http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/sep/15/healthandwellbeing

Scientists recruit worms for fight against asthma
  a.. James Randerson, science correspondent 
  b.. The Guardian 
  c.. Saturday September 15 2007 
It sounds like something a medieval physician would prescribe to clear up the 
pox, but 21st-century medical scientists are using bloodsucking, parasitic 
worms to treat patients with asthma.

The researchers hope the worms could even prove effective against conditions 
such as Crohn's disease, hay fever and multiple sclerosis, in which the immune 
system overreacts. It is thought that, to save themselves, the worms tone down 
the inflammatory part of the body's immune response - and so may help 
counteract the symptoms of such diseases. 

"The immune system is being engaged by this low level of infection in a way 
that we hope will be of benefit to each patient," said David Pritchard at the 
University of Nottingham.

The notion of using hookworms as treatments comes from scientists noticing that 
diseases such as Crohn's and MS do not seem to affect people in regions such as 
Ethiopia where the worms are rife. If people have hundreds in their gut it can 
lead to iron deficiency and anaemia, but Professor Pritchard and his team are 
investigating whether small doses of the 1.5cm worms are useful as a treatment 
for immune diseases. 

So far results are encouraging - although far from conclusive. The team has 
done two small trials to work out what dose of the worms would be safe for 
patients.

Although it was testing for safety, not efficacy, Prof Pritchard said that many 
of the patients in a hay fever trial had opted not to have the worms removed 
with tablets at the end because they had seen an improvement in their symptoms.

The team is now embarking on a larger trial in patients with asthma to work out 
whether the hookworms actually diminish symptoms.


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