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Global progress seen in ending death penalty
Iraq executed more people in 2012 but Amnesty pleased with world's "overall
progress" towards ending capital punishment.
Last Modified: 10 Apr 2013 02:09
Despite setbacks, Amnesty is encouraged by signs of progress in the trend
toward ending the death penalty [AFP]
Iraq executed almost twice as many people last year compared to the year
before, while India and Pakistan resumed executions after abandoning the
practice for years, global human rights group Amnesty International said on
Tuesday.
In its annual report, Amnesty said China still led the top five countries
carrying out executions, followed by Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and the United
States.
Despite setbacks in several countries, the group said it was encouraged by
overall signs of progress in the global trend toward ending the death penalty.
In the US, nine states carried out executions in 2012, compared to 13 in the
previous year.
"In many parts of the world, executions are becoming a thing of the past," said
Salil Shetty, Amnesty's secretary-general. "Only one in 10 countries in the
world carries out executions. Their leaders should ask themselves why they are
still applying a cruel and inhumane punishment that the rest of the world is
leaving behind."
Amnesty, which opposes the death penalty without exception, counted 682
confirmed executions in 21 countries in 2012, two more than the tally in 2011,
and said at least 1,722 people were known to have been sentenced to death in 58
countries last year.
China leads
That figure does not include the number of executions in China, which executes
more people than any other country but keeps the data strictly secret.
Human rights activists estimate the annual figure at 6,000 to 8,000, but
Amnesty stopped publishing estimates on executions in China in 2009 because of
the lack of reliable data.
Hao Xingwang, a criminal law expert at Beijing's Renmin University, believed
that the number of executions would likely continue to fall as Beijing tightens
its regulations. Public support for the death penalty, however, would remain
strong for some years, he said.
"Most Chinese people believe the death penalty is necessary, but don't really
understand the risks and drawbacks. The concept of an eye-for-an-eye has been
well established since ancient times and will take a long time to change,'' Hao
said.
Iran came second on Amnesty's list, with 314 officially confirmed executions,
though the organisation said the actual number was almost certainly higher.
Iraq concerns
The group said it was gravely concerned by developments in Iraq, which executed
129 people last year, almost double the 68 executions it carried out in 2011.
Most of those sentenced to death in Iraq were convicted in terrorism-related
cases.
"Many trials of those sentenced to death failed to meet international standards
for fair trials, including the use of 'confessions' obtained under torture and
other ill treatment," said the report.
Defendants described how they suffered, for example, with being beaten with
cables, burned on the face with cigarettes and given electric shocks to the
hands.
In Asia, India carried out its first execution since 2004 when it put Ajmal
Kasab, the Pakistani gunman convicted in the 2008 Mumbai attacks, to death in
November. Pakistan also saw its first execution since 2008.
The US executed 43 people in 2012, the same figure as in the previous year. A
total of 77 new death sentences were imposed, the second lowest since the
Supreme Court revised capital punishment laws in 1976, Amnesty said.
Source:
Agencies
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