui1 Zong1 1101 > > JQin1 Zong1 1126 > > o Southern Song4 (Nan2 Song4) 1127-1279 > > Gao1 Zong1 (wZhao4 Gou4) 1127 > > Xiao4 Zong1 1163 > > Guang1 Zong1 1190 > > Ning2 Zong1 1195 > > Li1 Zong1 1225 > > Du4 Zong1 1265 > > Gong1 Di4 1275 > > Huan4 Zong1 1276 > > mDi4 Bing3 1278 > > . Liao2 |916-1125 > > Tai4 Zu3 (CYe2 L A1 Bao3 Ji1) 907 > > Tai4 Zong1 927 > > Shi4 Zong1 947 > > Mu4 Zong1 951 > > Jing3 Zong1 969 > > }Sheng4 Zong1 982 > > dXing1 Zong1 1031 > > Dao4 Zong1 1055 > > Tian1 Zuo4 Di4 1101 > > . Western Xia4 (Xi1 Xia4) 1032-1226 (The Tanguts hDang3Xiang4 [inhabited the > Ordos]) > > (Li3 Yuan2Hao4) 1032 > > Yi4 Zong1 1049 > > Hui4 Zong1 1057 > > Chong2 Zong1 1086 > > Ren2 Zong1 1140 > > Huan2 Zong1 1194 > > Xiang1 Zong1 1206 > > Shen2 Zong1 1211 > > IXian4 Zong1 1223 > > Nan2 Ping2 Wang2 1226 > > . Jin2 1115-1234 > > Tai4 Zu3 (FYuan2 Yan2 Min2) 1115 > > Tai4 Zong1 1123 > > Xi1 Zong1 1135 > > Hai3 Ling2 Wang2 1149 > > Shi4 Zong1 1161 > > Zhuang1 Zong1 1190 > > lBWei4 Shao4 Wang2 1209 > > Xuan4 Zong1 1213 > > Ai1 Zong1 1224 > > Mo4 Di4 1234 > > . Yuan2 1279-1368 > > o Mongol (Meng3 Gu3) Dynasty > > Tai4 Zu3 (FBei4 Er2 Zhi3 Jin1 Tie3 Mu4 Zhen1 / Temujin / Genghis Khan / > > Chingiz) 1206 > > Tuo1 Lei2 / ToLui (O) 1228 > > Tai4 Zong1 (C_�g�dei / �got�i) 1229 > > RNai3 Ma3 Zhen1 Hou4 / T�regene (QQueen Regent) Zhen1 1242 > > Ding4 Zong1 (FG�y�k) 1246 > > Hai3 Mi2 Shi1 Hou4 / Ogul Gaimysh / Oghul Qaimish (QQueen Regent) 1249 > > Xian4 Zong1 (M�ngke / M�ngk�) 1251 > > Shi4 Zu3 (Hu1 Bi4 Lie4 / Kublai Khan / Qubilai) 1260 > > Kublai Khan names his dynasty "Yuan2 " in 1271 and conquers Song4 China in > > 1279 > > o Yuan2 1279-1368 > > Shi4 Zu3 (Hu1 Bi4 Lie4 / Kublai Khan / Qubilai) 1279 > > Cheng2 Zong1 ( FTie3 Mu4 Er3 / Tem�r / Tem�r �ljeit�) 1295 > > Wu2 Zong1 (KhaiShan / Kuluk) 1308 > > Ren2 Zong1 (_Ayurparibhadra / Buyantu / Ayurbarwada) 1312 > > Ying1 Zong1 (TSudhipala / Shidebala) 1321 > > Tai4 Ding4 Di4 (OFYes�n Tem�r) 1324 > > Tian1 Shun4 Di4 (Asikipa / Aragibag) 1328 > > Wen2 Zong1 (DTogh Tem�r / Toq Tem�r) 1328 > > Ming2 Zong1 (Kushala / Qoshila) 1329 > > ** The last character in is unavailable in the Big5 Character set. It is > composed > > of although the Unicode 3.0 CJK UI Extention A now contains this character > at > > U+3EDD or 16093 . > > Ning2 Zong1 (U|Rinchen Pal / Irinjibal) 1332 > > Shun4 Di4 (Toghan Tem�r / Toghon Tem�r) 1333 > > . Ming2 1368-1661 > > Tai4 Zu3 (Zhu1 Yuan2 Zhuang1) 1368 > > Hui4 Di4 1399 > > Cheng2 Zu3 1403 > > Ren2 Zong1 1425 > > Xuan1 Zong1 1426 > > Ying1 Zong1 1436 > > Dai4 Zong1 1450 > > Ying1 Zong1 1457 > > Xian4 Zong1 1465 > > Xiao4 Zong1 1488 > > Wu3 Zong1 1506 > > Shi4 Zong1 1522 > > Mu4 Zong1 1567 > > Shen2 Zong1 1573 > > Guang1 Zong1 1620 > > Xi1 Zong1 1621 > > Si1 Zong1 1628 > > . Qing1 1636-1911 > > Also known as the Man3 Zhou1 Manchu MDynasty > > o Later Jin1 1616-1636 > > Tai4 Zu3 Tian1 Ming4 > > (X_Ai4 Xin1 Jue2 Luo2 Nu2 Er3 Ha3 Chi4, Aisin Gioro Nurhachi) 1616 > > Tai4 Zong1 Tian1 Cong1 1627 > > Shi4 Zu3 Shun4 Zhi4 1634 > > Shun4 Zhi4 changes the dynastic name Later Jin1 to Qing1 in 1636, > > conquering Ming China in 1644 > > o Qing1 1644 - 1911 > > Shi4 Zu3 Shun4 Zhi4 1644 > > }Sheng4 Zu3 Kang1 Xi1 1662 > > Shi4 Zong1 Yong1 Zheng4 1723 > > Gao1 Zong1 Qian2 Long2 1736 > > Ren2 Zong1 cJia1 Qing4 1796 > > Xuan1 Zong1 Dao4 Guang1 1821 > > Wen2 Zong1 SXian2 Feng1 1851 > > Mu4 Zong1 Tong2 Zhi4 1862 > > De2 Zong2 wGuang2 Xu4 1875 > > xPu3 Yi4 yXuan1 Tong3 1909 > > o Kingdom of Heavenly Peace (Tai4 Ping2 Tian1 Guo2) 1850-1864 > > Hong2 Xiu4 Quan2 (b.1813 d. 1864) 1850 > > Hong2 Xiu4 Quan is said to have commited suicide by taking poison, and was > > suceeded by his son, > > FHong2 Tian1Gui4 Fu2 (b. 23 Nov 1849 d. 18 Nov 1864) 1864 > > The Fu2 character in Hong2 Tian1Gui4 Fu2 Fwas appended to his > > name by his father when he was twelve years old. TianGui Fu continues the > > Tai4 Ping2 Tian1 Guo2 until his surrender, capture and execution of his > > followers. He dies a few days before his fifteenth birthday having succeeded > his > > father for just over five and a half months. > > o MMan1 Zhou1 Guo2 (Manchukuo) Puppet State 1932 - 1945 > > (X_xAi4 Xin1 Jue2 Luo2 Pu3 Yi4 / Aisin Gioro Pu Yi ) 1932-1945 > > PuYi becomes Emperor of Manchukuo, 28 January 1932. Abidicated 15 August > > 1945 after Japanese surrender. Later, he was captured by the Communists and > > reeducated, gaining a pardon on 4 December 1959 and dies in 1967. > > Modern China : Presidents of the Republic > > . Republic of China A1912 - > > OSun1 Wen2 (b. 1866 - d. 1925) > > (OSun1 Zhong1 Shan1, OSun1 Yi4 Xian1 / Sun Yat Sen) Jan - Feb 1912 > > Proclaimed provisional president of the new Republic of China, with > negotiations > > occuring with the XuanTong court for the emperors abdication (Feb 1912). > > PYuan2 Shi4 Kai (Y�an Shi-k'ai b. 1859 d. 1916) March 1912 - 6 June 1916 > > As part of the terms of the abdication, Yuan Shikai replaces Sun YatSen and > becomes > > the new provisional in March. He tries to proclaim himself Emperor in > January 1916, > > and forced by public opposition to abandon that. He dies naturally, and the > Age of the > > Warlords effectively begins. > > yrAge of the Warlords1916-1928 > > Northern (Beijing) Regime > > Li Yuanhong (Li Y�an-hung) 1916-1917 > > TFeng Guozhang (Feng Kuo-chang) 1917-1918 > > Xu Shichang (Hs� Shih-ch'ang) 1918-1922 > > Li Yuanhong (Li Y�an-hung) 1922-1923 > > KCao Gun (Ts'ao Kun) 1923 > > Duan Qirui (Tuan Chi-jui) 1924 > > Southern (VGuangzhou and Nanchang) Regimes > > Sun Wen 1921-1925 > > Sun having spent some time in exile in Japan and in the West, returns to > China, > > and seeing the outcome of the age of Warlordism, tries to set up a rival > > powerbase in Guangzhou. Since the foreign powers does not recognise the > > southern parliament, the Guangzhou rump parliament suffers from lack of > > financial support. Sun dies and succeeded by Generalissimo Jiang Jieshi. > > YJiang3 Jie4 Shi2 (Chiang Kai-Shek) 1925 - 1928 > > After the death of Sun YatSen, Jiang sets about bringing China under > control, > > defeating the Warlords in the north and when he takes Beijing/Peking, he is > > recognised as the true government of China. > > Nationalist Government, China > > YJiang JieShi (Chiang Kai-Shek) 1928 - 1949 > > China becomes a one party state under the "Organic Law" of 1928. Jiang > > contends with the Japanese occupation in the puppet state of Manchukuo, > > Communists, and natural disasters. The economy suffers inflation. After > > Japanese departure, civil war leads to defeat where the nationalists flee to > > Taiwan in December 1948 with 2 million supporters. > > Nationalist government moved to Taiwan 1949 - present > > YJiang2 Jie4 Shi2 (Chiang Kai-Shek) 1949 - 1975 > > After Chiang KaiShek's death, Vice President Yen Chia-kan (Yan2 Jia1 Gan4 > > ) becomes the acting president 1975 - 1978 > > YChiang Ching-Kuo (b. 1910 d. 1988) 1978 - 1988 > > xLi3 Deng1 Hui1 / Lee Teng-hui (b. 1923) 1988 - 2000 > > Chen2 Shui3 Bian3 (b. 1951) 2000 - > > Communists > > |Mao ZeDong 1931 - 1949 > > Mao leads a band of Communist followers on what will become known as The > Long > > March when Jiang attacks them. Civil war occurs after the departure of the > Japanese > > forces, and won by the communists in 1949. > > . People's Republic of China A1949 - present > > |Mao2 Ze2 Dong1 / Mao Tse-Tung (b. 1893) 1949 - 1976 > > After Mao ZeDong's death, Prime Minister Hua4 Guo2 Feng1 (Ah) becomes acting > head of > > state 1976-1977 > > Deng4 Xiao3 Ping2 (b. 1902) 1976 - 1997 > > Jiang1 Ze2 Ming2 (b. 1926) 1997 - > > References > > . Si Jiao Hao Ma Xin Ci Dian a~, Shang Wu Yin Shu Guan ^ > > . Shang Wu Xin Zi Dian , Shang Wu Yin Shu Guan ^ > > . Benesse KanWa Jiten ho > > . From Emperor to Citizen, The Autobiography of Aisin-Gioro Pu Yi. Transl. > W.J.F. Jenner > > . God's Chinese Son, (The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Hong XiuQuan), > Jonathan Spence. Harper > > Collins, 1996. ISBN 0-00-255584-0. > > . A History of China, J.A.G. Roberts, Macmillan, ISBN 0-333-65426-9 > > . The Cambridge illustrated history of China, Patricia Buckley Ebrey, > Cambridge University Press, ISBN > > 0-521-43519-6 pbk / ISBN 0-521-66991-X hbk > > . Modern China - An Illustrated History, J.A.G. Roberts, Sutton Pub. ISBN > 0-86299-847-6 > > . The Concise Encyclopedia of World History. Rodney Castleden > > . Ancestors - 900 Years in the Life of a Chinese Family, Frank Ching, > Harrap, ISBN 0-245-54675-8 > > . The Mongols, E.D. Phillips. Thames and Hudson. 1969 > > . The Mongol Warriors - Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan, H�leg�, Tamerlane. > David > Nicolle. 1990. ISBN > > 1-85314-104-6 > > . Ghengis Khan - Conqueror of the World. Leo De Hartog. I. B. Taurus > (publ.). 1989. ISBN 1-86064-375-2 > > > Plus tambahan untuk dinasti dalam Islam > seperti dibawah ini, untuk direnungkan. :)) > > ----- Original Message ----- > From: "Dwi W. Soegardi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > > > > Pertanyaannya, apa kriteria khilafah yang "resmi" itu? > > Sekedar informasi, berikut ini adalah daftar khilafah dalam sejarah islam: > 1. Ummayyah (661-750) > 2. Abbasiyah (750-1258) > 3. Umayyah II (780-1031) > 3. Buyids (945-1055) > 4. Fatimiyah (909-1171) > 5. Saljuk (1055-1194) > 6. Ayyubid (1169-1260) > 7. Mamluks (1250-1517) > 8. Ottoman (1280-1922) > 9. Safavid (1501-1722) > 10. Mughal (1526-1857) > > Karena sering "overlap", panteslah sering terjadi "penggal-memenggal" > kepala antar khilafah. > > salam, > Ari Condro > > ----- Original Message ----- > From: "Carla Annamarie" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > > i think u re misinterpret my statement...:))..im not denying that perhaps > in Arabs ppl there're also philosopher and thinker..(i also read abt Ibnu > sina and al-farabi btw) .and im not denying klo memang terdapat kejayaan > peradaban Islam amongst Islam ppl and islamic countries, tp klo mo > diperbandingkan dgn peradaban2 dunia yang lain kyknya jauh bgt yaa.., for > example peradaban china... > > > > > > *************************************************************************** > Berdikusi dg Santun & Elegan, dg Semangat Persahabatan. Menuju Indonesia yg > Lebih Baik, in Commonality & Shared Destiny. www.ppi-india.org > *************************************************************************** > __________________________________________________________________________ > Mohon Perhatian: > > 1. Harap tdk. memposting/reply yg menyinggung SARA (kecuali sbg otokritik) > 2. Pesan yg akan direply harap dihapus, kecuali yg akan dikomentari. > 3. Lihat arsip sebelumnya, www.ppi-india.da.ru; > 4. Satu email perhari: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > 5. No-email/web only: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > 6. kembali menerima email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Yahoo! Groups Links > > > > > > > > *************************************************************************** Berdikusi dg Santun & Elegan, dg Semangat Persahabatan. Menuju Indonesia yg Lebih Baik, in Commonality & Shared Destiny. www.ppi-india.org *************************************************************************** __________________________________________________________________________ Mohon Perhatian: 1. Harap tdk. memposting/reply yg menyinggung SARA (kecuali sbg otokritik) 2. Pesan yg akan direply harap dihapus, kecuali yg akan dikomentari. 3. Lihat arsip sebelumnya, www.ppi-india.da.ru; 4. Satu email perhari: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 5. No-email/web only: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 6. kembali menerima email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ppiindia/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
