Salut listasi,
Scenariu: un server CentOS cu RAID1 software, localizat in Canada
(=> n-am acces fizic). La consola e un amic electronist (=> cunostinte
de Linux doar la nivel de baza), care a ramas pe post de administrator
dupa ce sysadminul a plecat.
S-a intimplat "ceva" care a dus la blocarea serviciului de mail.
Raspunsul prompt (windows-style) a fost: hai sa rebootam. Dupa
reboot, calculatorul a ramas blocat, cu ledul de la disc aprins. A
fost lasat asa o vreme destul de lunga - s-a presupus ca face
disk-checking.
Dupa perioada de asteptare, amicul a folosit un live-CD (Mepis)
pentru a boota, si a verificat daca poate monta discurile individuale.
A putut. Aparent a facut si fsck pe partitiile individuale, dar fsck
"nu a functionat". Daca am inteles bine, fsck a ramas agatat si a fost
intrerupt cu Ctrl-C. Nu shtiu ce altceva o mai fi incercat.
Dupa toate astea, prietenul a apelat la mine. Pentru a pune capac la
pupaza, mentionez ca experienta mea cu RAID-uri este cvasi-nula.
Anyway, l-am pus sa imi faca un reverse SSH tunnel (de pe CD-ul live)
si am deschis o consola pe calculatorul lui. Ce am constatat eu: mai
multe device-uri, corespunzind la: /boot, radacina, /home, /var, /tmp
si swap. Cele pt radacina, swap si /var erau marcate ca degraded. Dupa
multe sapaturi prin manuale si howto-uri, am resincronizat corect
(cred) toate device-urille. Cu ocazia asta am descoperit si ca /var
era 100% plin din cauza unui log-file care o luase razna (3.1 GB).
Asta presupun ca explica problema initiala cu serviciul de mail si cu
bootarea.
Bun, si acum vine partea interesanta: Calculatorul refuza in
continuare sa booteze de pe RAID. La bootarea de pe CD totul imi pare
in regula - pot sa montez/accesez sistemul de fisiere de pe oricare
dispozitiv RAID. Logurile Mepisului nu raporteaza nimic suspect (am
uitat sa le copiez, da' take my word for it).
Sunt complet in ceata, plus ignorant in ce priveshte RAID. Poate
cineva sa ma ajute cu o idee ? Informatiile tehnice vin mai jos.
Mihai
============================
I-am cerut amicului sa scrie litera cu litera ce apare pe ultimul
ecran la bootare. Citez:
---------------------------------------------
md:Autodetecting RAID arrays.
md:autorun ...
md:considering sdb5 ...
md:adding sdb5 ...
md:adding sda5 ...
md:md5 already running, cannot run sdb5
md:export_rdev (sda5)
md:export_rdev (sdb5)
md:... autorun DONE.
- liniile de mai sus se repeta de cel putin 5 ori (pe tot ecranul
vizibil), dupa care:
kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
---------------------------------------------
Si atit - se pare ca ramine aici. Folosind CD-ul de Mepis am gasit
/etc/raidtab-ul si /etc/fstab-ul de pe sistemul original:
-----------------------------------
/etc/raidtab:
raiddev /dev/md0
raid-level 1
nr-raid-disks 2
nr-spare-disks 0
persistent-superblock 1
chunk-size 0
device /dev/sda1
raid-disk 0
device /dev/sdb1
raid-disk 1
raiddev /dev/md1
raid-level 1
nr-raid-disks 2
nr-spare-disks 0
persistent-superblock 1
chunk-size 0
device /dev/sda2
raid-disk 0
device /dev/sdb2
raid-disk 1
raiddev /dev/md3
raid-level 1
nr-raid-disks 2
nr-spare-disks 0
persistent-superblock 1
chunk-size 0
device /dev/sda3
raid-disk 0
device /dev/sdb3
raid-disk 1
raiddev /dev/md5
raid-level 1
nr-raid-disks 2
nr-spare-disks 0
persistent-superblock 1
chunk-size 0
device /dev/sda5
raid-disk 0
device /dev/sdb5
raid-disk 1
raiddev /dev/md2
raid-level 1
nr-raid-disks 2
nr-spare-disks 0
persistent-superblock 1
chunk-size 0
device /dev/sda6
raid-disk 0
device /dev/sdb6
raid-disk 1
raiddev /dev/md4
raid-level 1
nr-raid-disks 2
nr-spare-disks 0
persistent-superblock 1
chunk-size 0
device /dev/sda7
raid-disk 0
device /dev/sdb7
raid-disk 1
-----------------------------------
/etc/fstab:
# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see 'man fstab-sync' for details
/dev/md1 / ext3 defaults 1 1
/dev/md0 /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
/dev/md4 /home ext3
defaults,usrquota,grpquota 1 2
none /proc proc defaults 0 0
none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
/dev/md2 /tmp ext3 defaults 1 2
/dev/md3 /var ext3 defaults 1 2
/dev/md5 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/hda /media/cdrom auto
pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0
-------------------------------------
Daca bootez de pe CD, pot sa rulez urmatoarele:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md255 : active raid1 dm-1[1] dm-0[0]
104526784 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md5 : active raid1 sda7[0] sdb7[1]
104526784 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md4 : active raid1 sda6[0] sdb6[1]
1052160 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md3 : active raid1 sda5[0] sdb5[1]
1052160 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md2 : active raid1 sda3[0] sdb3[1]
4192896 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1]
6289344 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1]
104320 blocks [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 367617ec:8af7cd32:00e4eacd:0fee3cd6
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:23 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 0
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 5f0d7c3 - correct
Events : 0.7617
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
0 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 367617ec:8af7cd32:00e4eacd:0fee3cd6
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:23 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 0
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 5f0d7d5 - correct
Events : 0.7617
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
0 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sda2
/dev/sda2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 157ffd86:d8fee652:ecb8f689:20596daf
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:17 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 1
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:46:32 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 31cff10d - correct
Events : 0.18373729
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2
0 0 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2
1 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 157ffd86:d8fee652:ecb8f689:20596daf
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:17 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 1
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:46:32 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 31cff11f - correct
Events : 0.18373729
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2
0 0 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2
1 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sda3
/dev/sda3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 48e886c0:343d8686:18927915:a460345d
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:26:37 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 2
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 72f64a40 - correct
Events : 0.41406043
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda3
0 0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda3
1 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sdb3
/dev/sdb3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 48e886c0:343d8686:18927915:a460345d
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:26:37 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 2
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 72f64a52 - correct
Events : 0.41406043
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3
0 0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda3
1 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sda4
mdadm: Cannot seek to superblock on /dev/sda4: Invalid argument
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sdb4
mdadm: Cannot seek to superblock on /dev/sdb4: Invalid argument
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sda5
/dev/sda5:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 13f7193a:fda2fb64:6a1140ee:75c10652
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:17 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 5
Update Time : Mon Jun 4 18:04:30 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 25299cf4 - correct
Events : 0.51588
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 5 0 active sync /dev/sda5
0 0 8 5 0 active sync /dev/sda5
1 1 8 21 1 active sync /dev/sdb5
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sdb5
/dev/sdb5:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 13f7193a:fda2fb64:6a1140ee:75c10652
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:17 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 5
Update Time : Mon Jun 4 18:04:30 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 25299d06 - correct
Events : 0.51588
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 21 1 active sync /dev/sdb5
0 0 8 5 0 active sync /dev/sda5
1 1 8 21 1 active sync /dev/sdb5
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sda6
/dev/sda6:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : bdf9b0f4:beaf6de0:0d62805c:9ea40a92
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:26:32 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 4
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 5d198e69 - correct
Events : 0.5631783
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 6 0 active sync /dev/sda6
0 0 8 6 0 active sync /dev/sda6
1 1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sdb6
/dev/sdb6:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : bdf9b0f4:beaf6de0:0d62805c:9ea40a92
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:26:32 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 4
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 5d198e7b - correct
Events : 0.5631783
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
0 0 8 6 0 active sync /dev/sda6
1 1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sda7
/dev/sda7:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 80555340:ed931465:07c0da6d:6bf58d97
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:24 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 5
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 1f1b8afa - correct
Events : 0.30009276
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 7 0 active sync /dev/sda7
0 0 8 7 0 active sync /dev/sda7
1 1 8 23 1 active sync /dev/sdb7
[EMAIL PROTECTED] mdadm -E /dev/sdb7
/dev/sdb7:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
UUID : 80555340:ed931465:07c0da6d:6bf58d97
Creation Time : Sat Mar 18 03:25:24 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 5
Update Time : Wed Jun 6 12:44:28 2007
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 1f1b8b0c - correct
Events : 0.30009276
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 23 1 active sync /dev/sdb7
0 0 8 7 0 active sync /dev/sda7
1 1 8 23 1 active sync /dev/sdb7
[EMAIL PROTECTED] fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 14 796 6289447+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 797 1318 4192965 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda4 1319 14593 106631437+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 1319 1449 1052226 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda6 1450 1580 1052226 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda7 1581 14593 104526891 fd Linux raid autodetect
[EMAIL PROTECTED] fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 13 104391 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2 14 796 6289447+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb3 797 1318 4192965 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb4 1319 14593 106631437+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1319 1449 1052226 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb6 1450 1580 1052226 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb7 1581 14593 104526891 fd Linux raid autodetect
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