Saya kira dukungan terhadap jihadis semacam al-Qaeda
yang dipimpin Bin Laden atau Jemaah Islamiyah yang
konon dipimpin Baayir itu sudah mengalami pasang
surut, dan sungguh kecil kemungkinan akan naik
kembali.
Horor penyerududukan WTC oleh pesawat terbang, bomb
Bali, Madrid dll. susah untuk didukung secara
terang-trangan oleh banyak orang Islam sendiri.
Tapi apakah bahaya penindasan manusia (artinya orang
Islam juga) oleh orang Islam akan berkurang?
Ya nggak.
Jangan kita lupa: bila TIDAK banyak orang Islam yang
dengan terang-terangan mendukung horor WTC, Bali,
Madrid dll. itu yang terang-terangan mengutuk juga
tidak begitu banyak.
Naiknya kembali Ikhwanul Muslimin (Muslim Brotherhood)
ini adalah salah satu pertanda bahwa orang Islam
tukagn tindas sedang mencari jalan baru untuk
menindas.
Mereka akan pakai jalan yang tidakpenuh darah.
PKS di Indonesia juga - saya khawatirkan - akan
didukung rame-rame oleh orang Islam yang selama ini
mendukung Jemmah Islamiyah.
Gerakan sekuler di Indoneisa kudu datang dengan
alternatif yang kredibel...
Dan saya tidak melihat adanya pertandaa kearah itu.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 02, 2008
19:38 MECCA TIME, 16:38 GMT
Rise of the Muslim Brotherhood
By Atef Dalgamouni
Hassan al-Banna was assassinated in 1949 but his
writings influenced a new cadre of
Muslim Brotherhood members
Intially established in a small town in Egypt by
Hassan al-Banna, a school teacher, in 1928, the Muslim
Brotherhood has grown into a global organisation and
is regarded as the oldest organised Islamic movement
in modern history.
Al-Banna, who was born in 1906 and had a religious
upbringing, was influenced by earlier Muslim scholars
such as al-Afghani, al-Kawakibi and Muhammad Rasheed
Reda, who wrote on the status of the Arab and Muslim
worlds and the urgent need for reform.
Al-Banna wanted to revive the Islamic Ummah - nation -
and re-establish it once again as a world leader
rather than a follower of nations.
He stated that the Brotherhood's goals were to
establish an Islamic state based on the principles and
edicts of the Quran, as well as the sunnah, the oral
traditions and actions of the Prophet Muhammad.
He also firmly espoused his opposition to
authoritarian rule, which was enshrined in one of the
first basic tenets of the Brotherhood: "To confirm
unequivocally that people are the source of all power
so that it is not permissible for any one individual,
party, group or institution to claim the right to
authority, or to continue in power except with the
consent of the people."
Methodology
Arab Unity Rising
In-depth coverage of nationalism in the 1920s
Al-Banna saw in Islam a perfectly forumlated
methodology to ensure a healthy, happy and prosperous
livelihood for the Ummah; Islam was not merely a
religion as it was understood in the west, but a
complete way of life.
Islam defined the relationship between man and God,
man and fellow man; it also dealt at length with such
issues as politics, economics, and the environment.
For the Brotherhood, Islam is a social system for the
benefit of mankind not just the adherents of the
faith.
Al-Banna also said that one of the principle goals of
the Brotherhood is to get rid of all foreign
occupations of Muslim lands and the elimination of
western influence on Muslims.
In more recent times the Muslim Brotherhood group has
vehemently opposed the Israeli occupation of Palestine
and US occupations of Afghanistan and Iraq.
This is exemplified in the group's slogan: "Allah is
our aim, the Prophet is our leader, the Quran is our
Constitution, and Jihad for the sake of God is highest
desire".
Changing stages
Some principles of the Muslim Brotherhood
Total commitment to, and the respect of, the principle
of power exchange through free and fair general
elections
To confirm the freedom of personal conviction
(religious convictions)
To confirm the freedom of establishing religious rites
for all heavenly religions
To confirm the freedom of opinion and the right to
publicize it, and to call, peacefully, to it, within
the limitations of the moral values of society that
are detailed in the first section of the constitution.
An important consideration in ensuring the above is
the freedom of owning and using the different mass
media outlets
The right of every citizen( man or woman) to take part
in parliamentary elections
The right of every citizen to become a member of the
parliament through elections
The army must stay clear of politics, concentrating
only on protecting the countrys external security,
and that it should not be used, neither directly nor
indirectly, by the governing authority in enforcing
its wishes and control, or in prohibiting people's
rights.
Throughout its 80-year history the Brotherhood has
been impacted by three principal transformative
stages.
The first - considered its founding stage - when
al-Banna laid down the main principles of the movement
which spread across Egypt and spilled over into other
parts of the Arab World lasted from 1928 to 1949.
During this stage, Al-Banna formed a highly secretive
armed wing of the Brotherhood which influenced the
behaviour of the group as a whole.
Al-Banna was assassinated in 1949, which ushered in
the second stage of the Brotherhood's development.
The Brotherhood worked closely with the army officers
and civilians who participated in the 1952 coup that
overthrew the Egyptian monarchy. But soon after, the
coup leaders turned against the Muslim Brotherhood and
outlawed it and other political movements and parties.
For the next 20 years, the group faced numerous crises
including political persecution and imprisonment,
chiefly during the 1950s and 60s, under Gamal Abdel
Nasser, the Egyptian president.
In 1954, Nasser survived an assassination attempt
which he blamed on the Brotherhood and he moved to
quickly jail hundreds of its members.
The persecution of the Islamist group pushed many
members to flee Egypt to other Arab and Muslim
countries, thereby extending the Brotherhood's
influence regionally, and then, globally.
In 1966, Sayyid Qutb, a senior Muslim Brotherhood
member was executed by the Egyptian government. A
prolific writer, Qutb's ideologies would survive him
and influence the rise of a newer, more radicalised
offshoot of Islamists.
Ayman Al-Zawahiri, currently al-Qaeda's
second-in-command, is thought to have been influenced
by the execution of Qutb.
Reform
In 1970, Nasser died and was succeeded by Anwar Sadat.
The third stage of the Brotherhood's development began
in 1971 and lasts to this day. During this period, the
Brotherhood began to reform and adopt increasingly
more moderate political positions to appeal to a wider
range of people.
The senior leadership in the group came to realise
that staying outside the political scene is not
benefiting the movement so they decided to form civil
political parties to run for elections in Egypt and
Jordan. Though the constitutions in both the countries
prohibited religioun-based parties from participating
in parliamentary elections, civil political parties
were exempted.
As a result, throughout the 1990s, the Brotherhood in
Egypt and Jordan gained significant foothold in
political associations and unions.
In recent parliamentary elections in both the
countries, the Brotherhood fielded independent
candidates and won the largest share of seats since
1928.
However, the trend was reversed during parliamentary
elections in Egypt in 2005 and 2006. The Brotherhood
accused the Egyptian government of vote-rigging.
This scenario was repeated in Jordan where the
Brotherhood accused the government of vote fraud
during the parliamentary and municipal elections in
2007.
But Hamas, the Islamist resistance movement in
Palestine which considers itself an offshoot of the
Muslim Brotherhood, won a stunning victory in
legislative elections in January 2006.
The poll victory stunned the US and Israel who moved
quickly to isolate Hamas financially and politically.
Non-violence
As the Brotherhood transformed itself into an
effective political outfit, it also outlined its
rejection of all manners of violence.
One of the recently adopted tenets states: "
We
reiterate our rejection of any form of violence and
coercion as well as all forms of coups which destroy
the unity of any nation ... these methods would create
a great crack in the wall of political stability."
The ideology of the Brotherhood also differs greatly
with the one espoused by al-Qaeda. The Brotherhood
members distance themselves from the acts and tactics
of Al Qaeda.
Human rights are endorsed by the Brotherhood in its
published documents.
On the women's rights issue they have shown a great
deal of openness and enlisted women to run for
parliamentary elections.
In its March 2004 reform initiative, the Brotherhood
declared: "Our only hope to achieve progress in all
the aspects of life is by retuning to our religion and
implementing our Sharia ... We have a clear
mission-working to put in place Allah's law, on the
basis of our belief that it is the real, effective way
out of our problems-domestic or external, political,
economic, social or cultural.
"This is to be achieved by forming the Muslim
individual, the Muslim home, the Muslim government,
and the state which will lead the Islamic states,
reunite the scattered Muslims, restore their glory,
retrieve for them their lost lands and stolen
homelands, and carry the banner of the call to Allah
in order to make the world happy with Islams
blessings and instructions."
However, there are members within the Brotherhood who
believe that the group should abandon politics and
re-focus on providing social services.
Source: Al Jazeera
---------------
Jusfiq Hadjar gelar Sutan Maradjo Lelo
Allah yang disembah orang Islam tipikal dan yang digambarkan oleh al-Mushaf itu
dungu, buas, kejam, keji, ganas, zalim lagi biadab hanyalah Allah fiktif.
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