[pypy-commit] extradoc extradoc: updated slides, check in the html version

arigo Sat, 30 Jan 2016 15:50:04 -0800

Author: Armin Rigo <ar...@tunes.org>
Branch: extradoc
Changeset: r5598:8b46adc6da63
Date: 2016-01-30 22:46 +0100
http://bitbucket.org/pypy/extradoc/changeset/8b46adc6da63/


Log:    updated slides, check in the html version

diff --git a/talk/fosdem2016/slides b/talk/fosdem2016/slides
--- a/talk/fosdem2016/slides
+++ b/talk/fosdem2016/slides
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
 
   - it does not expose any part of the CPython C API
 
-  - everything is done with a different, minimal API on the ``ffi`` object
+  - everything is done with a minimal API on the ``ffi`` object
     which is closer to C
 
     - ``ffi.cast()``, ``ffi.new()``, etc.
diff --git a/talk/fosdem2016/slides.html b/talk/fosdem2016/slides.html
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/talk/fosdem2016/slides.html
@@ -0,0 +1,728 @@
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+
+</div>
+<div id="footer">
+<h1>CFFI and PyPy</h1>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="presentation">
+<div class="slide" id="slide0">
+<h1 class="title">CFFI and PyPy</h1>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="cffi">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>successful project according to PyPI</li>
+<li>3.4 million downloads last month</li>
+<li>total 19.2 millions, 27th place on <cite>pypi-ranking.info</cite><ul>
+<li>Django is 28th</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>some high-visibility projects have switched to it (Cryptography)</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="pypy">
+<h1>PyPy</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>harder to say, but probably not so successful</li>
+<li>more later</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id1">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id2">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>call C from Python</li>
+<li>CFFI = C Foreign Function Interface</li>
+<li>shares ideas from Cython, ctypes, and LuaJIT's FFI</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="cffi-demo">
+<h1>CFFI demo</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+$ man getpwuid
+
+SYNOPSIS
+       #include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+       #include &lt;pwd.h&gt;
+
+       struct passwd *getpwnam(const char *name);
+</pre>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id3">
+<h1>CFFI demo</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+.
+.
+.
+The passwd structure is defined in &lt;pwd.h&gt; as follows:
+
+    struct passwd {
+        char   *pw_name;       /* username */
+        char   *pw_passwd;     /* user password */
+        uid_t   pw_uid;        /* user ID */
+.
+.
+.
+</pre>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id4">
+<h1>CFFI demo</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+from cffi import FFI
+ffi = cffi.FFI()
+
+ffi.cdef(&quot;&quot;&quot;
+    typedef int... uid_t;
+    struct passwd {
+        uid_t pw_uid;
+        ...;
+    };
+    struct passwd *getpwnam(const char *name);
+&quot;&quot;&quot;)
+</pre>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id5">
+<h1>CFFI demo</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+ffi.set_source(&quot;_pwuid_cffi&quot;, &quot;&quot;&quot;
+    #include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
+    #include &lt;pwd.h&gt;
+&quot;&quot;&quot;)
+
+ffi.compile()
+</pre>
+<p>------- ^^ put that in pwuid_build.py</p>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id6">
+<h1>CFFI demo</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+python pwuid_build.py
+</pre>
+<p>creates <tt class="docutils literal">_pwuid_cffi.so</tt></p>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id7">
+<h1>CFFI demo</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+from _pwuid_cffi import lib
+
+print lib.getpwnam(&quot;arigo&quot;).pw_uid
+</pre>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id8">
+<h1>CFFI demo</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+from _pwuid_cffi import ffi, lib
+</pre>
+<ul>
+<li><p class="first"><tt class="docutils literal">lib</tt> gives access to all 
functions from the cdef</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first"><tt class="docutils literal">ffi</tt> gives access to a 
few general helpers, e.g.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span 
class="pre">ffi.cast(&quot;float&quot;,</span> 42)</tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal">p = <span 
class="pre">ffi.new(&quot;struct</span> passwd *&quot;)</tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal">p = <span 
class="pre">ffi.new(&quot;char[10]&quot;);</span> p[0] = 'X'; s = 
lib.getpwnam(p)</tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal">p = ffi.new_handle(random_obj); <span 
class="pre">...;</span> random_obj = ffi.from_handle(p)</tt></li>
+</ul>
+</blockquote>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id9">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>supports more or less the whole C</li>
+<li>there is more than my short explanation suggests</li>
+<li>read the docs: <a class="reference external" 
href="http://cffi.readthedocs.org/";>http://cffi.readthedocs.org/</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id10">
+<h1>PyPy</h1>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id11">
+<h1>PyPy</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>a Python interpreter</li>
+<li>different from the standard, which is CPython</li>
+<li>main goal of PyPy: speed</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id12">
+<h1>PyPy</h1>
+<pre class="literal-block">
+$ pypy
+
+Python 2.7.10 (5f8302b8bf9f, Nov 18 2015, 10:46:46)
+[PyPy 4.0.1 with GCC 4.8.4] on linux2
+Type &quot;help&quot;, &quot;copyright&quot;, &quot;credits&quot; or 
&quot;license&quot; for more information.
+&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; 2+3
+5
+&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;
+</pre>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id13">
+<h1>PyPy</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>run <tt class="docutils literal">pypy my_program.py</tt></li>
+<li>starts working like an interpreter</li>
+<li>then a Just-in-Time Compiler kicks in</li>
+<li>generate and execute machine code from the Python program</li>
+<li>good or great speed-ups for the majority of long-running code</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id14">
+<h1>PyPy</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>different techniques than CPython also for &quot;garbage 
collection&quot;</li>
+<li>works very well (arguably better than CPython's reference counting)</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="pypy-garbage-collection">
+<h1>PyPy: Garbage Collection</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>&quot;<strong>moving,</strong> generational, incremental GC&quot;</li>
+<li>objects don't have reference counters</li>
+<li>allocated in a &quot;nursery&quot;</li>
+<li>when nursery full, find surviving nursery objects and move them out</li>
+<li>usually work on nursery objects only (fast), but rarely also perform
+a full GC</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="pypy-c-extensions">
+<h1>PyPy: C extensions</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>PyPy works great for running Python</li>
+<li>less great when there are CPython C extension modules involved</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id15">
+<h1>PyPy: C extensions</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>not directly possible: we have moving, non-reference-counted objects,
+and the C code expects non-moving, reference-counted objects</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id16">
+<h1>PyPy: C extensions</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>PyPy has still some support for them, called its <tt class="docutils 
literal">cpyext</tt> module</li>
+<li>similar to IronPython's Ironclad</li>
+<li>emulate all objects for C extensions with a shadow, non-movable,
+reference-counted object</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id17">
+<h1>PyPy: C extensions</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal">cpyext</tt> is slow</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal">cpyext</tt> is actually <em>really, 
really</em> slow<ul>
+<li>but we're working on making it <em>only</em> slow</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id18">
+<h1>PyPy: C extensions</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal">cpyext</tt> will &quot;often&quot; work, but 
there are a some high-profile C
+extension modules that are not supported so far</li>
+<li>notably, <tt class="docutils literal">numpy</tt></li>
+<li>(it is future work)</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="pypy-ad">
+<h1>PyPy: ad</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>but, hey, if you need performance out of Python and don't rely
+critically on C extension modules, then give PyPy a try<ul>
+<li>typical area where it works well: web services</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="cpython-c-api-the-problem">
+<h1>CPython C API: the problem</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>CPython comes with a C API</li>
+<li>very large number of functions</li>
+<li>assumes objects don't move</li>
+<li>assumes a &quot;reference counting&quot; model</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="cpython-c-api">
+<h1>CPython C API</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>actually, the API is some large subset of the functions inside
+CPython itself</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id19">
+<h1>CPython C API</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>easy to use from C</li>
+<li>historically, part of the success of Python</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id20">
+<h1>CPython C API</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>further successful tools build on top of that API:<ul>
+<li>SWIG</li>
+<li>Cython</li>
+<li>and other binding generators</li>
+<li>now CFFI</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id21">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>but CFFI is a bit different<ul>
+<li>it does not expose any part of the CPython C API</li>
+<li>everything is done with a minimal API on the <tt class="docutils 
literal">ffi</tt> object
+which is closer to C<ul>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal">ffi.cast()</tt>, <tt class="docutils 
literal">ffi.new()</tt>, etc.</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>that means it can be directly ported</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id22">
+<h1>CFFI and PyPy</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>we have a PyPy version of CFFI</li>
+<li>the demos I have given above work equally well on CPython or on PyPy</li>
+<li>(supporting PyPy was part of the core motivation behind CFFI)</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="cffi-performance">
+<h1>CFFI: performance</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>in PyPy, JIT compiler speeds up calls, so it's very fast</li>
+<li>in CPython, it doesn't occur, but it is still reasonable when
+compared with alternatives</li>
+<li>main issue is that we write more code in Python with CFFI,
+which makes it slower on CPython---but not really on PyPy</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="cffi-summary">
+<h1>CFFI: summary</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>call C from Python</li>
+<li>works natively on CPython and on PyPy<ul>
+<li>and easy to port to other Python implementations</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>supports CPython 2.6, 2.7, 3.2 to 3.5, and
+is integrated with PyPy</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id23">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>independent on the particular details of the Python implementation<ul>
+<li>using CFFI, you call C functions and manipulate C-pointer-like
+objects directly from Python</li>
+<li>you do in Python all logic involving Python objects</li>
+<li>there are no (official) ways around this API to call the CPython C
+API, and none are needed</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id24">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>two reasons to switch to it <tt class="docutils literal"><span 
class="pre">:-)</span></tt><ul>
+<li>easy and cool</li>
+<li>better supported on non-CPython implementations</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="cffi-latest-news">
+<h1>CFFI: latest news</h1>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>support for &quot;embedding&quot; Python inside some other non-Python 
program<ul>
+<li>now you really never need the CPython C API any more</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="slide" id="id25">
+<h1>CFFI</h1>
+<p><a class="reference external" 
href="http://cffi.readthedocs.org/";>http://cffi.readthedocs.org/</a></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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