> I accept my question about classes being singletons is not well-formed, > not even in my own mind. I guess one way of asking is, for any two class > objects (not instances) C1 and C2, does "C1 == C2" imply "C1 is C2"?
C and D are instances of metaC in that. class metaC( type ): def what( self ): return self class C( metaclass= metaC ): pass class D( metaclass= metaC ): pass assert C is C.what() and D is D.what() #print( C.what(), D.what() ) C= metaC('C',(),{}) D= metaC('D',(),{}) assert C is C.what() and D is D.what() #print( C.what(), D.what() ) furthermore. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list