On Tue, 11 Jul 2006, Thomas Lumley wrote:
> On Tue, 11 Jul 2006, Prof Brian Ripley wrote:
>
> > On Fri, 7 Jul 2006, Thomas Lumley wrote:
> >
> > > On Fri, 7 Jul 2006, Martin Morgan wrote:
> > >
> > > > sapply calls lapply as
> > > >
> > > > answer <- lapply(as.list(X), FUN, ...)
> > > >
> > > > which, when X is a list, causes X to be duplicated unnecessarily. The
> > > > coercion is unnecessary for other mode(X) because in lapply we have
> > > >
> > > > if (!is.list(X)) X <- as.list(X)
> > >
> > > That looks reasonable.
> >
> > And you have made the change. Unfortunately it is not really reasonable,
> > as is.list(X) does not test that X is a list (see its documentation) in
> > the same sense as as.list, so pairlists are now passed to the internal
> > code.
>
> Where do we still get pairlists in interpreted code? I thought they had all
> been hidden.
Not quite all. You can use pairlist() to create them, and .Options is one
(fairly long) example. (I used pairlist to create a very slow example.)
> > There's something rather undesirable going on here. The internal code for
> > lapply (in its current version, not the one I wrote) does the internal
> > equivalent of
> >
> > rval <- vector("list", length(X))
> > for(i in seq(along = X))
> > rval[i] <- list(FUN(X[[i]], ...))
> >
> > from the earlier
> >
> > lapply <- function(X, FUN, ...) {
> > FUN <- match.fun(FUN)
> > if (!is.list(X))
> > X <- as.list(X)
> > rval <- vector("list", length(X))
> > for(i in seq(along = X))
> > rval[i] <- list(FUN(X[[i]], ...))
> > names(rval) <- names(X) # keep `names' !
> > return(rval)
> > }
> >
> > so all that is needed is that X[[i]] work.
> >
> > For a pairlist [[i]] done repeatedly is very inefficient (since it starts
> > at the beginning each time), so we *do* want to coerce pairlists here.
>
> Or have a separate loop using CDR and CAR rather than [[, which would mean not
> having to copy X.
If we are going there we should also special-case all the (much more
common) vector types thereby avoiding [[, which I have so far resisted.
> > On the other hand, we do not need to coerce expressions or atomic vectors
> > for which [[]] works just fine.
>
> Indeed.
I've just committed a version that is a lot faster, fast enough to shave
5% off the total time for both the stats and boot examples.
--
Brian D. Ripley, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Professor of Applied Statistics, http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
University of Oxford, Tel: +44 1865 272861 (self)
1 South Parks Road, +44 1865 272866 (PA)
Oxford OX1 3TG, UK Fax: +44 1865 272595
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