Author: Carl Friedrich Bolz <cfb...@gmx.de>
Branch: guard-compatible
Changeset: r83375:ba422164355b
Date: 2016-03-25 09:25 +0100
http://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/changeset/ba422164355b/

Log:    merge default

diff --git a/.hgtags b/.hgtags
--- a/.hgtags
+++ b/.hgtags
@@ -19,3 +19,4 @@
 850edf14b2c75573720f59e95767335fb1affe55 release-4.0.0
 5f8302b8bf9f53056e40426f10c72151564e5b19 release-4.0.1
 246c9cf22037b11dc0e8c29ce3f291d3b8c5935a release-5.0
+bbd45126bc691f669c4ebdfbd74456cd274c6b92 release-5.0.1
diff --git a/pypy/doc/config/translation.gc.txt 
b/pypy/doc/config/translation.gc.txt
--- a/pypy/doc/config/translation.gc.txt
+++ b/pypy/doc/config/translation.gc.txt
@@ -1,24 +1,26 @@
 Choose the Garbage Collector used by the translated program.
-The good performing collectors are "hybrid" and "minimark".
-The default is "minimark".
+The recommended default is "incminimark".
 
   - "ref": reference counting. Takes very long to translate and the result is
-    slow.
+    slow.  Used only for tests.  Don't use it for real RPython programs.
 
-  - "marksweep": naive mark & sweep.
+  - "none": no GC.  Leaks everything.  Don't use it for real RPython
+    programs: the rate of leaking is immense.
 
   - "semispace": a copying semi-space GC.
 
   - "generation": a generational GC using the semi-space GC for the
     older generation.
 
-  - "boehm": use the Boehm conservative GC.
-
   - "hybrid": a hybrid collector of "generation" together with a
     mark-n-sweep old space
 
-  - "markcompact": a slow, but memory-efficient collector,
-    influenced e.g. by Smalltalk systems.
+  - "boehm": use the Boehm conservative GC.
 
   - "minimark": a generational mark-n-sweep collector with good
     performance.  Includes page marking for large arrays.
+
+  - "incminimark": like minimark, but adds incremental major
+    collections.  Seems to come with no performance drawback over
+    "minimark", so it is the default.  A few recent features of PyPy
+    (like cpyext) are only working with this GC.
diff --git a/pypy/doc/extradoc.rst b/pypy/doc/extradoc.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/extradoc.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/extradoc.rst
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 .. _How to *not* write Virtual Machines for Dynamic Languages: 
https://bitbucket.org/pypy/extradoc/raw/tip/talk/dyla2007/dyla.pdf
 .. _`Tracing the Meta-Level: PyPy's Tracing JIT Compiler`: 
https://bitbucket.org/pypy/extradoc/raw/tip/talk/icooolps2009/bolz-tracing-jit.pdf
 .. _`Faster than C#: Efficient Implementation of Dynamic Languages on .NET`: 
https://bitbucket.org/pypy/extradoc/raw/tip/talk/icooolps2009-dotnet/cli-jit.pdf
-.. _Automatic JIT Compiler Generation with Runtime Partial Evaluation: 
http://wwwold.cobra.cs.uni-duesseldorf.de/thesis/final-master.pdf
+.. _Automatic JIT Compiler Generation with Runtime Partial Evaluation: 
http://stups.hhu.de/mediawiki/images/b/b9/Master_bolz.pdf
 .. _`RPython: A Step towards Reconciling Dynamically and Statically Typed OO 
Languages`: 
http://www.disi.unige.it/person/AnconaD/papers/DynamicLanguages_abstracts.html#AACM-DLS07
 .. _EU Reports: index-report.html
 .. _Hardware Transactional Memory Support for Lightweight Dynamic Language 
Evolution: http://sabi.net/nriley/pubs/dls6-riley.pdf
diff --git a/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst 
b/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 .. toctree::
 
+   release-5.0.1.rst
    release-5.0.0.rst
    release-4.0.1.rst
    release-4.0.0.rst
diff --git a/pypy/doc/release-5.0.1.rst b/pypy/doc/release-5.0.1.rst
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pypy/doc/release-5.0.1.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+==========
+PyPy 5.0.1
+==========
+
+We have released a bugfix for PyPy 5.0, after reports that the newly released
+`lxml 3.6.0`_, which now supports PyPy 5.0 +, can `crash on large files`_.
+Thanks to those who reported the crash. Please update, downloads are available
+at pypy.org/download.html
+
+.. _`lxml 3.6.0`: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/lxml/3.6.0
+.. _`crash on large files`: https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issues/2260
+
+The changes between PyPy 5.0 and 5.0.1 are only two bug fixes: one in
+cpyext, which fixes notably (but not only) lxml; and another for a
+corner case of the JIT.
+
+What is PyPy?
+=============
+
+PyPy is a very compliant Python interpreter, almost a drop-in replacement for
+CPython 2.7. It's fast (`PyPy and CPython 2.7.x`_ performance comparison)
+due to its integrated tracing JIT compiler.
+
+We also welcome developers of other
+`dynamic languages`_ to see what RPython can do for them.
+
+This release supports **x86** machines on most common operating systems
+(Linux 32/64, Mac OS X 64, Windows 32, OpenBSD, FreeBSD),
+newer **ARM** hardware (ARMv6 or ARMv7, with VFPv3) running Linux, and the
+big- and little-endian variants of **PPC64** running Linux.
+
+.. _`PyPy and CPython 2.7.x`: http://speed.pypy.org
+.. _`dynamic languages`: http://pypyjs.org
+
+Please update, and continue to help us make PyPy better.
+
+Cheers
+
+The PyPy Team
+
diff --git a/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py 
b/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py
--- a/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py
+++ b/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@
             # XXX possibly adapt options using modules
             failures = create_cffi_import_libraries(exename, options, basedir)
             # if failures, they were already printed
-            print  >> sys.stderr, str(exename),'successfully built, but errors 
while building the above modules will be ignored'
+            print  >> sys.stderr, str(exename),'successfully built (errors, if 
any, while building the above modules are ignored)'
         driver.task_build_cffi_imports = 
types.MethodType(task_build_cffi_imports, driver)
         driver.tasks['build_cffi_imports'] = driver.task_build_cffi_imports, 
[compile_goal]
         driver.default_goal = 'build_cffi_imports'
diff --git a/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py b/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py
--- a/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py
+++ b/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py
@@ -419,7 +419,10 @@
         self.wait_for_thread_shutdown()
         w_exitfunc = self.sys.getdictvalue(self, 'exitfunc')
         if w_exitfunc is not None:
-            self.call_function(w_exitfunc)
+            try:
+                self.call_function(w_exitfunc)
+            except OperationError as e:
+                e.write_unraisable(self, 'sys.exitfunc == ', w_exitfunc)
         from pypy.interpreter.module import Module
         for w_mod in self.builtin_modules.values():
             if isinstance(w_mod, Module) and w_mod.startup_called:
diff --git a/pypy/interpreter/test/test_objspace.py 
b/pypy/interpreter/test/test_objspace.py
--- a/pypy/interpreter/test/test_objspace.py
+++ b/pypy/interpreter/test/test_objspace.py
@@ -416,3 +416,14 @@
             i -= 1
             assert i >= 0
             gc.collect()
+
+    def test_exitfunc_catches_exceptions(self):
+        from pypy.tool.pytest.objspace import maketestobjspace
+        space = maketestobjspace()
+        space.appexec([], """():
+            import sys
+            sys.exitfunc = lambda: this_is_an_unknown_name
+        """)
+        space.finish()
+        # assert that we reach this point without getting interrupted
+        # by the OperationError(NameError)
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
                         s = rffi.charp2str(ptr)
                     else:
                         s = rffi.charp2strn(ptr, length)
-                    return space.wrap(s)
+                    return space.wrapbytes(s)
                 #
                 # pointer to a wchar_t: builds and returns a unicode
                 if self.is_unichar_ptr_or_array():
@@ -372,15 +372,15 @@
         rffi_fclose(self.llf)
 
 
-def prepare_file_argument(space, fileobj):
-    fileobj.direct_flush()
-    if fileobj.cffi_fileobj is None:
-        fd = fileobj.direct_fileno()
+def prepare_file_argument(space, w_fileobj):
+    w_fileobj.direct_flush()
+    if w_fileobj.cffi_fileobj is None:
+        fd = w_fileobj.direct_fileno()
         if fd < 0:
             raise OperationError(space.w_ValueError,
                                  space.wrap("file has no OS file descriptor"))
         try:
-            fileobj.cffi_fileobj = CffiFileObj(fd, fileobj.mode)
+            w_fileobj.cffi_fileobj = CffiFileObj(fd, w_fileobj.mode)
         except OSError, e:
             raise wrap_oserror(space, e)
-    return rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARP, fileobj.cffi_fileobj.llf)
+    return rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARP, w_fileobj.cffi_fileobj.llf)
diff --git a/pypy/module/_vmprof/test/test__vmprof.py 
b/pypy/module/_vmprof/test/test__vmprof.py
--- a/pypy/module/_vmprof/test/test__vmprof.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_vmprof/test/test__vmprof.py
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@
 
     def test_enable_ovf(self):
         import _vmprof
-        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 999, 0)
-        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 999, -2.5)
-        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 999, 1e300)
-        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 999, 1e300 * 1e300)
+        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 2, 0)
+        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 2, -2.5)
+        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 2, 1e300)
+        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 2, 1e300 * 1e300)
         NaN = (1e300*1e300) / (1e300*1e300)
-        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 999, NaN)
+        raises(_vmprof.VMProfError, _vmprof.enable, 2, NaN)
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py
@@ -833,14 +833,14 @@
     modulename = py.path.local(eci.libraries[-1])
 
     def dealloc_trigger():
-        from pypy.module.cpyext.pyobject import _Py_Dealloc
+        from pypy.module.cpyext.pyobject import decref
         print 'dealloc_trigger...'
         while True:
             ob = rawrefcount.next_dead(PyObject)
             if not ob:
                 break
             print ob
-            _Py_Dealloc(space, ob)
+            decref(space, ob)
         print 'dealloc_trigger DONE'
         return "RETRY"
     rawrefcount.init(dealloc_trigger)
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/bytesobject.py 
b/pypy/module/cpyext/bytesobject.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/bytesobject.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/bytesobject.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from pypy.interpreter.error import OperationError
+from pypy.interpreter.error import OperationError, oefmt
 from rpython.rtyper.lltypesystem import rffi, lltype
 from pypy.module.cpyext.api import (
     cpython_api, cpython_struct, bootstrap_function, build_type_checkers,
@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@
     buflen = length + 1
     py_str.c_size = length
     py_str.c_buffer = lltype.malloc(rffi.CCHARP.TO, buflen,
-                                    flavor='raw', zero=True)
+                                    flavor='raw', zero=True,
+                                    add_memory_pressure=True)
     return py_str
 
 def string_attach(space, py_obj, w_obj):
@@ -133,8 +134,14 @@
     if from_ref(space, rffi.cast(PyObject, ref.c_ob_type)) is space.w_str:
         pass    # typecheck returned "ok" without forcing 'ref' at all
     elif not PyString_Check(space, ref):   # otherwise, use the alternate way
-        raise OperationError(space.w_TypeError, space.wrap(
-            "PyString_AsString only support strings"))
+        from pypy.module.cpyext.unicodeobject import (
+            PyUnicode_Check, _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString)
+        if PyUnicode_Check(space, ref):
+            ref = _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(space, ref, 
lltype.nullptr(rffi.CCHARP.TO))
+        else:
+            raise oefmt(space.w_TypeError,
+                        "expected string or Unicode object, %T found",
+                        from_ref(space, ref))
     ref_str = rffi.cast(PyStringObject, ref)
     if not ref_str.c_buffer:
         # copy string buffer
@@ -146,8 +153,14 @@
 @cpython_api([PyObject, rffi.CCHARPP, rffi.CArrayPtr(Py_ssize_t)], 
rffi.INT_real, error=-1)
 def PyString_AsStringAndSize(space, ref, buffer, length):
     if not PyString_Check(space, ref):
-        raise OperationError(space.w_TypeError, space.wrap(
-            "PyString_AsStringAndSize only support strings"))
+        from pypy.module.cpyext.unicodeobject import (
+            PyUnicode_Check, _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString)
+        if PyUnicode_Check(space, ref):
+            ref = _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(space, ref, 
lltype.nullptr(rffi.CCHARP.TO))
+        else:
+            raise oefmt(space.w_TypeError,
+                        "expected string or Unicode object, %T found",
+                        from_ref(space, ref))
     ref_str = rffi.cast(PyStringObject, ref)
     if not ref_str.c_buffer:
         # copy string buffer
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/include/unicodeobject.h 
b/pypy/module/cpyext/include/unicodeobject.h
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/include/unicodeobject.h
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/include/unicodeobject.h
@@ -20,8 +20,12 @@
 
 typedef struct {
     PyObject_HEAD
-    Py_UNICODE *buffer;
+    Py_UNICODE *str;
     Py_ssize_t size;
+    long hash;                  /* Hash value; -1 if not set */
+    PyObject *defenc;           /* (Default) Encoded version as Python
+                                   string, or NULL; this is used for
+                                   implementing the buffer protocol */
 } PyUnicodeObject;
 
 
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/object.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/object.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/object.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/object.py
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 @cpython_api([Py_ssize_t], rffi.VOIDP)
 def PyObject_MALLOC(space, size):
     return lltype.malloc(rffi.VOIDP.TO, size,
-                         flavor='raw', zero=True)
+                         flavor='raw', zero=True,
+                         add_memory_pressure=True)
 
 @cpython_api([rffi.VOIDP], lltype.Void)
 def PyObject_FREE(space, ptr):
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/pyobject.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/pyobject.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/pyobject.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/pyobject.py
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@
             size += itemcount * pytype.c_tp_itemsize
         assert size >= rffi.sizeof(PyObject.TO)
         buf = lltype.malloc(rffi.VOIDP.TO, size,
-                            flavor='raw', zero=True)
+                            flavor='raw', zero=True,
+                            add_memory_pressure=True)
         pyobj = rffi.cast(PyObject, buf)
         pyobj.c_ob_refcnt = 1
         pyobj.c_ob_type = pytype
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/state.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/state.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/state.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/state.py
@@ -147,10 +147,10 @@
     """
 
     def perform(self, executioncontext, frame):
-        from pypy.module.cpyext.pyobject import PyObject, _Py_Dealloc
+        from pypy.module.cpyext.pyobject import PyObject, decref
 
         while True:
             py_obj = rawrefcount.next_dead(PyObject)
             if not py_obj:
                 break
-            _Py_Dealloc(self.space, py_obj)
+            decref(self.space, py_obj)
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_bytesobject.py 
b/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_bytesobject.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_bytesobject.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_bytesobject.py
@@ -139,6 +139,44 @@
             ])
         module.getstring()
 
+    def test_py_string_as_string_Unicode(self):
+        module = self.import_extension('foo', [
+            ("getstring_unicode", "METH_NOARGS",
+             """
+                 Py_UNICODE chars[] = {'t', 'e', 's', 't'};
+                 PyObject* u1 = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(chars, 4);
+                 char *buf;
+                 buf = PyString_AsString(u1);
+                 if (buf == NULL)
+                     return NULL;
+                 if (buf[3] != 't') {
+                     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AssertionError, "Bad conversion");
+                     return NULL;
+                 }
+                 Py_DECREF(u1);
+                 Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+                 return Py_None;
+             """),
+            ("getstringandsize_unicode", "METH_NOARGS",
+             """
+                 Py_UNICODE chars[] = {'t', 'e', 's', 't'};
+                 PyObject* u1 = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(chars, 4);
+                 char *buf;
+                 Py_ssize_t len;
+                 if (PyString_AsStringAndSize(u1, &buf, &len) < 0)
+                     return NULL;
+                 if (len != 4) {
+                     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AssertionError, "Bad Length");
+                     return NULL;
+                 }
+                 Py_DECREF(u1);
+                 Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+                 return Py_None;
+             """),
+            ])
+        module.getstring_unicode()
+        module.getstringandsize_unicode()
+
     def test_format_v(self):
         module = self.import_extension('foo', [
             ("test_string_format_v", "METH_VARARGS",
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_unicodeobject.py 
b/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_unicodeobject.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_unicodeobject.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/test/test_unicodeobject.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
                  if(PyUnicode_GetSize(s) == 11) {
                      result = 1;
                  }
-                 if(s->ob_type->tp_basicsize != sizeof(void*)*5)
+                 if(s->ob_type->tp_basicsize != sizeof(void*)*7)
                      result = 0;
                  Py_DECREF(s);
                  return PyBool_FromLong(result);
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
                  c = PyUnicode_AsUnicode(s);
                  c[0] = 'a';
                  c[1] = 0xe9;
+                 c[2] = 0x00;
                  c[3] = 'c';
                  return s;
              """),
@@ -74,7 +75,35 @@
         assert len(s) == 4
         assert s == u'a&#65533;\x00c'
 
+    def test_hash(self):
+        module = self.import_extension('foo', [
+            ("test_hash", "METH_VARARGS",
+             '''
+                PyObject* obj = (PyTuple_GetItem(args, 0));
+                long hash = ((PyUnicodeObject*)obj)->hash;
+                return PyLong_FromLong(hash);  
+             '''
+             ),
+            ])
+        res = module.test_hash(u"xyz")
+        assert res == hash(u'xyz')
 
+    def test_default_encoded_string(self):
+        module = self.import_extension('foo', [
+            ("test_default_encoded_string", "METH_O",
+             '''
+                PyObject* result = _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(args, 
"replace");
+                Py_INCREF(result);
+                return result;
+             '''
+             ),
+            ])
+        res = module.test_default_encoded_string(u"xyz")
+        assert isinstance(res, str)
+        assert res == 'xyz'
+        res = module.test_default_encoded_string(u"caf\xe9")
+        assert isinstance(res, str)
+        assert res == 'caf?'
 
 class TestUnicode(BaseApiTest):
     def test_unicodeobject(self, space, api):
@@ -155,22 +184,22 @@
     def test_unicode_resize(self, space, api):
         py_uni = new_empty_unicode(space, 10)
         ar = lltype.malloc(PyObjectP.TO, 1, flavor='raw')
-        py_uni.c_buffer[0] = u'a'
-        py_uni.c_buffer[1] = u'b'
-        py_uni.c_buffer[2] = u'c'
+        py_uni.c_str[0] = u'a'
+        py_uni.c_str[1] = u'b'
+        py_uni.c_str[2] = u'c'
         ar[0] = rffi.cast(PyObject, py_uni)
         api.PyUnicode_Resize(ar, 3)
         py_uni = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, ar[0])
         assert py_uni.c_size == 3
-        assert py_uni.c_buffer[1] == u'b'
-        assert py_uni.c_buffer[3] == u'\x00'
+        assert py_uni.c_str[1] == u'b'
+        assert py_uni.c_str[3] == u'\x00'
         # the same for growing
         ar[0] = rffi.cast(PyObject, py_uni)
         api.PyUnicode_Resize(ar, 10)
         py_uni = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, ar[0])
         assert py_uni.c_size == 10
-        assert py_uni.c_buffer[1] == 'b'
-        assert py_uni.c_buffer[10] == '\x00'
+        assert py_uni.c_str[1] == 'b'
+        assert py_uni.c_str[10] == '\x00'
         Py_DecRef(space, ar[0])
         lltype.free(ar, flavor='raw')
 
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/tupleobject.py 
b/pypy/module/cpyext/tupleobject.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/tupleobject.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/tupleobject.py
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@
     py_tup = rffi.cast(PyTupleObject, py_obj)
 
     py_tup.c_ob_item = lltype.malloc(ObjectItems, length,
-                                     flavor='raw', zero=True)
+                                     flavor='raw', zero=True,
+                                     add_memory_pressure=True)
     py_tup.c_ob_size = length
     return py_tup
 
@@ -70,7 +71,8 @@
     """
     items_w = space.fixedview(w_obj)
     l = len(items_w)
-    p = lltype.malloc(ObjectItems, l, flavor='raw')
+    p = lltype.malloc(ObjectItems, l, flavor='raw',
+                      add_memory_pressure=True)
     i = 0
     try:
         while i < l:
@@ -177,7 +179,8 @@
     ref = rffi.cast(PyTupleObject, ref)
     oldsize = ref.c_ob_size
     oldp = ref.c_ob_item
-    newp = lltype.malloc(ObjectItems, newsize, zero=True, flavor='raw')
+    newp = lltype.malloc(ObjectItems, newsize, zero=True, flavor='raw',
+                         add_memory_pressure=True)
     try:
         if oldsize < newsize:
             to_cp = oldsize
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/typeobject.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/typeobject.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/typeobject.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/typeobject.py
@@ -421,7 +421,8 @@
             Py_DecRef(space, w_metatype)
 
     heaptype = lltype.malloc(PyHeapTypeObject.TO,
-                             flavor='raw', zero=True)
+                             flavor='raw', zero=True,
+                             add_memory_pressure=True)
     pto = heaptype.c_ht_type
     pto.c_ob_refcnt = 1
     pto.c_ob_type = metatype
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/unicodeobject.py 
b/pypy/module/cpyext/unicodeobject.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/unicodeobject.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/unicodeobject.py
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
 PyUnicodeObjectStruct = lltype.ForwardReference()
 PyUnicodeObject = lltype.Ptr(PyUnicodeObjectStruct)
 PyUnicodeObjectFields = (PyObjectFields +
-    (("buffer", rffi.CWCHARP), ("size", Py_ssize_t)))
+    (("str", rffi.CWCHARP), ("size", Py_ssize_t),
+     ("hash", rffi.LONG), ("defenc", PyObject)))
 cpython_struct("PyUnicodeObject", PyUnicodeObjectFields, PyUnicodeObjectStruct)
 
 @bootstrap_function
@@ -54,15 +55,20 @@
 
     buflen = length + 1
     py_uni.c_size = length
-    py_uni.c_buffer = lltype.malloc(rffi.CWCHARP.TO, buflen,
-                                    flavor='raw', zero=True)
+    py_uni.c_str = lltype.malloc(rffi.CWCHARP.TO, buflen,
+                                 flavor='raw', zero=True,
+                                 add_memory_pressure=True)
+    py_uni.c_hash = -1
+    py_uni.c_defenc = lltype.nullptr(PyObject.TO)
     return py_uni
 
 def unicode_attach(space, py_obj, w_obj):
     "Fills a newly allocated PyUnicodeObject with a unicode string"
     py_unicode = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, py_obj)
     py_unicode.c_size = len(space.unicode_w(w_obj))
-    py_unicode.c_buffer = lltype.nullptr(rffi.CWCHARP.TO)
+    py_unicode.c_str = lltype.nullptr(rffi.CWCHARP.TO)
+    py_unicode.c_hash = space.hash_w(w_obj)
+    py_unicode.c_defenc = lltype.nullptr(PyObject.TO)
 
 def unicode_realize(space, py_obj):
     """
@@ -70,17 +76,20 @@
     be modified after this call.
     """
     py_uni = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, py_obj)
-    s = rffi.wcharpsize2unicode(py_uni.c_buffer, py_uni.c_size)
+    s = rffi.wcharpsize2unicode(py_uni.c_str, py_uni.c_size)
     w_obj = space.wrap(s)
+    py_uni.c_hash = space.hash_w(w_obj)
     track_reference(space, py_obj, w_obj)
     return w_obj
 
 @cpython_api([PyObject], lltype.Void, header=None)
 def unicode_dealloc(space, py_obj):
     py_unicode = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, py_obj)
-    if py_unicode.c_buffer:
-        lltype.free(py_unicode.c_buffer, flavor="raw")
+    if py_unicode.c_str:
+        lltype.free(py_unicode.c_str, flavor="raw")
     from pypy.module.cpyext.object import PyObject_dealloc
+    if py_unicode.c_defenc:
+        PyObject_dealloc(space, py_unicode.c_defenc)
     PyObject_dealloc(space, py_obj)
 
 @cpython_api([Py_UNICODE], rffi.INT_real, error=CANNOT_FAIL)
@@ -204,12 +213,12 @@
     """Return a pointer to the internal Py_UNICODE buffer of the object.  ref
     has to be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked)."""
     ref_unicode = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, ref)
-    if not ref_unicode.c_buffer:
+    if not ref_unicode.c_str:
         # Copy unicode buffer
         w_unicode = from_ref(space, ref)
         u = space.unicode_w(w_unicode)
-        ref_unicode.c_buffer = rffi.unicode2wcharp(u)
-    return ref_unicode.c_buffer
+        ref_unicode.c_str = rffi.unicode2wcharp(u)
+    return ref_unicode.c_str
 
 @cpython_api([PyObject], rffi.CWCHARP)
 def PyUnicode_AsUnicode(space, ref):
@@ -240,7 +249,7 @@
     string may or may not be 0-terminated.  It is the responsibility of the 
caller
     to make sure that the wchar_t string is 0-terminated in case this is
     required by the application."""
-    c_buffer = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(space, rffi.cast(PyObject, ref))
+    c_str = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(space, rffi.cast(PyObject, ref))
     c_size = ref.c_size
 
     # If possible, try to copy the 0-termination as well
@@ -250,7 +259,7 @@
 
     i = 0
     while i < size:
-        buf[i] = c_buffer[i]
+        buf[i] = c_str[i]
         i += 1
 
     if size > c_size:
@@ -342,8 +351,15 @@
     return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(space, wchar_p, length)
 
 @cpython_api([PyObject, CONST_STRING], PyObject)
-def _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(space, w_unicode, errors):
-    return PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(space, w_unicode, 
lltype.nullptr(rffi.CCHARP.TO), errors)
+def _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(space, ref, errors):
+    # Returns a borrowed reference.
+    py_uni = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, ref)
+    if not py_uni.c_defenc:
+        py_uni.c_defenc = make_ref(
+            space, PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(
+                space, ref,
+                lltype.nullptr(rffi.CCHARP.TO), errors))
+    return py_uni.c_defenc
 
 @cpython_api([CONST_STRING, Py_ssize_t, CONST_STRING, CONST_STRING], PyObject)
 def PyUnicode_Decode(space, s, size, encoding, errors):
@@ -443,7 +459,7 @@
 def PyUnicode_Resize(space, ref, newsize):
     # XXX always create a new string so far
     py_uni = rffi.cast(PyUnicodeObject, ref[0])
-    if not py_uni.c_buffer:
+    if not py_uni.c_str:
         raise OperationError(space.w_SystemError, space.wrap(
             "PyUnicode_Resize called on already created string"))
     try:
@@ -457,7 +473,7 @@
     if oldsize < newsize:
         to_cp = oldsize
     for i in range(to_cp):
-        py_newuni.c_buffer[i] = py_uni.c_buffer[i]
+        py_newuni.c_str[i] = py_uni.c_str[i]
     Py_DecRef(space, ref[0])
     ref[0] = rffi.cast(PyObject, py_newuni)
     return 0
diff --git a/pypy/module/imp/test/test_import.py 
b/pypy/module/imp/test/test_import.py
--- a/pypy/module/imp/test/test_import.py
+++ b/pypy/module/imp/test/test_import.py
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
         import marshal, stat, struct, os, imp
         code = py.code.Source(p.join("x.py").read()).compile()
         s3 = marshal.dumps(code)
-        s2 = struct.pack("i", os.stat(str(p.join("x.py")))[stat.ST_MTIME])
+        s2 = struct.pack("<i", os.stat(str(p.join("x.py")))[stat.ST_MTIME])
         p.join("x.pyc").write(imp.get_magic() + s2 + s3, mode='wb')
     else:
         w = space.wrap
diff --git a/pypy/module/micronumpy/ndarray.py 
b/pypy/module/micronumpy/ndarray.py
--- a/pypy/module/micronumpy/ndarray.py
+++ b/pypy/module/micronumpy/ndarray.py
@@ -502,29 +502,34 @@
         return W_NDimArray(self.implementation.transpose(self, axes))
 
     def descr_transpose(self, space, args_w):
-        if len(args_w) == 1 and space.isinstance_w(args_w[0], space.w_tuple):
-            args_w = space.fixedview(args_w[0])
-        if (len(args_w) == 0 or
-                len(args_w) == 1 and space.is_none(args_w[0])):
+        if len(args_w) == 0 or len(args_w) == 1 and space.is_none(args_w[0]):
             return self.descr_get_transpose(space)
         else:
-            if len(args_w) != self.ndims():
-                raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError, "axes don't match array")
-            axes = []
-            axes_seen = [False] * self.ndims()
-            for w_arg in args_w:
-                try:
-                    axis = support.index_w(space, w_arg)
-                except OperationError:
-                    raise oefmt(space.w_TypeError, "an integer is required")
-                if axis < 0 or axis >= self.ndims():
-                    raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError, "invalid axis for this 
array")
-                if axes_seen[axis] is True:
-                    raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError, "repeated axis in 
transpose")
-                axes.append(axis)
-                axes_seen[axis] = True
-            return self.descr_get_transpose(space, axes)
+            if len(args_w) > 1:
+                axes = args_w
+            else:  # Iterable in the only argument (len(arg_w) == 1 and 
arg_w[0] is not None)
+                axes = space.fixedview(args_w[0])
 
+        axes = self._checked_axes(axes, space)
+        return self.descr_get_transpose(space, axes)
+
+    def _checked_axes(self, axes_raw, space):
+        if len(axes_raw) != self.ndims():
+            raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError, "axes don't match array")
+        axes = []
+        axes_seen = [False] * self.ndims()
+        for elem in axes_raw:
+            try:
+                axis = support.index_w(space, elem)
+            except OperationError:
+                raise oefmt(space.w_TypeError, "an integer is required")
+            if axis < 0 or axis >= self.ndims():
+                raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError, "invalid axis for this array")
+            if axes_seen[axis] is True:
+                raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError, "repeated axis in transpose")
+            axes.append(axis)
+            axes_seen[axis] = True
+        return axes
 
     @unwrap_spec(axis1=int, axis2=int)
     def descr_swapaxes(self, space, axis1, axis2):
diff --git a/pypy/module/micronumpy/test/test_ndarray.py 
b/pypy/module/micronumpy/test/test_ndarray.py
--- a/pypy/module/micronumpy/test/test_ndarray.py
+++ b/pypy/module/micronumpy/test/test_ndarray.py
@@ -2960,6 +2960,36 @@
         assert (a.transpose() == b).all()
         assert (a.transpose(None) == b).all()
 
+    def test_transpose_arg_tuple(self):
+        import numpy as np
+        a = np.arange(24).reshape(2, 3, 4)
+        transpose_args = a.transpose(1, 2, 0)
+
+        transpose_test = a.transpose((1, 2, 0))
+
+        assert transpose_test.shape == (3, 4, 2)
+        assert (transpose_args == transpose_test).all()
+
+    def test_transpose_arg_list(self):
+        import numpy as np
+        a = np.arange(24).reshape(2, 3, 4)
+        transpose_args = a.transpose(1, 2, 0)
+
+        transpose_test = a.transpose([1, 2, 0])
+
+        assert transpose_test.shape == (3, 4, 2)
+        assert (transpose_args == transpose_test).all()
+
+    def test_transpose_arg_array(self):
+        import numpy as np
+        a = np.arange(24).reshape(2, 3, 4)
+        transpose_args = a.transpose(1, 2, 0)
+
+        transpose_test = a.transpose(np.array([1, 2, 0]))
+
+        assert transpose_test.shape == (3, 4, 2)
+        assert (transpose_args == transpose_test).all()
+
     def test_transpose_error(self):
         import numpy as np
         a = np.arange(24).reshape(2, 3, 4)
@@ -2968,6 +2998,11 @@
         raises(ValueError, a.transpose, 1, 0, 1)
         raises(TypeError, a.transpose, 1, 0, '2')
 
+    def test_transpose_unexpected_argument(self):
+        import numpy as np
+        a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]])
+        raises(TypeError, 'a.transpose(axes=(1,2,0))')
+
     def test_flatiter(self):
         from numpy import array, flatiter, arange, zeros
         a = array([[10, 30], [40, 60]])
diff --git a/pypy/module/select/test/test_select.py 
b/pypy/module/select/test/test_select.py
--- a/pypy/module/select/test/test_select.py
+++ b/pypy/module/select/test/test_select.py
@@ -287,8 +287,7 @@
             t = thread.start_new_thread(pollster.poll, ())
             try:
                 time.sleep(0.3)
-                # TODO restore print '', if this is not the reason
-                for i in range(5): print 'release gil select'  # to release 
GIL untranslated
+                for i in range(5): print '',  # to release GIL untranslated
                 # trigger ufds array reallocation
                 for fd in rfds:
                     pollster.unregister(fd)
diff --git a/pypy/module/thread/test/test_lock.py 
b/pypy/module/thread/test/test_lock.py
--- a/pypy/module/thread/test/test_lock.py
+++ b/pypy/module/thread/test/test_lock.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import sys, os
 from pypy.module.thread.test.support import GenericTestThread
 from rpython.translator.c.test.test_genc import compile
-import platform
+from platform import machine
 
 
 class AppTestLock(GenericTestThread):
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@
         else:
             assert self.runappdirect, "missing lock._py3k_acquire()"
 
-    @py.test.mark.xfail(platform.machine() == 's390x',
-                        reason='may fail this test under heavy load')
+    @py.test.mark.xfail(machine()=='s390x', reason='may fail under heavy load')
     def test_ping_pong(self):
         # The purpose of this test is that doing a large number of ping-pongs
         # between two threads, using locks, should complete in a reasonable
diff --git a/pypy/objspace/std/mapdict.py b/pypy/objspace/std/mapdict.py
--- a/pypy/objspace/std/mapdict.py
+++ b/pypy/objspace/std/mapdict.py
@@ -185,14 +185,6 @@
             cache[name, index] = attr
         return attr
 
-    @jit.elidable
-    def _get_cache_attr(self, name, index):
-        key = name, index
-        # this method is not actually elidable, but it's fine anyway
-        if self.cache_attrs is not None:
-            return self.cache_attrs.get(key, None)
-        return None
-
     def add_attr(self, obj, name, index, w_value):
         self._reorder_and_add(obj, name, index, w_value)
         if not jit.we_are_jitted():
diff --git a/pypy/tool/release/repackage.sh b/pypy/tool/release/repackage.sh
--- a/pypy/tool/release/repackage.sh
+++ b/pypy/tool/release/repackage.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # Edit these appropriately before running this script
 maj=5
 min=0
-rev=0
+rev=1
 branchname=release-$maj.x  # ==OR== release-$maj.$min.x
-tagname=release-$maj.$min  # ==OR== release-$maj.$min.$rev
+tagname=release-$maj.$min.$rev
 # This script will download latest builds from the buildmaster, rename the top
 # level directory, and repackage ready to be uploaded to bitbucket. It will 
also
 # download source, assuming a tag for the release already exists, and 
repackage them.
diff --git a/rpython/jit/backend/detect_cpu.py 
b/rpython/jit/backend/detect_cpu.py
--- a/rpython/jit/backend/detect_cpu.py
+++ b/rpython/jit/backend/detect_cpu.py
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
             'x86_64': MODEL_X86,
             'amd64': MODEL_X86,    # freebsd
             'AMD64': MODEL_X86,    # win64
+            'armv8l': MODEL_ARM,   # 32-bit ARMv8
             'armv7l': MODEL_ARM,
             'armv6l': MODEL_ARM,
             'arm': MODEL_ARM,      # freebsd
diff --git a/rpython/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py 
b/rpython/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py
--- a/rpython/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py
+++ b/rpython/jit/codewriter/jtransform.py
@@ -792,11 +792,13 @@
             return []
         # check for _immutable_fields_ hints
         immut = v_inst.concretetype.TO._immutable_field(c_fieldname.value)
+        need_live = False
         if immut:
             if (self.callcontrol is not None and
                 self.callcontrol.could_be_green_field(v_inst.concretetype.TO,
                                                       c_fieldname.value)):
                 pure = '_greenfield'
+                need_live = True
             else:
                 pure = '_pure'
         else:
@@ -823,10 +825,12 @@
             descr1 = self.cpu.fielddescrof(
                 v_inst.concretetype.TO,
                 quasiimmut.get_mutate_field_name(c_fieldname.value))
-            op1 = [SpaceOperation('-live-', [], None),
+            return [SpaceOperation('-live-', [], None),
                    SpaceOperation('record_quasiimmut_field',
                                   [v_inst, descr, descr1], None),
                    op1]
+        if need_live:
+            return [SpaceOperation('-live-', [], None), op1]
         return op1
 
     def rewrite_op_setfield(self, op, override_type=None):
diff --git a/rpython/jit/codewriter/test/test_jtransform.py 
b/rpython/jit/codewriter/test/test_jtransform.py
--- a/rpython/jit/codewriter/test/test_jtransform.py
+++ b/rpython/jit/codewriter/test/test_jtransform.py
@@ -1029,7 +1029,8 @@
     v1 = varoftype(lltype.Ptr(S))
     v2 = varoftype(lltype.Char)
     op = SpaceOperation('getfield', [v1, Constant('x', lltype.Void)], v2)
-    op1 = Transformer(FakeCPU(), FakeCC()).rewrite_operation(op)
+    op0, op1 = Transformer(FakeCPU(), FakeCC()).rewrite_operation(op)
+    assert op0.opname == '-live-'
     assert op1.opname == 'getfield_gc_i_greenfield'
     assert op1.args == [v1, ('fielddescr', S, 'x')]
     assert op1.result == v2
diff --git a/rpython/memory/gc/incminimark.py b/rpython/memory/gc/incminimark.py
--- a/rpython/memory/gc/incminimark.py
+++ b/rpython/memory/gc/incminimark.py
@@ -2929,10 +2929,19 @@
             ll_assert(rc < int(REFCNT_FROM_PYPY_LIGHT * 0.99),
                       "refcount underflow from REFCNT_FROM_PYPY_LIGHT?")
             rc -= REFCNT_FROM_PYPY
-            self._pyobj(pyobject).ob_refcnt = rc
             self._pyobj(pyobject).ob_pypy_link = 0
             if rc == 0:
                 self.rrc_dealloc_pending.append(pyobject)
+                # an object with refcnt == 0 cannot stay around waiting
+                # for its deallocator to be called.  Some code (lxml)
+                # expects that tp_dealloc is called immediately when
+                # the refcnt drops to 0.  If it isn't, we get some
+                # uncleared raw pointer that can still be used to access
+                # the object; but (PyObject *)raw_pointer is then bogus
+                # because after a Py_INCREF()/Py_DECREF() on it, its
+                # tp_dealloc is also called!
+                rc = 1
+            self._pyobj(pyobject).ob_refcnt = rc
     _rrc_free._always_inline_ = True
 
     def rrc_major_collection_trace(self):
diff --git a/rpython/memory/gc/test/test_rawrefcount.py 
b/rpython/memory/gc/test/test_rawrefcount.py
--- a/rpython/memory/gc/test/test_rawrefcount.py
+++ b/rpython/memory/gc/test/test_rawrefcount.py
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
         p1 = check_alive(0)
         self._collect(major=True, expected_trigger=1)
         py.test.raises(RuntimeError, "p1.x")            # dead
-        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 0
+        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 1       # in the pending list
         assert r1.ob_pypy_link == 0
         assert self.gc.rawrefcount_next_dead() == r1addr
         assert self.gc.rawrefcount_next_dead() == llmemory.NULL
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@
         assert p1.x == 42
         self._collect(major=True, expected_trigger=1)
         py.test.raises(RuntimeError, "p1.x")            # dead
-        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 0
+        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 1
         assert r1.ob_pypy_link == 0
         assert self.gc.rawrefcount_next_dead() == r1addr
         self.gc.check_no_more_rawrefcount_state()
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
         else:
             self._collect(major=False, expected_trigger=1)
         py.test.raises(RuntimeError, "p1.x")            # dead
-        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 0
+        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 1
         assert r1.ob_pypy_link == 0
         assert self.gc.rawrefcount_next_dead() == r1addr
         self.gc.check_no_more_rawrefcount_state()
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
             self._collect(major=True, expected_trigger=1)
         else:
             self._collect(major=False, expected_trigger=1)
-        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 0     # refcnt dropped to 0
+        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 1     # refcnt 1, in the pending list
         assert r1.ob_pypy_link == 0  # detached
         assert self.gc.rawrefcount_next_dead() == r1addr
         self.gc.check_no_more_rawrefcount_state()
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
         assert self.trigger == []
         self._collect(major=True, expected_trigger=1)
         py.test.raises(RuntimeError, "p1.x")            # dead
-        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 0
+        assert r1.ob_refcnt == 1
         assert r1.ob_pypy_link == 0
         assert self.gc.rawrefcount_next_dead() == r1addr
         self.gc.check_no_more_rawrefcount_state()
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/jit.py b/rpython/rlib/jit.py
--- a/rpython/rlib/jit.py
+++ b/rpython/rlib/jit.py
@@ -1099,6 +1099,14 @@
     of JIT running like JIT loops compiled, aborts etc.
     An instance of this class will be available as policy.jithookiface.
     """
+    # WARNING: You should make a single prebuilt instance of a subclass
+    # of this class.  You can, before translation, initialize some
+    # attributes on this instance, and then read or change these
+    # attributes inside the methods of the subclass.  But this prebuilt
+    # instance *must not* be seen during the normal annotation/rtyping
+    # of the program!  A line like ``pypy_hooks.foo = ...`` must not
+    # appear inside your interpreter's RPython code.
+
     def on_abort(self, reason, jitdriver, greenkey, greenkey_repr, logops, 
operations):
         """ A hook called each time a loop is aborted with jitdriver and
         greenkey where it started, reason is a string why it got aborted
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/rawrefcount.py b/rpython/rlib/rawrefcount.py
--- a/rpython/rlib/rawrefcount.py
+++ b/rpython/rlib/rawrefcount.py
@@ -72,6 +72,12 @@
     return p
 
 def next_dead(OB_PTR_TYPE):
+    """NOT_RPYTHON.  When the GC runs, it finds some pyobjs to be dead
+    but cannot immediately dispose of them (it doesn't know how to call
+    e.g. tp_dealloc(), and anyway calling it immediately would cause all
+    sorts of bugs).  So instead, it stores them in an internal list,
+    initially with refcnt == 1.  This pops the next item off this list.
+    """
     if len(_d_list) == 0:
         return lltype.nullptr(OB_PTR_TYPE.TO)
     ob = _d_list.pop()
@@ -136,6 +142,7 @@
                 ob.c_ob_refcnt -= REFCNT_FROM_PYPY
                 ob.c_ob_pypy_link = 0
                 if ob.c_ob_refcnt == 0:
+                    ob.c_ob_refcnt = 1
                     _d_list.append(ob)
             return None
 
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/rposix.py b/rpython/rlib/rposix.py
--- a/rpython/rlib/rposix.py
+++ b/rpython/rlib/rposix.py
@@ -22,6 +22,22 @@
     from rpython.rlib import rwin32
     from rpython.rlib.rwin32file import make_win32_traits
 
+class CConfig:
+    _compilation_info_ = ExternalCompilationInfo(
+        includes=['sys/stat.h',
+                  'unistd.h',
+                  'fcntl.h'],
+    )
+    for _name in """fchdir fchmod fchmodat fchown fchownat fexecve fdopendir
+                    fpathconf fstat fstatat fstatvfs ftruncate futimens futimes
+                    futimesat linkat lchflags lchmod lchown lstat lutimes
+                    mkdirat mkfifoat mknodat openat readlinkat renameat
+                    symlinkat unlinkat utimensat""".split():
+        locals()['HAVE_%s' % _name.upper()] = rffi_platform.Has(_name)
+cConfig = rffi_platform.configure(CConfig)
+globals().update(cConfig)
+
+
 class CConstantErrno(CConstant):
     # these accessors are used when calling get_errno() or set_errno()
     # on top of CPython
@@ -1024,6 +1040,13 @@
         if not win32traits.MoveFile(path1, path2):
             raise rwin32.lastSavedWindowsError()
 
+@specialize.argtype(0, 1)
+def replace(path1, path2):
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            'On windows, os.replace() should overwrite the destination')
+    return rename(path1, path2)
+
 #___________________________________________________________________
 
 c_mkfifo = external('mkfifo', [rffi.CCHARP, rffi.MODE_T], rffi.INT,
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/rtime.py b/rpython/rlib/rtime.py
--- a/rpython/rlib/rtime.py
+++ b/rpython/rlib/rtime.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 from rpython.rtyper.tool import rffi_platform
 from rpython.rtyper.lltypesystem import rffi, lltype
 from rpython.rlib.objectmodel import register_replacement_for
-from rpython.rlib import jit
 from rpython.rlib.rarithmetic import intmask, UINT_MAX
 from rpython.rlib import rposix
 
@@ -170,28 +169,30 @@
                                [lltype.Signed, lltype.Ptr(TIMESPEC)],
                                rffi.INT, releasegil=False,
                                compilation_info=eci_with_lrt)
-else:
+if need_rusage:
     RUSAGE = RUSAGE
     RUSAGE_SELF = RUSAGE_SELF or 0
     c_getrusage = external('getrusage',
                            [rffi.INT, lltype.Ptr(RUSAGE)],
-                           lltype.Void,
+                           rffi.INT,
                            releasegil=False)
 
+def win_perf_counter():
+    a = lltype.malloc(A, flavor='raw')
+    if state.divisor == 0.0:
+        QueryPerformanceCounter(a)
+        state.counter_start = a[0]
+        QueryPerformanceFrequency(a)
+        state.divisor = float(a[0])
+    QueryPerformanceCounter(a)
+    diff = a[0] - state.counter_start
+    lltype.free(a, flavor='raw')
+    return float(diff) / state.divisor
+
 @replace_time_function('clock')
-@jit.dont_look_inside  # the JIT doesn't like FixedSizeArray
 def clock():
     if _WIN32:
-        a = lltype.malloc(A, flavor='raw')
-        if state.divisor == 0.0:
-            QueryPerformanceCounter(a)
-            state.counter_start = a[0]
-            QueryPerformanceFrequency(a)
-            state.divisor = float(a[0])
-        QueryPerformanceCounter(a)
-        diff = a[0] - state.counter_start
-        lltype.free(a, flavor='raw')
-        return float(diff) / state.divisor
+        return win_perf_counter()
     elif CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID is not None:
         with lltype.scoped_alloc(TIMESPEC) as a:
             c_clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, a)
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_common.h 
b/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_common.h
--- a/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_common.h
+++ b/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_common.h
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@
     char padding[sizeof(long) - 1];
     char marker;
     long count, depth;
-    void *stack[];
+    intptr_t stack[];
 } prof_stacktrace_s;
 
 
 RPY_EXTERN
 char *vmprof_init(int fd, double interval, char *interp_name)
 {
-    if (interval < 1e-6 || interval >= 1.0)
+    if (!(interval >= 1e-6 && interval < 1.0))   /* also if it is NaN */
         return "bad value for 'interval'";
     prepare_interval_usec = (int)(interval * 1000000.0);
 
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_config.h 
b/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_config.h
--- a/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_config.h
+++ b/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_config.h
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 #define HAVE_SYS_UCONTEXT_H
-#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
-#define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.mc_rip
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
+  #ifdef __i386__
+    #define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.mc_eip
+  #else
+    #define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.mc_rip
+  #endif
 #elif defined( __APPLE__)
   #if ((ULONG_MAX) == (UINT_MAX))
     #define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext->__ss.__eip
@@ -8,10 +12,10 @@
     #define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext->__ss.__rip
   #endif
 #elif defined(__arm__)
-#define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.arm_ip
+  #define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.arm_ip
 #elif defined(__linux) && defined(__i386) && defined(__GNUC__)
-#define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_EIP]
+  #define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_EIP]
 #else
-/* linux, gnuc */
-#define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RIP]
+  /* linux, gnuc */
+  #define PC_FROM_UCONTEXT uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RIP]
 #endif
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_main_win32.h 
b/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_main_win32.h
--- a/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_main_win32.h
+++ b/rpython/rlib/rvmprof/src/vmprof_main_win32.h
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
     depth = get_stack_trace(p->vmprof_tl_stack,
                      stack->stack, MAX_STACK_DEPTH-2, ctx.Eip);
     stack->depth = depth;
-    stack->stack[depth++] = (void*)p->thread_ident;
+    stack->stack[depth++] = p->thread_ident;
     stack->count = 1;
     stack->marker = MARKER_STACKTRACE;
     ResumeThread(hThread);
diff --git a/rpython/rlib/test/test_rawrefcount.py 
b/rpython/rlib/test/test_rawrefcount.py
--- a/rpython/rlib/test/test_rawrefcount.py
+++ b/rpython/rlib/test/test_rawrefcount.py
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
         assert rawrefcount.next_dead(PyObject) == lltype.nullptr(PyObjectS)
         assert rawrefcount._o_list == []
         assert wr_p() is None
-        assert ob.c_ob_refcnt == 0
+        assert ob.c_ob_refcnt == 1       # from the pending list
         assert ob.c_ob_pypy_link == 0
         lltype.free(ob, flavor='raw')
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
         assert rawrefcount._d_list == [ob]
         assert rawrefcount._p_list == []
         assert wr_p() is None
-        assert ob.c_ob_refcnt == 0
+        assert ob.c_ob_refcnt == 1       # from _d_list
         assert ob.c_ob_pypy_link == 0
         lltype.free(ob, flavor='raw')
 
diff --git a/rpython/tool/runsubprocess.py b/rpython/tool/runsubprocess.py
--- a/rpython/tool/runsubprocess.py
+++ b/rpython/tool/runsubprocess.py
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 def _run(executable, args, env, cwd):
     # note that this function can be *overridden* below
     # in some cases!
+    if sys.platform == 'win32':
+        executable = executable.replace('/','\\')
     if isinstance(args, str):
         args = str(executable) + ' ' + args
         shell = True
diff --git a/rpython/translator/c/src/thread_pthread.c 
b/rpython/translator/c/src/thread_pthread.c
--- a/rpython/translator/c/src/thread_pthread.c
+++ b/rpython/translator/c/src/thread_pthread.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 #  define THREAD_STACK_SIZE   0   /* use default stack size */
 # endif
 
-# if (defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)) && 
defined(THREAD_STACK_SIZE) && THREAD_STACK_SIZE == 0
+# if (defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || 
defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)) && defined(THREAD_STACK_SIZE) && THREAD_STACK_SIZE 
== 0
    /* The default stack size for new threads on OSX is small enough that
     * we'll get hard crashes instead of 'maximum recursion depth exceeded'
     * exceptions.
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
        if (tss != 0)
                pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attrs, tss);
 #endif
-#if defined(PTHREAD_SYSTEM_SCHED_SUPPORTED) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#if defined(PTHREAD_SYSTEM_SCHED_SUPPORTED) && !(defined(__FreeBSD__) || 
defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__))
         pthread_attr_setscope(&attrs, PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM);
 #endif
 
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