Eric V. Smith <e...@trueblade.com> added the comment:

I agree that the current behavior makes sense. I think "preserve the literal 
value of the next character" means the space won't be interpreted as a 
separator.

In the first example (I think better written as shlex.split(r'a \ b')), the 
first space is a separator. The second space is not a separator because of the 
backslash, so it's part of the second token ' b'.

In the second example (shlex.split(r'a \  b')), the first space is a separator, 
the second space is not a separator because of the backslash, and the third 
space is a separator. This explains why there's no space before the 'b'.

I assume peter.otten's example is bash. I can confirm with zsh:

[~]$ python3 -c 'import sys; print(sys.argv)' a   b
['-c', 'a', 'b']
[~]$ python3 -c 'import sys; print(sys.argv)' a \ b
['-c', 'a', ' b']
[~]$ python3 -c 'import sys; print(sys.argv)' a \  b
['-c', 'a', ' ', 'b']

I'm going to close this. But anyone wants to suggest a documentation patch, 
feel free to reopen this.

Also, changing this would no doubt break some code, so I'd recommend against 
changing it even if I didn't think it was doing the right thing.

----------
nosy: +eric.smith
resolution:  -> not a bug
stage:  -> resolved
status: open -> closed
type:  -> behavior

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Python tracker <rep...@bugs.python.org>
<https://bugs.python.org/issue35787>
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