It is open to debate whether Kant was a reductionist who regarded religion as little more than a vehicle for morality. In any case, what cannot be argued with is the proposition that religious faith does, in fact, promote morality and does so for a number of valid reasons, not least because, without moral sense, nihilism becomes normative in society. This may not seem to be true at first, when religious authority declines, there still is a good deal of living tradition and much about a culture reflects its past moral sensitivity. But then it starts to happen and things go downhill rapidly after that. Case in point: A country called the United States of America. Hence the need in our era for moral renewal and, with it, religious renewal. The article suggests that a "Kantian" outlook similar to this renewalist view is not necessary and may be a bad idea. I disagree. Regardless, an informative article. BR --------------------------------------------- Real Clear Politics / Real Clear Religion December 12, 2013 Time's Kantian Wedge By _Robert Barron_ (http://www.realclearreligion.org/authors/robert_barron/)
It is splendid indeed that Time magazine has made Pope Francis its "Person of the Year" for 2013. The Pope has captured the imagination of the world and has breathed a new life into the Catholic Church. The authors of the Time _piece_ (http://poy.time.com/2013/12/11/person-of-the-year-pope-francis-the-peoples-pope/print/) are right in saying that his choice of name has set the tone for his papacy so far: he has resolved to be, like his namesake of old, a friend of the poor and the forgotten. He has determined to be a person of compassion, leading with the merciful face of Christ. Details matter in this regard: his choice to live in the Casa Santa Marta rather than in the Apostolic Palace, being driven around in an old clunker rather than a Vatican limousine, paying his own bill at the clerical residence where he stayed prior to his election, flying coach class, embracing the man with the severely deformed face (How like St. Francis who famously embraced a leper). The controversial interviews that he granted just a few months ago also speak of this change in focus. The Pope does not want priests and other Catholic ministers to lead with the "hot button" issues largely centering around sexual morality; rather, he wants the Church to present itself as a "field hospital" after a battle, a place of comfort and mercy. His insistence that Holy Communion is "not a prize for the perfect but a powerful medicine and nourishment for the weak" is also perfectly congruent with this shift in emphasis. As I say, all of this is remarkable and worth celebrating, and I'm glad the popular secular press has caught on. However, there is something that has been bothering me ever since Francis became Pope, and its on rather massive display in the Time _article_ (http://poy.time.com/2013/12/11/person-of-the-year-pope-francis-the-peoples-pope/pri nt/) , namely, a tendency to distinguish radically between this lovely Franciscan emphasis on mercy and love for the poor and the apparently far less than lovely emphasis on doctrine so characteristic of the Papacies of John Paul II and Benedict XVI. There is actually a good deal of dangerous silliness in this way of characterizing things. If I might cite the much-maligned Benedict, the Church does essentially three things: it cares for the poor; it worships God; and it evangelizes. Isolate any of the three from the other two, and distortions set in. Indeed, without deep care for the poor and for social justice, the worship of God can become lifeless ("liturgical fussiness") and evangelizing can devolve into cultural criticism or mere intellectual debating. But isolate care for the poor from the other two and equally problematic distortions ensue. Without the worship of God and evangelization, the Church deteriorates in short order into one more social service institution among many, a mere "NGO" in Francis's own language. Now listen to the authors of the Time article: "In a matter of months, Francis has elevated the healing mission of the church -- the church as servant and comforter of hurting people in an often harsh world -- above the doctrinal police work so important to his recent predecessors." And "his vision is of a pastoral -- and not doctrinaire -- church." This is so much nonsense. The source of a good deal of this mischief is the 18th century philosopher Immanuel Kant, whose influence on the modern sensibility can scarcely be overstated. Kant famously held that religion is reducible to ethics. By the Enlightenment period, the doctrinal claims of the great religions had come to seem incredible to many, and worship a pathetic holdover from a more primitive time. For Kant, therefore, authentic, grown-up, enlightened religious people would see that morality is the heart of the matter, both doctrine and worship serving, at best, to bolster ethics. It is always a source of amazement to me how thoroughly modern people have gone down the Kantian autobahn in regard to this issue. How we take the following for granted: it doesn't really matter what you believe, as long as you are a good person. But the Kantian construal is simply repugnant to classical Christianity. In point of fact, Christians have been, from the beginning, massively interested in both worship and doctrine. How could you read any of the Gospels or any of the letters of Paul and think otherwise? Moreover, the great figures of the Church -- Irenaeus, Chrysostom, Jerome, Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, Newman, etc. -- have taken doctrine with utmost seriousness. No one doubts that Francis of Assisi himself loved the poor and marginalized, but how many realize that one of his principal concerns was for liturgical propriety? Toward the end of the Time piece, the authors mention two features of Francis's life which effectively undermine their central argument. The "Person of the Year" spends huge swaths of his day at prayer. Rising at five, he prays until seven and then celebrates Mass. And after dinner, he spends several more hours before the Blessed Sacrament. As has been the case with so many of the Church's saints, his love for the poor flows from an intense worship of God. The article closes with a look at one of the Pope's Wednesday general audiences. The topic of Francis's remarks that day was the resurrection of Jesus. After declaring the Church's age-old doctrine, the Pope looked up from his text and asked the crowd, "do you believe it?" When they responded, "yes!" he said again, "do you believe it?" This is not a man who is unconcerned with clarity of dogma. I'm delighted that Time has made the Pope the "Person of the Year," but I would caution all of the commentariat: don't drive a wedge between the three dimensions of Francis's life and of the Church's life! -- -- Centroids: The Center of the Radical Centrist Community <[email protected]> Google Group: http://groups.google.com/group/RadicalCentrism Radical Centrism website and blog: http://RadicalCentrism.org --- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Centroids: The Center of the Radical Centrist Community" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/groups/opt_out.
