https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/cfcfbdd9237d8743448c288b5348e948e9c7fdf9 commit: cfcfbdd9237d8743448c288b5348e948e9c7fdf9 branch: main author: Petr Viktorin <[email protected]> committer: encukou <[email protected]> date: 2025-09-03T15:29:15Z summary:
gh-135676: Reword the Operators & Delimiters section(s) (GH-137713) Co-authored-by: Blaise Pabon <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <[email protected]> files: M Doc/reference/lexical_analysis.rst diff --git a/Doc/reference/lexical_analysis.rst b/Doc/reference/lexical_analysis.rst index 6338c181813bbe..f93666dcdc8f44 100644 --- a/Doc/reference/lexical_analysis.rst +++ b/Doc/reference/lexical_analysis.rst @@ -1351,67 +1351,62 @@ Formally, imaginary literals are described by the following lexical definition: imagnumber: (`floatnumber` | `digitpart`) ("j" | "J") -.. _operators: - -Operators -========= - -.. index:: single: operators - -The following tokens are operators: - -.. code-block:: none - - - + - * ** / // % @ - << >> & | ^ ~ := - < > <= >= == != - - .. _delimiters: - -Delimiters -========== - -.. index:: single: delimiters - -The following tokens serve as delimiters in the grammar: - -.. code-block:: none - - ( ) [ ] { } - , : ! . ; @ = - -The period can also occur in floating-point and imaginary literals. - +.. _operators: .. _lexical-ellipsis: -A sequence of three periods has a special meaning as an -:py:data:`Ellipsis` literal: - -.. code-block:: none - - ... - -The following *augmented assignment operators* serve -lexically as delimiters, but also perform an operation: +Operators and delimiters +======================== -.. code-block:: none - - -> += -= *= /= //= %= - @= &= |= ^= >>= <<= **= - -The following printing ASCII characters have special meaning as part of other -tokens or are otherwise significant to the lexical analyzer: - -.. code-block:: none - - ' " # \ +.. index:: + single: operators + single: delimiters -The following printing ASCII characters are not used in Python. Their -occurrence outside string literals and comments is an unconditional error: +The following grammar defines :dfn:`operator` and :dfn:`delimiter` tokens, +that is, the generic :data:`~token.OP` token type. +A :ref:`list of these tokens and their names <token_operators_delimiters>` +is also available in the :mod:`!token` module documentation. -.. code-block:: none +.. grammar-snippet:: + :group: python-grammar - $ ? ` + OP: + | assignment_operator + | bitwise_operator + | comparison_operator + | enclosing_delimiter + | other_delimiter + | arithmetic_operator + | "..." + | other_op + + assignment_operator: "+=" | "-=" | "*=" | "**=" | "/=" | "//=" | "%=" | + "&=" | "|=" | "^=" | "<<=" | ">>=" | "@=" | ":=" + bitwise_operator: "&" | "|" | "^" | "~" | "<<" | ">>" + comparison_operator: "<=" | ">=" | "<" | ">" | "==" | "!=" + enclosing_delimiter: "(" | ")" | "[" | "]" | "{" | "}" + other_delimiter: "," | ":" | "!" | ";" | "=" | "->" + arithmetic_operator: "+" | "-" | "**" | "*" | "//" | "/" | "%" + other_op: "." | "@" + +.. note:: + + Generally, *operators* are used to combine :ref:`expressions <expressions>`, + while *delimiters* serve other purposes. + However, there is no clear, formal distinction between the two categories. + + Some tokens can serve as either operators or delimiters, depending on usage. + For example, ``*`` is both the multiplication operator and a delimiter used + for sequence unpacking, and ``@`` is both the matrix multiplication and + a delimiter that introduces decorators. + + For some tokens, the distinction is unclear. + For example, some people consider ``.``, ``(``, and ``)`` to be delimiters, while others + see the :py:func:`getattr` operator and the function call operator(s). + + Some of Python's operators, like ``and``, ``or``, and ``not in``, use + :ref:`keyword <keywords>` tokens rather than "symbols" (operator tokens). + +A sequence of three consecutive periods (``...``) has a special +meaning as an :py:data:`Ellipsis` literal. _______________________________________________ Python-checkins mailing list -- [email protected] To unsubscribe send an email to [email protected] https://mail.python.org/mailman3//lists/python-checkins.python.org Member address: [email protected]
