Hhhmmm, sejak kapan Assasin menyebar ke Eropa ? Sepengetahuan saya, mereka berasal dari Syiah Ismailliyyah yang berasal dari Persia/Iran. Dan aawalnya adalah sebuah perang gerilya, belakangan berkembang menjadi perlawanan juga terhadap pasukan Eropa yang menjadi tentara di jaman Perang Salib / Crusade. Berikut ini beberapa info ttg Hassashin.
Kisah kaum assasin ismaili di Alamut. Mengomentari berita ttg teroris Irak yg diberi drug biar mantap sebelum meneror. Ini meneruskan kebiasaan kaum ismaili 'The Old Man of the Mountain' Alamut di abad 11. Di benteng Alamut itu diciptakan surga dunia, dimana anak2 muda yg masih piyik di bius dengan hashish dan di cekoki cewek 'prawan' terus2an -- setelah mengicipi surga ini, si bego kemudian diperintahkan membunuh orang secara suicidal - dengan janji bahwa dia akan memperoleh yg sama setelah modiar. Sekte ini jadi beken karena keberhasilan pembunuh2 suicidal nge-drug ini --> assasins. Sekte assasin ini -- mirip keluarga shinobi / ninja Jepang jaman tokugawa -- bertahan sangat lama, sampai akhirnya dibantai Hulagu mongol yg nggak takut preman blas. Sang leader 'The Old Man of the Mountain' di bunuh secara brutal oleh mongol2 itu. Mahdi ismaili ini juga nego dengan siapa saja yg bisa menguntungkan, tanpa prinsip, walau ngakunya 'orang suci'. http://www.users.bigpond.com/billmastermind/moments71.htm Initiates to the Sect had to take an oath of strict obedience to the Grand Master, the Dai-d-Duat. Their beliefs followed a communistic philosophy and they also believed that a redeemer, or Mahdi, would come one day and establish a regime of complete equality and brotherly love. Following Abdallah's death in 874 a peasant named Qarmat took over the leadership of the sect. His persuasive powers turned it into a powerful force that moved on to social revolution and a communistic state where property and women were held in common. They created armies that soon began to ravage the Middle East, defeating the Caliph's armies and even capturing and sacking the Holy City of Mecca in 930. But they eventually exhausted themselves and began to fade. However, their doctrines were passed on in the next century to the group whose name has entered the English language and politics, the 'Assassins'. Sometime in the eleventh century, at approximately 1090, the leader of the Ismailis, Hasan ibn al-Sabbah captured 'Alamut' a fortress atop a mountain in northern Persia. From that almost impregnable redoubt he and his followers carried on a reign of terror throughout the area and beyond against the sect's enemies. The Grand Master of the sect later became known to the Crusaders as, 'The Old Man of the Mountain'. The adherents of the sect were introduced to the pleasures of Paradise, as Muslims believed it to be. An earthly version had been created at Alamut. The believers were drugged with hashish before experiencing this wonderful life. When they were out of its influence they were told they would only experience it again if they followed the Grand Master's commands faithfully, or died in the effort. This was a fairly powerful inducement. Those who obeyed were called 'hashshasheen' drinkers of hashish. From that word comes the word assassin. Hasan dominated the sect for almost thirty-five years and made his headquarters on the mountaintop a centre of assassination, as well as art and education. The centre survived his death and continued to spread its influence throughout the region. It also joined in the Muslim effort to destroy the Crusaders who had come from Europe to drive the Muslims from the Holy Land. Nevertheless, like their modern day namesakes, they weren't above engaging in intrigue with their sworn enemies if it meant an advantage for the sect. - Under the Mongol warrior, Hulagu, the castles of the Assassins became prime targets in his campaign to conquer Iran and Iraq. The Mongols were masters in the art of siege warfare and in 1256 they took Alamut from the Sect. The last Grand Master was dispatched ignominiously, being kicked to death by the Mongol troops. It took more time to completely destroy the Sect's power in the area, but it was inevitable. Its members were hunted down and killed as enemies of established order. Still the Ismailis survived but without the added baggage of their assassin heritage. ----- Original Message ----- Carla Annamarie <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: peradaban Islam memang pernah jaya dalam menaklukan daerah2, dan itu tidak saya pungkiri, contohnya sebelum perang salib terjadi Islam telah melakukan expansi untuk menguasai spanyol, berusaha menyerang Vatikan dan menduduki Yerusalem, dan menyebar teror kepada peziarah nasrani yang berziarah ke Yerusalem . kata "assasin" berasal dari bhs Arab >means pembunuh bayaran, saat itu (orang2 arab yang adalah assasin > disebar dieropa utk melakukan pembunuhan2 scr gelap. sebenarnya bibit teror telah ada sejak jaman dulu. *************************************************************************** Berdikusi dg Santun & Elegan, dg Semangat Persahabatan. 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