New York Times
 
 
Sorry, Liberals. Bigotry Didn’t  Elect Donald Trump.
 
By DAVID PAUL KUHNDEC. 26, 2016 
 
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Donald J. Trump won the  white working-class vote over Hillary Clinton by a 
larger margin than any  major-party nominee since World War II. Instead of 
this considerable achievement  inspiring introspection, figures from the 
heights of _journalism_ 
(http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/an-american-tragedy-2) , 
_entertainment_ 
(http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/10/arts/music/madonna-billboard-awards-speech-ageism-sexism.html)
 , _literature_ 
(http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/11/21/making-america-white-again)  and  
the 
_Clinton campaign_ 
(https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/shouting-match-erupts-between-clinton-and-trump-aides/2016/12/01/7ac4398e-b7ea-11e6-b8df-600bd9d3
8a02_story.html) continue to suggest that Mr. Trump won the presidency  by 
appealing to the bigotry of his supporters. As Bill Clinton recently said,  
the one thing Mr. Trump knows “is how to get angry white men to vote for  
him.” 
This stereotyping of Trump  voters is not only illiberal, it falsely 
presumes Mr. Trump won because of his worst comments about women and  
minorities 
rather than despite them. 
In fact, had those people  who agreed that Mr. Trump lacked “a sense of 
decency” voted for Mrs. Clinton,  she would have been elected the next 
president. 
Mrs. Clinton and Mr. Trump  equally won over party loyalists. Yet about one 
in five voters did not have a  favorable view of either candidate. These 
voters overwhelmingly backed Mr.  Trump. Exit polls _demonstrated_ 
(http://www.edisonresearch.com/hidden-group-won-election-trump-exit-poll-analysis-edison
-research/)  that if  voters who disapproved of both candidates had divided 
evenly between them, Mrs.  Clinton would have won. 
Several weeks before the  election, a Quinnipiac University _poll_ 
(https://poll.qu.edu/images/polling/us/us10192016_U29frgv.pdf/)  found that 51 
percent of white  working-class voters did not believe that Mr. Trump had a “
sense of decency” and  ranked Mrs. Clinton slightly higher on that quality. 
But they were not voting on decency. Indeed, one-fifth  of voters — more 
than 25 million Americans — said they “somewhat” disapproved of  Mr. Trump’s 
treatment of women. Mr. Trump won three-quarters of these voters,  despite 
their disapprobation. 
Bluntly put, much of the  white working class decided that Mr. Trump could 
be a jerk. Absent any other  champion, they supported the jerk they thought 
was more on their side — that is,  on the issues that most concerned them. 
And anti-immigrant  blowback, for instance, was not what unified them. Mr. 
Trump proposed expelling  illegal immigrants yet more of his voters, by a 50 
percent to 45 percent margin,  said illegal immigrants working here should 
be offered a chance to apply for  legal status rather than be deported. 
In the Obama era, we also  saw that race was not a critical driver of white 
swing votes. Barack Obama won  more support among white men in 2008, 
including the working class, than any  Democrat since 1980. 
Mr. Obama’s support among  these whites was at its peak in 2008 _after_ 
(http://www.davidpaulkuhn.com/Articles/2009%20to%202012%20%20clips/2010%2009-15%
20The%20Crash,%20Obama%20and%20the%20Disappearing%20Dem%20Majority.pdf)  
the stock market crash. At the depths  of the Great Recession that followed, 
blue-collar white men experienced the _most job losses_ 
(http://www.davidpaulkuhn.com/Articles/2009%20to%202012%20%20clips/2009%2012-22%20Obama%20and%20th
e%20Invisible%20Workingman.pdf) . 
Their support began _hemorrhaging_ 
(http://www.davidpaulkuhn.com/Articles/2009%20to%202012%20%20clips/2010%2003-22%20Whit
e%20Men%20Shun%20Democrats%20-%20LA%20Times.pdf)  after  Mr. Obama chose early 
in his presidency — when 
congressional Democrats could  have overcome Republican obstruction — to fight 
for health care reform instead  of a “new New Deal.” 
By 2016, Mr. Trump  personified the vote against the status quo, one still 
not working out for them.  A post-campaign _study_ 
(http://economics.mit.edu/files/12418)  comparing the George W. Bush coalition  
in 2000 to the Trump 
coalition in 2016 found that Mr. Trump particularly  improved in areas hurt 
most by competition from Chinese imports, from the bygone  brick and tile 
industry of Mason City, Iowa, to the flagging furniture plants of  Hickory, 
N.C. The study concluded that, had the import competition from China  been 
half as large, Mrs. Clinton would have won key swing states and the  presidency 
with them. 
This argument does not  ignore bigotry. Racism appeared more concentrated 
among Trump voters. One _poll_ 
(http://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/rngs/USA-ELECTION-RACE/010020H7174/USA-ELECTION-RACE.jpg)
  found that four in 10 
Trump supporters  said blacks were more “lazy” than whites, compared with 
one-quarter of Clinton  or John Kasich supporters. 
But traits are not motives and don’t necessarily  decide votes. Consider 
that four in 10 liberal Democrats, the largest share of  any group, _said_ 
(http://www.people-press.org/files/legacy-pdf/06-02-11%202012%20Campaign%20Relea
se.pdf)  in 2011 that they would hold a Mormon  candidate’s faith against 
him or her. It would be silly to argue that,  therefore, liberals voted for 
Mr. Obama because Mitt Romney was  Mormon. 
Yet the Trump coalition  continues to be branded as white backlash. The 
stereotyping forgets that many  Trump supporters held a progressive outlook. 
Mr. Trump won nearly one in four  voters who wanted the next president to 
follow more liberal policies. 
Democrats need only recall  Mr. Clinton to understand how voters can 
support someone in spite of his faults.  Mr. Clinton won re-election in 1996 
despite a majority, including about a third  of liberal voters, saying he 
wasnot 
honest. His approval rating reached the  highest point of his presidency 
during the Monica Lewinsky scandal. It wasn’t  that Democrats and independents 
endorsed Mr. Clinton’s behavior. They opposed  Republicans more. 
Two  decades later, we are reminded again that a vote for a presidential 
candidate is  not a vote for every aspect of him. We can look for the worst in 
our opponents,  but that doesn’t always explain how they got the best of  
us.

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