Bagi yang mau memperluas cakrawala;..
--- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], "Dr. Christoph Heger" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Greetings to all, Some have identified Mecca with an ancient city called Bakkah, identified with the Biblical "valley of Baca" in Psalm 84, but this identification is fanciful. It is the result of a traditional misreading of surah 3:96 "Inna awwala baytin wudi`a li-n-n�si lalladh� bibakkata mub�rakan wa-hudan li-l-`alam�na" Since no other explanation of this hapax legomenon "bibakkata" (i.e. a word only to be found at this unique place) in the verse seemed possible, it was understood as "bi-Bakkata", with Bakkah allegedly being another name for Mecca (Arabic "Makkah"), giving the understanding: �The first house established for the people was that at Bakka [bibakkata], a place holy, and a guidance to all beings.� Koran scholar Christoph Luxenberg, Die syro-aram�ische Lesart des Koran. Ein Beitrag zur Entschl�sselung der Koransprache ["The Syro- Aramaic Reading of the Koran. A Contribution to Decyphering the Language of the Koran"], Berlin 2000, p. 302, however, reads: "Inna awwala baytin wudi`a li-n-n�si lalladh� tayyakahu mub�rakan wa-hudan li-l-`alam�na" meaning: �The first house [i.e. sacred house, shrine; Ch.H.] established for the people is that which He fenced in ["tayyakahu" instead of the misread "bi-Bakkata"] as a holy place and a guidance for the men.� The rasm, i.e. the Arabic script without all later invented diacritical marks, vowel signs etc., of both "bi-bakkata" and "tayyakahu" is exactly the same. In comparison with the traditional understanding of the verse Christoph Luxenberg's reading has four decisive advantages: 1) It doesn't need any fanciful invention like "bakkah" being another name for Makkah (Mecca) - an invention which finds no corroboration elsewhere. 2) It avoids the bad Arabic "bi-bakkah", understood as "in Bakkah", whereas - if Bakkah would mean a town - good Arabic style would prefer "f�-bakkah". 3) It makes good sense, since indeed the decisive character of an antique temple is any kind of "fence", which separates the "holy precinct" from the "profane" grounds. 4) The latter separation between the "holy precinct" from the profane grounds is confirmed in the verse which follows: "In it are signs manifest; the station of Ibrahim; whoever enters it attains security;" That's clearly an allusion to the fact that the "holy precinct" around the Kaaba, comprising the "station of Abraham", was the traditional place of asylum in Mecca (an asylum which however was reportedly not honoured by Muhammad, who ordered some opponents to me killed, which had fled to this place of asylum). Therefore this verse about the prerogatives of Mecca argubably is older than Muhammad's preaching. Kind regards, Christoph Heger --- End forwarded message --- ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Take a look at donorschoose.org, an excellent charitable web site for anyone who cares about public education! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_OLuKD/8WnJAA/cUmLAA/KlSolB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~- > Yahoo! Groups Links ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Has someone you know been affected by illness or disease? Network for Good is THE place to support health awareness efforts! http://us.click.yahoo.com/rkgkPB/UOnJAA/Zx0JAA/uTGrlB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> Post message: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subscribe : [EMAIL PROTECTED] Unsubscribe : [EMAIL PROTECTED] List owner : [EMAIL PROTECTED] Homepage : http://proletar.8m.com/ Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/proletar/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
