https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/80d7626c74c1e455a9a2e0d34a06bf29b9970487
commit: 80d7626c74c1e455a9a2e0d34a06bf29b9970487
branch: 3.15
author: Miss Islington (bot) <[email protected]>
committer: colesbury <[email protected]>
date: 2026-06-19T09:52:07-04:00
summary:

[3.15] gh-150902: Optimize PyCriticalSection2 to skip locking the same locks 
held by the current CS2 (gh-151554)

This mimics an optimization already present for the single-mutex critical 
section.
(cherry picked from commit c2ca7724af94df6e078a4b2e86d1be8c410d9940)

Co-authored-by: Daniele Parmeggiani <[email protected]>

files:
A 
Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-08-13-14-42.gh-issue-150902.-CWZ66.rst
M Include/internal/pycore_critical_section.h
M Python/critical_section.c

diff --git a/Include/internal/pycore_critical_section.h 
b/Include/internal/pycore_critical_section.h
index 2a2846b1296b90..51d99d74ca159f 100644
--- a/Include/internal/pycore_critical_section.h
+++ b/Include/internal/pycore_critical_section.h
@@ -196,10 +196,9 @@ _PyCriticalSection2_Begin(PyThreadState *tstate, 
PyCriticalSection2 *c, PyObject
 static inline void
 _PyCriticalSection2_End(PyThreadState *tstate, PyCriticalSection2 *c)
 {
-    // if mutex1 is NULL, we used the fast path in
-    // _PyCriticalSection_BeginSlow for mutexes that are already held,
-    // which should only happen when mutex1 and mutex2 were the same mutex,
-    // and mutex2 should also be NULL.
+    // if mutex1 is NULL, we used the fast path in either
+    // _PyCriticalSection_BeginSlow or _PyCriticalSection2_BeginSlow for 
mutexes
+    // that are already held, and mutex2 should also be NULL.
     if (c->_cs_base._cs_mutex == NULL) {
         assert(c->_cs_mutex2 == NULL);
         return;
diff --git 
a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-08-13-14-42.gh-issue-150902.-CWZ66.rst
 
b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-08-13-14-42.gh-issue-150902.-CWZ66.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..e3b7cd387b439f
--- /dev/null
+++ 
b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-08-13-14-42.gh-issue-150902.-CWZ66.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Apply an existing optimization of PyCriticalSection (single mutex) to 
PyCriticalSection2: avoid acquiring the same locks that the current CS has 
already acquired.
diff --git a/Python/critical_section.c b/Python/critical_section.c
index 98e23eda7cdd77..dbee6f236a73be 100644
--- a/Python/critical_section.c
+++ b/Python/critical_section.c
@@ -72,6 +72,22 @@ _PyCriticalSection2_BeginSlow(PyThreadState *tstate, 
PyCriticalSection2 *c, PyMu
         c->_cs_base._cs_prev = 0;
         return;
     }
+    // Same optimization as in _PyCriticalSection_BeginSlow: skip locking when
+    // recursively acquiring the same locks.
+    if (tstate->critical_section &&
+        tstate->critical_section & _Py_CRITICAL_SECTION_TWO_MUTEXES) {
+        PyCriticalSection2 *prev2 = (PyCriticalSection2 *)
+            untag_critical_section(tstate->critical_section);
+        assert((uintptr_t)m1 < (uintptr_t)m2);
+        assert((uintptr_t)prev2->_cs_base._cs_mutex <
+            (uintptr_t)prev2->_cs_mutex2);
+        if (prev2->_cs_base._cs_mutex == m1 && prev2->_cs_mutex2 == m2) {
+            c->_cs_base._cs_mutex = NULL;
+            c->_cs_mutex2 = NULL;
+            c->_cs_base._cs_prev = 0;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
     c->_cs_base._cs_mutex = NULL;
     c->_cs_mutex2 = NULL;
     c->_cs_base._cs_prev = tstate->critical_section;

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