Khamar..
Di diet Laut Tengah itu ada khamar.
Dan orang Islam yang memang dungu-dunguy kayak anjing
itu mengharamkan khamar.
Allahu Akbar.
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Mediterranean diet
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For cuisine, see Cuisine of the Mediterranean.
The Mediterranean diet is a modern[1] nutritional
model inspired by the traditional dietary patterns of
some of the countries of the Mediterranean Basin,
particularly Greece and Southern Italy.
Common to the traditional diets of these regions are a
high consumption of fruit and vegetables, bread, wheat
and other cereals, olive oil, fish, and red wine. The
diet is often cited as beneficial for being low in
saturated fat and high in monounsaturated fat and
dietary fiber.
Although it was first publicized in 1945 by the
American doctor Ancel Keys stationed in Salerno,
Italy, the Mediterranean diet failed to gain
widespread recognition until the 1990s. It is based on
what from the point of view of mainstream nutrition is
considered a paradox: that although the people living
in Mediterranean countries tend to consume relatively
high amounts of fat, they have far lower rates of
cardiovascular disease than in countries like the
United States, where similar levels of fat consumption
are found.
One of the main explanations is thought to be the
large amount of olive oil used in the Mediterranean
diet. Unlike the high amount of animal fats typical to
the American diet, olive oil lowers cholesterol levels
in the blood.[2] It is also known to lower blood sugar
levels and blood pressure.[2] Research indicates olive
oil prevents peptic ulcers and is effective in
treatment of peptic ulcer disease,[3] and may be a
factor in preventing cancer.[4] In addition, the
consumption of red wine is considered a possible
factor, as it contains flavonoids with powerful
antioxidant properties.[5]
Dietary factors may be only part of the reason for the
health benefits enjoyed by these cultures. Genetics,
lifestyle (notably heavy physical labor), and
environment may also be involved.
Concerns remain whether the diet provides adequate
amounts of all nutrients, particularly calcium and
iron. Nonetheless, green vegetables, a good source of
calcium and iron, are used in the Mediterranean diet
as well as goat cheese, a good source of calcium.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Medical research
* 2 References
* 3 See also
* 4 External links
[edit] Medical research
The Seven Country Study[6] found that Cretan men had
exceptionally low death rates from heart disease,
despite moderate to high intake of fat. The Cretan
diet is similar to other traditional Mediterranean
diets: consisting mostly of olive oil, bread, abundant
fruit and vegetables, a moderate amount of wine, and
fat-rich animal products such as lamb, sausage and
goat cheese.[7][8][9] However, the Cretan diet
consisted of less fish and wine consumption than some
other Mediterranean-style diets, such as the diet in
Corfu, another region of Greece, which had higher
death rates.[citation needed]
The Lyon Heart Study[10] set out to mimic the Cretan
diet, but adopted a pragmatic approach. Realizing that
some of the people in the study (all of whom had
survived a first heart attack) would be reluctant to
move from butter to olive oil, they used a margarine
based on rapeseed (canola) oil. The dietary change
also included 20% increases in vitamin C rich fruit
and bread and decreases in processed and red meat. On
this diet, mortality from all causes was reduced by
70%. This study was so successful that the ethics
committee decided to stop the study prematurely so
that the results of the study could be made available
to the public immediately.[11]
[edit] References
1. ^ Alberto Capatti et al., Italian Cuisine: A
Cultural History, p. 106.; Silvano Serventi and
Francoise Sabban, Pasta, p. 162.
2. ^ a b Mayo Clinic. "Olive Oil: Which Type Is
Best?." ScienceDaily 14 August 2007. 19 November 2007
3. ^ American Chemical Society. "New Potential
Health Benefit Of Olive Oil For Peptic Ulcer Disease."
ScienceDaily 14 February 2007. 19 November 2007
4. ^ Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. "New Year's Resolution No. 1:
Prevent Cancer, Use Olive Oil." ScienceDaily 12
December 2006. 19 November 2007
5. ^ Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. "Chemical In Red Wine, Fruits
And Vegetables May Stop Cancer, Heart Disease,
Depending On The Dose." ScienceDaily 1 November 2007.
19 November 2007
6. ^ "Coronary Heart Disease in Seven Countries,"
Circulation, (1970), 41(Suppl I):I-1--I-211.
7. ^ Willett, W.C., et al, American Journal of
Clinical Nutrition, June 1995, 61(6S):1402S - 1406S
8. ^ Perez-Llamas, F., et.al., J Hum Nutr Diet, Dec
1996, 9:6:463-471
9. ^ Alberti-Fidanza, A., et.al., European Journal
of Clinical Nutrition, Feb 1994, 48:2:85-91
10. ^ Lyon Heart Study
11. ^ de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I,
Delaye J, Mamelle N. (1999). "Mediterranean diet,
traditional risk factors, and the rate of
cardiovascular complications after myocardial
infarction: final report of the Lyon Diet Heart
Study.". Circulation 99 (6): 779-85. PMID 9989963.
* Martin Bruegel, "Alimentary identities,
nutritional advice, and the uses of history" [1]
* Bruno Simini, "Serge Renaud: from French paradox
to Cretan miracle" The Lancet 355:9197:48 (1 January
2000) at Science Direct (subscription)
[edit] See also
* Argentine cuisine
* Catalan cuisine
* Cuisine of the Mediterranean
* Cuisine of Cyprus
* Egyptian cuisine
* Gibraltarian cuisine
* Greek cuisine
* Italian cuisine
* Lebanese cuisine
* Maltese cuisine
* Mediterranean Diet Foundation
* Moroccan cuisine
* Palestinian Cuisine
* Pescetarianism
* Portuguese cuisine
* Spanish cuisine
* Turkish cuisine
[edit] External links
* Secrets of the Mediterranean Diet, European Food
Information Council
* American Heart Association recommendations for
the Mediterranean diet
* Mediterranean Diet Leads To Longer Life, Science
Daily (full paper at the British Medical Journal)
* Mediterranean diet halves risk of progressive
lung disease EurekAlert May 14, 2007
* The Mediterranean Diet Pyramid, Oldways
Retrieved from
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_diet";
Categories: All articles with unsourced statements |
Articles with unsourced statements since February 2007 |
---------------
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