cloud-fan commented on code in PR #41262:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/41262#discussion_r1205271858


##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/ResolveColumnDefaultInInsert.scala:
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@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.SQLConfHelper
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Alias, Literal}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreePattern.UNRESOLVED_ATTRIBUTE
+import 
org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.util.ResolveDefaultColumns.{containsExplicitDefaultColumn,
 getDefaultValueExpr, isExplicitDefaultColumn}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.errors.QueryCompilationErrors
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructField
+
+/**
+ * A virtual rule to resolve column "DEFAULT" in [[Project]] and 
[[UnresolvedInlineTable]] under
+ * [[InsertIntoStatement]]. It's only used by the real rule 
`ResolveReferences`.
+ *
+ * This virtual rule is triggered if:
+ * 1. The column "DEFAULT" can't be resolved normally by `ResolveReferences`. 
This is guaranteed as
+ *    `ResolveReferences` resolves the query plan bottom up. This means that 
when we reach here to
+ *    resolve [[InsertIntoStatement]], its child plans have already been 
resolved by
+ *    `ResolveReferences`.
+ * 2. The plan nodes between [[Project]] and [[InsertIntoStatement]] are
+ *    all unary nodes that inherit the output columns from its child.
+ * 3. The plan nodes between [[UnresolvedInlineTable]] and 
[[InsertIntoStatement]] are either
+ *    [[Project]], or [[Aggregate]], or [[SubqueryAlias]].
+ */
+case object ResolveColumnDefaultInInsert extends SQLConfHelper with 
ColumnResolutionHelper {
+  // TODO (SPARK-43752): support v2 write commands as well.
+  def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan match {
+    case i: InsertIntoStatement if conf.enableDefaultColumns && 
i.table.resolved &&
+        i.query.containsPattern(UNRESOLVED_ATTRIBUTE) =>
+      val staticPartCols = 
i.partitionSpec.filter(_._2.isDefined).keys.map(normalizeFieldName).toSet
+      val expectedQuerySchema = i.table.schema.filter { field =>
+        !staticPartCols.contains(normalizeFieldName(field.name))
+      }
+      if (i.userSpecifiedCols.isEmpty) {
+        i.withNewChildren(Seq(resolveColumnDefault(i.query, 
expectedQuerySchema)))
+      } else {
+        // Reorder the fields in `expectedQuerySchema` according to the 
user-specified column list
+        // of the INSERT command.
+        val colNamesToFields: Map[String, StructField] = 
expectedQuerySchema.map { field =>
+          normalizeFieldName(field.name) -> field
+        }.toMap
+        val reorder = i.userSpecifiedCols.map { col =>
+          colNamesToFields.get(normalizeFieldName(col))
+        }
+        if (reorder.forall(_.isDefined)) {
+          i.withNewChildren(Seq(resolveColumnDefault(i.query, 
reorder.flatten)))
+        } else {
+          i
+        }
+      }
+
+    case _ => plan
+  }
+
+  private def resolveColumnDefault(
+      plan: LogicalPlan,
+      expectedQuerySchema: Seq[StructField],
+      acceptProject: Boolean = true,
+      acceptInlineTable: Boolean = true): LogicalPlan = {
+    plan match {
+      case _: SubqueryAlias =>
+        plan.mapChildren(
+          resolveColumnDefault(_, expectedQuerySchema, acceptProject, 
acceptInlineTable))
+
+      case _: GlobalLimit | _: LocalLimit | _: Offset | _: Sort if 
acceptProject =>
+        plan.mapChildren(
+          resolveColumnDefault(_, expectedQuerySchema, acceptInlineTable = 
false))
+
+      case p: Project if acceptProject && p.child.resolved &&
+          p.containsPattern(UNRESOLVED_ATTRIBUTE) &&
+          p.projectList.length <= expectedQuerySchema.length =>
+        val newProjectList = p.projectList.zipWithIndex.map {

Review Comment:
   I'll add doc for the `resolveColumnDefault` method.



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