On May 20, 2010, at 1:01 AM, Joshua Wiley wrote:
Dear Mohan,
First, I would like to modify my code slightly to:
data <- rbind(data,data.frame(State="Total",t(apply(data[,-1], 2, sum,
na.rm=TRUE))))
This actually will add a 7th level to your factor automatically. The
reason I wanted to change from using c() to data.frame() is that if
one uses c(), all the columns are converted to character (this has to
do with different methods for rbind, see ?rbind particularly the
Details and Value section which describe the different methods for
rbind and what its behavior will be if it is using the default
method). This may not be an issue, but it would hamper any subsequent
calculations you may wish to perform on your data.
Actually the coercion to a single element type occurs as soon as you
use c()
> c("a", 1:10)
[1] "a" "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" "6" "7" "8" "9" "10"
Whether rbind might also coerce would depend on the class of arguments
it is supplied. If you have created an argument with c() that is all
character because that is the "least common denominator", and then try
to rbind it to a dataframe, the numeric columns will character-ized.
--
David Winsemius, MD
West Hartford, CT
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