Hi all,

I'm having some trouble in understanding how to ste the Error() term in the aov() function when fitting a hierarchical ANOVA. I have data concerning the expression of 2 miRNAs in 3 different cell lines, with 2 different extraction methods. The data is organized as follows :
   Line    Extraction    Target    Expression
1    BC54    miRNA    RNU48    22.48
2    BC54    miRNA    RNU48    22.36
3    BC54    miRNA    221    26.49
4    BC54    miRNA    221    26.42
5    BC54    RNAtot    RNU48    22.95
6    BC54    RNAtot    RNU48    22.98
7    BC54    RNAtot    221    26.35
8    BC54    RNAtot    221    26.43
9    BC108    miRNA    RNU48    24.19
10    BC108    miRNA    RNU48    24.01
11    BC108    miRNA    221    29.94
12    BC108    miRNA    221    29.61
13    BC108    RNAtot    RNU48    22.42
14    BC108    RNAtot    RNU48    22.29
15    BC108    RNAtot    221    26.79
16    BC108    RNAtot    221    26.73
17    BC233    miRNA    RNU48    21.84
18    BC233    miRNA    RNU48    21.69
19    BC233    miRNA    221    25.95
20    BC233    miRNA    221    25.98
21    BC233    RNAtot    RNU48    22.55
22    BC233    RNAtot    RNU48    22.58
23    BC233    RNAtot    221    25.11
24    BC233    RNAtot    221    25.45

For the two miRNA and for each cell line I want to compare the expression value between the two extraction methods. As there are no random effects I tried to use the aov() function to do so. I don't know which of the two following models is the "good" one :

This one :
> mir221.aov=aov(Ct~Extraction+Error(Target/Line/Extraction),data=mir221)

with this model the extraction has no significant effect :
> summary(mir221.aov)
Error: Target
         Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Residuals 1 99.675 99.675
Error: Target:Line
         Df  Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Residuals 4 16.9779 4.2445
Error: Target:Line:Extraction
          Df  Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Extraction  1  2.8912  2.8912  1.3568 0.2966
Residuals 5 10.6545 2.1309
Error: Within
         Df   Sum Sq  Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Residuals 12 0.164150 0.013679

or this one :
> mir221.aov=aov(Ct~Extraction+Error(Target/Line),data=mir221)

with this model the extraction has a significant effect:
> summary(mir221.lm)
Error: Target
         Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Residuals 1 99.675 99.675
Error: Target:Line
         Df  Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Residuals 4 16.9779 4.2445
Error: Within
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F) Extraction 1 2.8912 2.8912 4.5431 0.04794 * Residuals 17 10.8187 0.6364 Could you please help me understanding which is the right model for my question ? Thanks by advance

Jonas Mandel
U900 - Bioinformatics unit
Institut Curie
Paris

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