Hi, This series addresses Cédric's suggestion[1] and Donald's suggestion[2] to move realize() call after attach_device().
This way avoid the need to introduce realize_late() to further complex the interface in nesting series. [1] https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2025-04/msg01211.html [2] https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2025-04/msg00898.html Test: net card passthrough and ping test hotplug/unplug Based on vfio-next(856f36c005). Thanks Zhenzhong Changelog: v2: - drop the idea to save host iommu capabilities in VFIODevice.caps - introduce a new function to create and realize hiod - remove hiod_typename property Zhenzhong Duan (5): vfio/iommufd: Make a separate call to get IOMMU capabilities vfio/iommufd: Move realize() after attachment vfio/container: Move realize() after attachment vfio: Cleanup host IOMMU device creation vfio: Remove hiod_typename property include/hw/vfio/vfio-container-base.h | 3 --- include/hw/vfio/vfio-device.h | 3 ++- hw/vfio/container.c | 25 ++++++++++++-------- hw/vfio/device.c | 33 ++++++++++++--------------- hw/vfio/iommufd.c | 31 +++++++++++++------------ 5 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-) -- 2.34.1