Critics pounce after Obama talks Crusades, slavery at prayer breakfast
Juliet Eilperin ("The Washington Post," February 5, 2015)
President Obama has never been one to go easy on America.
As a new president, he dismissed the idea of American exceptionalism,
noting that Greeks think their country is special, too. He labeled the
Bush-era
interrogation practices, euphemistically called “harsh” for years, as
torture. America, he has suggested, has much to answer given its history in
Latin America and the Middle East.
His latest challenge came Thursday at the National Prayer Breakfast. At a
time of global anxiety over Islamist terrorism, Obama noted pointedly that
his fellow Christians, who make up a vast majority of Americans, should
perhaps not be the ones who cast the first stone.
“Humanity has been grappling with these questions throughout human history,”
he told the group, speaking of the tension between the compassionate and
murderous acts religion can inspire. “And lest we get on our high horse and
think this is unique to some other place, remember that during the
Crusades and the Inquisition, people committed terrible deeds in the name of
Christ. In our home country, slavery and Jim Crow all too often was justified
in
the name of Christ.”
Some Republicans were outraged. “The president’s comments this morning at
the prayer breakfast are the most offensive I’ve ever heard a president
make in my lifetime,” said former Virginia governor Jim Gilmore (R). “He has
offended every believing Christian in the United States. This goes further
to the point that Mr. Obama does not believe in America or the values we
all share.”
Obama’s remarks spoke to his unsparing, sometimes controversial, view of
the United States — where triumphalism is often overshadowed by a harsh
assessment of where Americans must try harder to live up to their own
self-image. Only by admitting these shortcomings, he has argued, can we fix
problems
and move beyond them.
“There is a tendency in us, a sinful tendency, that can pervert and distort
our faith,” he said at the breakfast.
But many critics believe that the president needs to focus more on enemies
of the United States.
Russell Moore, president of the Southern Baptist Ethics and Religious
Liberty Commission, called Obama’s comments about Christianity “an unfortunate
attempt at a wrongheaded moral comparison.”
What we need more is a “moral framework from the administration and a clear
strategy for defeating ISIS,” he said, using an acronym for the Islamic
State.
Obama spoke a day after meeting with Muslim leaders, in what participants
said was his first roundtable with a Muslim-only group since taking office.
The Muslim leaders who argued that they feel their community has faced
unfair scrutiny in the wake of terrorist attacks overseas. Although the White
House released only a broad description of the meeting — which touched on
issues including racial profiling — participants said it gave them a chance
to express their concerns directly to the president.
Farhana Khera, executive director of the civil rights group Muslim
Advocates, one of 13 participants, said the session gave Obama a chance to
focus on
Muslim Americans the way he has done with other constituencies, such as
African American and Jewish groups.
“I started off by saying the biggest concern I hear from Muslim parents is
their fear that their children will be ashamed to be Muslim” because of
discrimination, Khera said. “We are asking him to use his bully pulpit to have
a White House summit on hate crimes against religious minorities, much
like the summit on bullying reset the conversation around LGBT youth.”
Obama emphasized the need to respect minorities in his speech Thursday,
saying it was part of the obligation Americans face as members of a diverse
and open society, “And if, in fact, we defend the legal right of a person to
insult another’s religion, we’re equally obligated to use our free speech
to condemn such insults — and stand shoulder to shoulder with religious
communities, particularly religious minorities who are the targets of such
attacks.”
For the president, the prayer breakfast represented a role he has played
before: explaining to Americans why others might see things differently.
Joshua DuBois, who headed the White House Office of Faith Based and
Neighborhood Partnerships under Obama and has served as an informal spiritual
adviser,
said the president is conscious of the fact that Islam is an abstraction
for much of the general public.
“The president, as a Christian, knows many American Muslims,” DuBois said.
“Unfortunately, a lot of folks in our country don’t have close
relationships with Muslims. The only time they’re hearing about Islam is in
the
context of the foreign policy crisis or what’s happening with ISIS.”
As a result, many Americans have an increasingly hostile view of Islam. A
Pew Research Center survey last fall found that half of Americans think the
Islamic religion is more likely than others to encourage violence, while 39
percent said it does not. The view that Islam is more apt to encourage
violent acts rose 12 percentage points from the beginning of 2014 and was
double the number who said so in March 2002 — less than a year after the Sept.
11 attacks.
In the past, Obama has used stark, personal terms to describe ongoing
tensions between African Americans and America’s white majority. When
discussing
the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the February 2012 shooting of Trayvon
Martin, a black teenager, he spoke of being trailed while shopping in a
department store and hearing the locks on cars click as he walked down the
street.
But he has also framed the most incendiary aspects of race relations —
whether it’s the moment when his former pastor, the Rev. Jeremiah A. Wright,
thundered “God damn America” from the pulpit or the shooting of another
unarmed young black man, Michael Brown — as an opportunity to test the concept
of American exceptionalism.
He titled the 2008 speech he delivered in Philadelphia about Wright “A More
Perfect Union,” a phrase he echoed 6 1 /2 years later when he addressed
the United Nations General Assembly.
“We welcome the scrutiny of the world — because what you see in America is
a country that has steadily worked to address our problems and make our
union more perfect,” Obama said. “America is not the same as it was 100
years ago, 50 years ago or even a decade ago. Because we fight for our ideals
and are willing to criticize ourselves when we fall short.”
But each of these admissions of fault — whether it is Obama’s
acknowledgment during his 2009 Cairo speech that the United States was
involved in the
1953 coup overthrowing the government of Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad
Mossadegh or the suggestion that America has “a moral responsibility to act”
on arms control because only the United States had “used a nuclear weapon”
— has drawn sharp criticism from opponents.
Obama has argued that United States is exceptional because it responds to
its citizens’ frank assessments of whether it lives up to its core values.
And he has defended the exceptional role it plays in the world given its
military power and political traditions, like when Obama decided to intervene
in Libya on the grounds that it is not in America’s nature to stand by
while a civilian population is threatened.
But he has always argued that straying from those values, as he believes
happened during the George W. Bush administration, weakens the United States.
“We went off course,” he said early in his presidency of the detention
and interrogation practices of his predecessor, and he pledged to end
torture, close the military prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and correct what
he
defined as mistakes America made during the country’s “season of fear.”
Critics say that Obama is chastising the wrong people.
“The evil actions that he mentioned were clearly outside the moral pa
rameters of Christianity itself and were met with overwhelming moral
opposition
from Christians,” Moore said. He added that while he understood Obama’s
attempt to make sure “he is not heard as saying that all Muslims are
terrorists, I think most people know that at this point.”
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