First, some nitpicking: Include the whole traceback when posting about
errors please. Don't write "if some_boolean_expression != True:"
instead prefer "if not some_boolean_expression:". Also, in your code
"except (Except), ex: return ex" the parentheses are redundant,
there's no "Except" Exception (unless you created one yourself) and
why are you catching and returning the Exception object? (Also,
what's that "sys.exit(0)" doing in there? And why exit with 0 if there
was a problem? Exit code 0 means "no problem".)
Second, from what you've said backup_dest must be None:
import os
os.access(None, os.W_OK)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#1>", line 1, in <module>
os.access(None, os.W_OK)
TypeError: coercing to Unicode: need string or buffer, NoneType found
No, backup_dest is destination for backup. It's this variable:
*backup_dest = self.__backup_dest* .
*self.__backup_dest = os.getenv('HOME')* - as you can see,
self.__backup_dest is a reference to the home directory which is a
string. Then backup_dest is a reference to the variable
self.__backup_dest. But that second reference seems to be recognised as
a NoneType ??
I'm using optparse in my script (that code for checking for permission
is a part of my backup script).
Maybe i post my complete code:
"
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#MyBackUper
import os, sys, tarfile
import datetime
from optparse import OptionParser
class Except(Exception):
pass
class Packer(Except):
def __init__(self):
self.__backup_dest = os.getenv('HOME')
__current_time = datetime.datetime.today().strftime('%Y-%m-%d
%H:%M:%S')
Except.__init__(self)
def doc_note(self):
print """
DOCUMENTATION
'Backuper' is a script for doing backups.
You can backup with it single files or whole directories.
For available commands type 'backuper.py -h' or 'backuper.py
--help'.
Using it is simple:
- to backup single file, type:
'backuper.py -f FILE_PATH BCKP_NAME [DEST_PATH]',
where 'FILE_PATH' is exact path to prefered file which you want
to backup and 'BCKP_NAME' is the name for backup output file. Default
'DEST_PATH' is placed in home directory, it can't be changed.
'BCKP_NAME' must be given;
- to backup whole directory, type:
'backuper.py -d DIR_PATH BCKP_NAME [DEST_PATH]', where
'DIR_PATH' is exact path to prefered directory, which you want to backup
and 'BCKP_NAME' is the name for backup output file. Default 'DEST_PATH'
is placed in home directory, it can't be changed. 'BCKP_NAME' must be given;
"""
def __check_set_perm(self, rd_obj_path, backup_dest):
try:
if os.path.exists(rd_obj_path):
if not os.access(rd_obj_path, os.R_OK):
print "Have no permissions on [%s] for reading
operation.\nTrying to set them..." % os.path.split(rd_obj_path)[1]
if not os.path.isdir(rd_obj_path):
os.chmod(rd_obj_path, stat.S_IREAD)
else:
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(rd_obj_path):
for f in files:
os.chmod(os.path.join(root, f),
stat.S_IREAD)
print "Get permissions for reading on [%s]
successfully." % os.path.split(rd_obj_path)[1]
else:
print "Have permissions on [%s] for reading." %
os.path.split(rd_obj_path)[1]
if not os.access(backup_dest, os.W_OK):
print "Have no permissions on [%s] for writing
operation.\nTrying to set them..." % os.path.split(backup_dest)[1]
os.chmod(backup_dest, stat.S_IWRITE)
print "Get permissions for reading on [%s]
successfully." % os.path.split(backup_dest)[1]
else:
print "Have permissions on [%s] for writing." %
os.path.split(backup_dest)[1]
else:
return "Can't find specified path - [%s]." % rd_obj_path
sys.exit(1)
except (Except), ex:
return ex
def backup_file(self, rd_obj_path, bkp_obj_name):
try:
if os.name == "nt":
rd_obj_path = rd_obj_path.replace('~/', '%s\\' %
os.getenv('HOME')).replace('\\', '\\\\')
backup_dest = self.__backup_dest
print "Checking permissions for reading and writing..."
self.__check_set_perm(rd_obj_path, backup_dest)
backup_obj = tarfile.open("%s\\%s(%s).tar.bz2" %
(backup_dest, bkp_obj_name, __current_time), 'w:bz2')
else:
rd_obj_path = rd_obj_path.replace('~/', '%s/' %
os.getenv('HOME'))
backup_dest = self.__backup_dest
print "Checking permissions for reading and writing..."
self.__check_set_perm(rd_obj_path, backup_dest)
backup_obj = tarfile.open("%s/%s(%s).tar.bz2" %
(backup_dest, bkp_obj_name, __current_time), 'w:bz2')
print "Preparing for backup [%s]..." %
os.path.split(rd_obj_path)[1]
print "Starting backup..."
read_obj = open(rd_obj_path, 'rb')
print "Now adding [%s]..." % os.path.split(rd_obj_path)[1]
backup_obj.add(read_obj.read())
read_obj.close(), backup_obj.close()
print "Backup [%s] made successfully. :-)" %
os.path.split(backup_dest)[1]
except (Except), ex:
return ex
def backup_dir(self, rd_obj_path, bkp_obj_name):
try:
if os.name == "nt":
rd_obj_path = rd_obj_path.replace('~/', '%s\\' %
os.getenv('HOME')).replace('\\', '\\\\')
backup_dest = self.__backup_dest
print "Checking permissions for reading and writing..."
self.__check_set_perm(rd_obj_path, backup_dest)
backup_obj = tarfile.open("%s\\%s(%s).tar.bz2" %
(backup_dest, bkp_obj_name, __current_time), 'w:bz2')
else:
rd_obj_path = rd_obj_path.replace('~/', '%s/' %
os.getenv('HOME'))
backup_dest = self.__backup_dest
print "Checking permissions for reading and writing..."
self.__check_set_perm(rd_obj_path, backup_dest)
backup_obj = tarfile.open("%s/%s(%s).tar.bz2" %
(backup_dest, bkp_obj_name, __current_time), 'w:bz2')
print "Preparing for backup '%s'..." %
os.path.split(rd_obj_path)[1]
print "Gathering files for backup..."
path_list = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(rd_obj_path):
for f in files:
path_list.append(os.path.join(root, f))
print "Starting backup..."
for p in path_list:
fl = open(p, 'rb')
print "Now adding [%s] from [%s] directory" %
(os.path.split(p)[1], os.path.split(p)[0])
backup_obj.add(fl.read())
fl.close()
print "Added [%s] successfully" % os.path.split(p)[1]
backup_obj.close()
print "Backup [%s] made successfully. :-)" %
os.path.split(backup_dest)[1]
except (Except), ex:
return ex
class ParseIt(object):
def __init__(self):
self.__initial = True
_usage = "usage: %prog [options] Arg1 Arg2"
parser = OptionParser(_usage)
parser.add_option("-f", "--file", action="store", type="string",
dest="filename", help="Make backup of a single file", metavar="FILE_PATH
CKP_NAME", nargs=2)
parser.add_option("-d", "--dir", action="store", type="string",
dest="dirname", help="Recursively backup a whole directory",
metavar="DIR_PATH BCKP_NAME", nargs=2)
parser.add_option("-i", "--info", dest="info_note",
action="store_true", help="Show script's documentation")
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
def main_meth():
paq = Packer()
pars = ParseIt()
if pars.options.filename:
paq.backup_file(pars.options.filename[0], pars.options.filename[1])
elif pars.options.dirname:
paq.backup_dir(pars.options.dirname[0], pars.options.dirname[1])
elif pars.options.info_note:
paq.doc_note()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main_meth()
"
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