Lha perempuan itu buat orang Islam hakeketnya cuma sekedar lobang nonok buat dinetotin...
-- --- In [email protected], itemabu2 <itemabu2@...> wrote: > > Hehehe... ternyata hasil Islam melindungi cewek itu cuma segitu doang, > kalah dr negara2 kafir di Eropa, Amrik > > > http://womanstats.wordpress.com/2013/01/16/the-high-rape-scale-in-saudi-arabia/ > > The High Rape-Scale in Saudi Arabia > > January 16, 2013 § 4 > Comments<http://womanstats.wordpress.com/2013/01/16/the-high-rape-scale-in-saudi-arabia/#comments> > > Saudi Arabia is considered one of the most conservative countries in the > world, especially in regard to the status of women. Saudi Arabia is an > extreme Islamic country where its legal code is based on Shari'a Law. They > therefore believe that there is no separation between church and state and > the state's laws are heavily based on Islamic teachings. Because of this > strict Islamic culture, women in Saudi Arabia are treated and acknowledged > very differently than the women who live in the west. For example, in Saudi > Arabia, there are laws that require women to wear a hijab, a head scarf, as > well as dress in loose, long garments that do not show the shape of the > woman's body. To do so would be shameful and secular. There are other laws > such as this one that are meant to protect the virtue of women in Saudi > Arabia. > > [image: 1st map] > <http://womanstats.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/1st-map.png>Knowing > this about Saudi Arabia, I had assumed that women there would be relatively > safe since there are such strict laws regarding the protection of a woman's > virtue. I assumed incorrectly when I was studying a WomanStats map that > displayed the rape scale of each country in the world. On a scale from one > to five, Saudi Arabia had a ranking of a four. I was confused by this > since, as briefly described above, Saudi Arabia is considered one of the > most conservative countries in the world where women are highly secluded. I > would have thought these practices and laws would have decreased the rape > rate substantially. > > The question I pose then is this, why does Saudi Arabia, one of the most > conservative countries in the world have one of the highest rape scales in > the world? > > While there are many interconnecting reasons why rape occurs so often in > Saudi Arabia, I have chosen four possible causes to narrow down the > research for this project. The four causes I have chosen are one, a secular > society, two, insufficient laws, three, taboos against reporting rape and > four, an ineffective judicial system. > Secular Society > > The first cause, a secular society, was quickly dismissed because as was > mentioned in the introduction, Saudi Arabia is considered one of the most > conservative countries in the world. The society of Saudi Arabia is > especially conservative when it comes to women. For example, it is illegal > for women to drive or intermingle in public with males that are not related > to them. It is also illegal for a woman to go out in public without a > male-escort who is related to her as well as go out in public without > wearing her hijab (WomanStats). Violence or legal prosecution usually > ensues if any of these are broken. To further illustrate this point, the > following maps show how strict Saudi Arabia is in regard to dress code and > intermingling in public laws compared to the rest of the Middle East, a > very conservative region itself. > > [image: 2] <http://womanstats.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/2.png>[image: > 3]<http://womanstats.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/3.png> > > It is clear from these maps that Saudi Arabia has one of the strictest > dress codes and intermingling laws in the Middle East which is the most > conservative region in the world. Based on these findings, one would sense > that these women are highly secluded from society and thereby would be more > protected from instances of rape and other forms of violence. On the other > hand, one may argue that because women are treated so differently, they > could be seen as inferior and thus suffer more abuse because of the lack of > secularism. > Insufficient Laws Against Rape > > The next probable cause studied was the possibility of insufficient laws > against rape in Saudi Arabia. Since there were reported convictions of > rapists, it can be assumed that there are laws against rape. Also, Saudi > Arabia's legal code is based on the Shari'a law, which criminalizes rape as > punishable by death. However, spousal rape is not included in this > criminalization according to Shari'a law. Although these laws exist against > rapists, the actual conviction process is complicated and nearly > impossible. In order for a perpetrator to be convicted he or she must > confess or there must be four witnesses of the act (FreedomHouse). Usually > in these certain circumstances, there are only two witnesses present, the > perpetrator and the victim. Since it would be hard for a victim to find > four witnesses, it is very unlikely that a perpetrator would admit to such > a heinous act that he or she could very well get away with. Another example > of the insufficient laws against rape is that foreign female domestic > workers, which consists of 1.5 million of foreign nationals, receive no > protection from the labor laws and are more prone to be victims of abuse. > Based on this research, it can be concluded that while there are laws > against rape, the actual conviction of rapists is very rare. This could be > a plausible cause of the high rape scale since the punishment of such an > act hardly occurs. > Taboos Against Reporting Rape > > The third possible cause of a high rape scale in Saudi Arabia is the taboos > against reporting rape. There are many social stigmas that scare women away > from reporting a rape to the police. One social stigma is that in many > instances, the law enforcer will accuse the woman of having illicit sex > instead of accusing the man of the crime (FreedomHouse). As a consequence > of this accusation, societal reprisals take place such as a woman being > seen as unfit for marriage or even violently punished for bringing shame to > the family. In some extreme cases, honor killings have been committed > against women who have been raped (Zoepf). One may wonder why these crimes > take place if the laws in Saudi Arabia are supposedly meant to protect > women. There is another cultural stigma that plays a role here. In Islamic > society, a family's honor, particularly the male family member's honor is > based on the purity and virtue of the women in their family. If a woman in > the family becomes "violated" either by choice or by force, the family's > honor is seemingly stripped from them. It is not so much about the concern > over the woman but over the honor of the men. Because of this engrained > belief, already victimized women are sometimes further victimized by their > own family members. This causes great fear among the women in these types > of societies and if one is raped, it is very unlikely that she will report > it based on the potential ensuing consequences. > Ineffective Judicial System > > The last possible cause studied was an ineffective judicial system. As was > mentioned before, Saudi Arabia's legal code is based on the Shari's law, an > extreme version of the Islamic code. Because of this, women are not given > the same rights as men, especially when it comes to the courts. For > example, in most cases, women are unable to speak for themselves in court. > They must be represented by a male-relative or lawyer. It is considered > shameful for a woman to speak to the sheik or judge and is only sometime > allowed to do so if her face is covered (WomanStats). Because of this, if a > woman is raped, and a man's honor is based on her virtue, what male > relative would want to shed further light on the subject by representing > her? Also a man's testimony is worth two women's testimonies. So if a woman > had four witnesses to testify against the perpetrator, if some of them were > women, the number of females would have to be doubled for the accusation to > be considered. > > Another clause of the judicial system is that most clerics were taught in > Wahhabi schools where extreme Islam is taught extensively. Because of this, > most clerics demand the seclusion of women and often hold an unforgiving > attitude toward accusations of violence against men (WomanStats). A Saudi > Arabian attorney even said, "Unfortunately, judges consider women to be > lacking in reason and faith, so generally do not agree with her arguments" > (HumanRights). > > The following stories illustrate the point explained above. The first is > about a young girl who was being molested by her father. She went to the > courts to file a complaint. The law enforcers did not believe her and told > her, her father needed to come in to file the complaint (Economist). The > obvious ignorance need not be explained in this situation. The next story > tells of a nineteen year-old woman who met a man not related to her in a > car. They were both kidnapped by a gang and she was then gang-raped > fourteen times. Seven men of the gang were convicted and were sentenced to > prison ranging from one to five years. This was a light conviction given > they could have received the death penalty according to the law. The woman > was also convicted to six months of prison as well as ninety lashes for > being associating with a male who was not related to her in public > (Harrison). The woman was later pardoned by the King of Saudi Arabia, not > because he disagreed with the punishment but because he was being merciful > and thought it was best for the whole of the country, not to mention > international relations with countries that were in an absolute uproar over > the ordeal (Zoepf). > > Based on my research I propose that the main perpetrator of the high > rape-scale in Saudi Arabia is the lack of conviction of rapists due to the > taboos against reporting rape and the ineffective judicial system. If > perpetrators are not being punished then there is little incentive to not > rape woman if that is the desire. To illustrate how low the conviction rate > actually is, in 2002, there were 59 reported rapes out of a population of > 26,534,504 (WomanStats) The perpetrators are getting away with a heinous > crime and the Saudi Arabian government must pass more effective legislation > that enables law enforcers to convict those criminals. The social stigmas > will be very difficult to overcome regarding seeing a woman unfit for > marriage or taking away the family's honor because of being raped. However, > if women continue to speak up about the issues they face, solutions will > come, just as they have in other parts of the world. Also international > pressure must always be present to give those women courage to stand up. > > By TS > > References > > Double indemnity a bizarre application of the law. (2007, Novem 22). *The > Economist*, Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/node/10191773 > > Eleanor Abdella Doumato, Rowman & Littlefield. (2012, April 4). Freedom > House, Saudi Arabia Freedom House Report. Retrieved from > http://www.freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/inline_images/Saudi%20Arabia.pdf > > Harrison, F. (2007, Novemeber 15). Saudi Gang-Rape Victim is Jailed. *BBC*. > Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7096814.stm > > *Womanstats project*. (n.d.). Retrieved from > http://womanstats.org/CodebookCurrent.htm > > United States Department of State, Country Reports on Human Rights- Saudi > Arabia, 2007 > > Zoepf, K. (2007, Decem 18). Saudi king pardons rape victim sentenced to be > lashed, saudi paper reports.*The New York Times*. Retrieved from > http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/18/world/middleeast/18saudi.html > > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] > ------------------------------------ Post message: [email protected] Subscribe : [email protected] Unsubscribe : [email protected] List owner : [email protected] Homepage : http://proletar.8m.com/Yahoo! 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