Martin Panter added the comment:

It looks like the logic for handling an error seeding from urandom is reversed: 
<https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/45fc0c83ed42#l6.66>. Random_seed_urandom() 
actually returns -1 if is an exception set, and 0 if it was successful.

The result would be a normal working urandom setup ignores urandom and seeds 
from the time and PID. Not a big deal, since the old code always seeded from a 
(lower resolution) time anyway. But if urandom failed, we get the SystemError.

The fix should be simple, in Modules/_randommodule.c change the random_seed() 
function to read

if (arg == NULL || arg == Py_None) {
    if (random_seed_urandom(self) < 0) { // was >= 0!
        PyErr_Clear();
        
        /* Reading system entropy failed, fall back on the worst entropy:
           use the current time and process identifier. */
        random_seed_time_pid(self);
    }
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}

----------
keywords: +3.6regression
nosy: +haypo, martin.panter
type:  -> behavior

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<http://bugs.python.org/issue29208>
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