> On Fri, 26 Nov 2004, cristivoinicaru wrote: > > > A reusit cineva sa puna Zebra pe Fedora 1? > > Ghici! >
Cu ajutorul nemijlocit al domnului Tarhon-Onu Victor am reusit sa-l pun si eu. I-i multumesc si pe aceasta cale pt. ajutorul acordat! (arhitectura retelei este prezentata pe net la adresa: http://cristiv1.8m.com/linux/quagga/quagga.html ) Lucare practica Scopul lucrarii <top> Prezenta lucrare isi propune sa prezinte, in scop didactic instalarea, configurarea si utilizarea programului de rutare quagga Modu de realizare <top> In acest scop am alcatuit o retea formata din trei calculatoare dotate fiecare cu cate doua placi de retea conectate intre ele cu ajutorul a 3 cabluri UTP de tip cross-over. Fiecare calculator are suplimentar configurata inca o interfata generica dummy0 spre cate o retea locala. Ne propunem folosind programul de rutare quagga sa asiguram redundata acestor trei interfete generice. Dispunerea claculatoarelor este in forma de triunghi legate intre ele cu ajutorul a trei cabluri UTP de tip crossover. arhitectura Configurare router R1 <top> Denumire router: intra.net System de operare: Fedora Core1 1)Configuare interfete Routerul R1 dispune de doua interfete tip Ethernet (eth0, eth1) plus o interfata virtuala dummy0 Placi retea Ethernet: Interfata eth0: RTL-8029(AS) Interfata eth1: RTL-8029(AS) Fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 este de forma: # Realtek|RTL-8029(AS) DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=10.0.0.1 NETMASK=255.255.255.252 HWADDR=00:E0:29:48:B2:5E USERCTL=no PEERDNS=no TYPE=Ethernet Fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 este de forma: # Realtek|RTL-8029(AS) DEVICE=eth1 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=none #IPADDR=192.168.9.10 IPADDR=10.0.0.10 #NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.252 NETWORK=10.0.0.8 TYPE=Ethernet #GATEWAY=192.168.1.31 HWADDR=00:E0:7D:7D:20:FA USERCTL=no PEERDNS=no Se creaza un fisier /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-dummy0 cu drepturi identice cu celelalte doua si cu urmatorul continut: # Realtek|RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ DEVICE=dummy0 IPADDR=10.0.1.1 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 BROADCAST=10.0.1.255 NETWORK=10.0.1.0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static In fisierul /etc/modprobe.conf se adauga linia: Alias dummy0 dummy Acesta este de forma: include /etc/modprobe.conf.dist alias eth0 8139too alias dummy0 dummy Activam interfata dummy0: #ifup dummy0 Se activeaza forwardarea prin setarea variblei net.ipv4.ip_forward din fisierul /etc/sysctl.conf pe valoarea 1 Acesta va fi de forma urmatoare: # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 Se tasteaza de la consola comanda: #sysctl -p In fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network se adauga linia: NOZEROCONF=yes Acesta va avea forma urmatoare: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=intra.net NOZEROCONF=yes Se reporneste serviciul de retea: #service network restart Verificare interfete: dummy0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet addr:10.0.1.1 Bcast:10.0.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:C0:26:21:56:DA inet addr:10.0.0.1 Bcast:10.0.0.3 Mask:255.255.255.252 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:E0:7D:7D:20:FA inet addr:10.0.0.10 Bcast:10.0.0.11 Mask:255.255.255.252 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 2)Instalare si configurarare program quagga Se instaleaza pachetul quagga, pachet ce vine implicit cu kitul de Fedora (quagga-0.96.3-1). #rpm -I quagga-0.96.3-1.rpm Configuram fisierul /etc/quagga/zebra.conf de forma: hostname intra.net password xxx Creem un fisier /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf cu un continut identic (inclusive drepturi) cu al celui precedent Pornim serviciul ospfd dupa care zebra (ATENTIE! Aceasta ordine este obligatorie la pornire precum si la oprire!!!) #service ospfd start #service zebra start Verificam ca acestea sunt pornite: [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep zebra 6661 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/zebra -d -A 127.0.0.1 6665 pts/2 S 0:00 grep zebra [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep ospf 6559 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/ospfd -d -A 127.0.0.1 6667 pts/2 S 0:00 grep ospf [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep ospf Configuram ospfd_ul: [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# telnet localhost 2604 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Hello, this is quagga (version 0.96.3). Copyright 1996-2002 Kunihiro Ishiguro. User Access Verification Password: intra.net> enable intra.net# conf t intra.net(config)# router ospf intra.net(config-router)# ospf router-id 10.0.1.1 intra.net(config-router)# redistribute connected intra.net(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0/30 area 0 intra.net(config-router)# network 10.0.0.8/30 area 0 intra.net(config-router)# (aici este combinatia de taste CTRL+Z) intra.net# wr mem Configuration saved to /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf intra.net# exit Connection closed by foreign host. [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# Fisisierul /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf va fi de forma: ! ! Zebra configuration saved from vty ! 2004/11/30 17:28:18 ! hostname intra.net password xxx ! ! ! interface dummy0 ! interface eth0 ! interface eth1 ! interface lo ! router ospf ospf router-id 10.0.1.1 redistribute connected network 10.0.0.0/30 area 0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.8/30 area 0.0.0.0 ! line vty ! Repornim ospf_ul si zebra (atentie la ordine!) #service zebra stop #service ospf stop #service ospf start #service zebra start Configurare router R2 <top> Denumire router: gw1 System de operare: Fedora Core1 1)Configuare interfete Routerul R2 dispune de doua interfete tip Ethernet (eth0, eth1) plus o interfata virtuala dummy0 Placi retea Ethernet: Interfata eth0: RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Interfata eth1: RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 este de forma: # Realtek|RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none BROADCAST=10.0.0.7 HWADDR=00:A0:D2:1C:55:03 IPADDR=10.0.0.5 NETMASK=255.255.255.252 NETWORK=10.0.0.4 ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet USERCTL=no PEERDNS=no Fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 este de forma: # Realtek|RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ DEVICE=eth1 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=10.0.0.2 NETMASK=255.255.255.252 HWADDR=00:00:21:E5:AF:2D TYPE=Ethernet USERCTL=no PEERDNS=no Se creaza un fisier /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-dummy0 cu drepturi identice cu celelalte doua si cu urmatorul continut: # Realtek|RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ DEVICE=dummy0 IPADDR=10.0.2.2 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 BROADCAST=10.0.2.255 NETWORK=10.0.2.0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static In fisierul /etc/modprobe.conf se adauga linia: Alias dummy0 dummy Acesta este de forma: include /etc/modprobe.conf.dist alias eth0 8139too alias dummy0 dummy Se activeaza interfata dummy0: #ifup dummy0 Se activeaza forwardarea prin setarea variblei net.ipv4.ip_forward din fisierul /etc/sysctl.conf pe valoarea 1 Acesta va fi de forma urmatoare: # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 Se tasteaza de la consola comanda: #sysctl -p In fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network se adauga linia: NOZEROCONF=yes Acesta va avea forma urmatoare: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=gw1 NOZEROCONF=yes Se reporneste serviciul de retea: #service network restart Verificare interfete: masina gw1 (router_ul1) dummy0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet addr:10.0.2.2 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:C0:26:21:56:DA inet addr:10.0.0.5 Bcast:10.0.0.7 Mask:255.255.255.252 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:E0:7D:7D:20:FA inet addr:10.0.0.2 Bcast:10.0.0.3 Mask:255.255.255.252 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 2)Instalare si configurarare program quagga Se instaleaza pachetul quagga, pachet ce vine implicit cu kitul de Fedora (quagga-0.96.3-1). #rpm -I quagga-0.96.3-1.rpm Configuram fisierul /etc/quagga/zebra.conf de forma: hostname gw1 password xxx Creem un fisier /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf cu un continut identic (inclusive drepturi) cu al celui precedent Pornim serviciul ospfd dupa care zebra (ATENTIE! Aceasta ordine este obligatorie la pornire precum si la oprire!!!) #service ospfd start #service zebra start Verificam ca acestea sunt pornite: [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep zebra 6661 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/zebra -d -A 127.0.0.1 6665 pts/2 S 0:00 grep zebra [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep ospf 6559 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/ospfd -d -A 127.0.0.1 6667 pts/2 S 0:00 grep ospf [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep ospf Configuram ospfd_ul: [root@ gw1 root]# telnet localhost 2604 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Hello, this is quagga (version 0.96.3). Copyright 1996-2002 Kunihiro Ishiguro. User Access Verification Password: gw1> enable gw1# conf t gw1(config)# router ospf gw1(config-router)# ospf router-id 10.0.2.2 gw1config-router)# redistribute connected gw1(config-router)# network 10.0.0.4/30 area 0 gw1(config-router)# network 10.0.0.8/30 area 0 gw1(config-router)# (aici este combinatia de taste CTRL+Z) gw1# wr mem Configuration saved to /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf gw1# exit Connection closed by foreign host. [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# Fisisierul /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf va fi de forma: ! ! Zebra configuration saved from vty ! 2004/11/30 17:21:12 ! hostname gw1 password xxx ! ! ! interface dummy0 ! interface eth0 ! interface eth1 ! interface lo ! router ospf ospf router-id 10.0.2.2 redistribute connected network 10.0.0.4/30 area 0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.8/30 area 0.0.0.0 ! line vty ! Repornim ospf_ul si zebra (atentie la ordine!) #service zebra stop #service ospf stop #service ospf start #service zebra start Configurare router R3 <top> Denumire router: router3 System de operare: Fedora Core1 1)Configuare interfete Routerul R3 dispune de doua interfete tip Ethernet (eth0, eth1) plus o interfata virtuala dummy0 Placi retea Ethernet: Interfata eth0: 82557/8/9 [Ethernet Pro 100] Interfata eth1: RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 este de forma: # Intel Corp.|82557/8/9 [Ethernet Pro 100] DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none BROADCAST=10.0.0.11 HWADDR=00:D0:B7:40:A5:A0 IPADDR=10.0.0.9 NETMASK=255.255.255.252 NETWORK=10.0.0.8 ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet USERCTL=no PEERDNS=no Fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 este de forma: # Realtek|RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=none BROADCAST=10.0.0.7 HWADDR=00:02:44:66:2A:62 IPADDR=10.0.0.6 NETMASK=255.255.255.252 NETWORK=10.0.0.4 ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet USERCTL=no PEERDNS=no Se creaza un fisier /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-dummy0 cu drepturi identice cu celelalte doua si cu urmatorul continut: # Intel Corp.|82557/8/9 [Ethernet Pro 100] DEVICE=dummy0 IPADDR=10.0.3.3 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 BROADCAST=10.0.3.255 NETWORK=10.0.3.0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static In fisierul /etc/modprobe.conf se adauga linia: Alias dummy0 dummy Acesta este de forma: include /etc/modprobe.conf.dist alias eth0 e100 alias eth1 8139too alias scsi_hostadapter aic7xxx alias dummy0 dummy Se activeaza interfata dummy0: #ifup dummy0 Se activeaza forwardarea prin setarea variblei net.ipv4.ip_forward din fisierul /etc/sysctl.conf pe valoarea 1 Acesta va fi de forma urmatoare: # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 Se tasteaza de la consola comanda: #sysctl -p In fisierul /etc/sysconfig/network se adauga linia: NOZEROCONF=yes Acesta va avea forma urmatoare: NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=router3 Se reporneste serviciul de retea: #service network restart Verificare interfete: dummy0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet addr:10.0.3.3 Bcast:10.0.3.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:D0:B7:40:A5:A0 inet addr:10.0.0.9 Bcast:10.0.0.11 Mask:255.255.255.252 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:02:44:66:2A:62 inet addr:10.0.0.6 Bcast:10.0.0.7 Mask:255.255.255.252 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 2)Instalare si configurarare program quagga Se instaleaza pachetul quagga, pachet ce vine implicit cu kitul de Fedora (quagga-0.96.3-1). #rpm -I quagga-0.96.3-1.rpm Configuram fisierul /etc/quagga/zebra.conf de forma: hostname router3 password xxx Creem un fisier /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf cu un continut identic (inclusive drepturi) cu al celui precedent Pornim serviciul ospfd dupa care zebra (ATENTIE! Aceasta ordine este obligatorie la pornire precum si la oprire!!!) #service ospfd start #service zebra start Verificam ca acestea sunt pornite: [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep zebra 6661 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/zebra -d -A 127.0.0.1 6665 pts/2 S 0:00 grep zebra [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep ospf 6559 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/ospfd -d -A 127.0.0.1 6667 pts/2 S 0:00 grep ospf [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ps ax | grep ospf Configuram ospfd_ul: [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# telnet localhost 2604 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Hello, this is quagga (version 0.96.3). Copyright 1996-2002 Kunihiro Ishiguro. User Access Verification Password: router3> enable router3# conf t router3(config)# router ospf router3(config-router)# ospf router-id 10.0.3.3 router3(config-router)# redistribute connected router3(config-router)# network 10.0.0.4/30 area 0 router3(config-router)# network 10.0.0.8/30 area 0 router3(config-router)# (aici este combinatia de taste CTRL+Z) router3# wr mem Configuration saved to /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf router3# exit Connection closed by foreign host. [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# Fisisierul /etc/quagga/ospfd.conf va fi de forma: ! ! Zebra configuration saved from vty ! 2004/12/01 15:11:22 ! hostname router3 password xxx ! ! ! interface dummy0 ! interface eth0 ! interface eth1 ! interface lo ! router ospf ospf router-id 10.0.3.3 redistribute connected network 10.0.0.4/30 area 0.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.8/30 area 0.0.0.0 ! line vty ! Repornim ospf_ul si zebra (atentie la ordine!) #service zebra stop #service ospf stop #service ospf start #service zebra start Teste <top> 1)Vizualizam rutele pe fiecare masina in parte: Router R1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.0.0.4 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.252 UG 20 0 0 eth1 10.0.0.0 * 255.255.255.252 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.8 * 255.255.255.252 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 dummy0 10.0.2.0 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.0 UG 20 0 0 eth1 10.0.3.0 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.0 UG 20 0 0 eth1 127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# telnet localhost 2604 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Hello, this is quagga (version 0.96.3). copyright 1996-2002 Kunihiro Ishiguro. User Access Verification Password: intra.net> show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface RXmtL RqstL DBsmL 10.0.3.3 1 Full/DR 00:00:35 10.0.0.9 eth1:10.0.0.10 0 0 0 intra.net> show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (10.0.1.1) Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Link count 10.0.1.1 10.0.1.1 755 0x80000007 0x9f41 2 10.0.2.2 10.0.2.2 476 0x80000005 0x8484 1 10.0.3.3 10.0.3.3 478 0x80000007 0x07ba 2 Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum 10.0.0.6 10.0.3.3 478 0x80000004 0x55c6 10.0.0.10 10.0.1.1 755 0x80000004 0x24f9 AS External Link States Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Route 10.0.0.0 10.0.2.2 426 0x80000005 0x9a0b E2 10.0.0.0/30 [0x0] 10.0.1.0 10.0.1.1 702 0x80000005 0xaef4 E2 10.0.1.0/24 [0x0] 10.0.2.0 10.0.2.2 416 0x80000005 0x960a E2 10.0.2.0/24 [0x0] 10.0.3.0 10.0.3.3 372 0x80000006 0x7c20 E2 10.0.3.0/24 [0x0] Router R2 [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.0.0.4 * 255.255.255.252 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 * 255.255.255.252 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.0.8 10.0.0.6 255.255.255.252 UG 20 0 0 eth0 10.0.1.0 10.0.0.6 255.255.255.0 UG 20 0 0 eth0 10.0.2.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 dummy0 10.0.3.0 10.0.0.6 255.255.255.0 UG 20 0 0 eth0 127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# telnet localhost 2604 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Hello, this is quagga (version 0.96.3). Copyright 1996-2002 Kunihiro Ishiguro. User Access Verification Password: gw1> show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface RXmtL RqstL DBsmL 10.0.3.3 1 Full/DR 00:00:32 10.0.0.6 eth0:10.0.0.5 0 0 0 gw1> show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (10.0.2.2) Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Link count 10.0.1.1 10.0.1.1 1210 0x80000007 0x9f41 2 10.0.2.2 10.0.2.2 926 0x80000005 0x8484 1 10.0.3.3 10.0.3.3 931 0x80000007 0x07ba 2 Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum 10.0.0.6 10.0.3.3 931 0x80000004 0x55c6 10.0.0.10 10.0.1.1 1210 0x80000004 0x24f9 AS External Link States Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Route 10.0.0.0 10.0.2.2 877 0x80000005 0x9a0b E2 10.0.0.0/30 [0x0] 10.0.1.0 10.0.1.1 1157 0x80000005 0xaef4 E2 10.0.1.0/24 [0x0] 10.0.2.0 10.0.2.2 867 0x80000005 0x960a E2 10.0.2.0/24 [0x0] 10.0.3.0 10.0.3.3 824 0x80000006 0x7c20 E2 10.0.3.0/24 [0x0] Router R3 [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.0.0.4 * 255.255.255.252 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.0.0 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.252 UG 20 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.8 * 255.255.255.252 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.1.0 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.0 UG 20 0 0 eth0 10.0.2.0 10.0.0.5 255.255.255.0 UG 20 0 0 eth1 10.0.3.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 dummy0 169.254.0.0 * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# telnet localhost 2604 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Hello, this is quagga (version 0.96.3). Copyright 1996-2002 Kunihiro Ishiguro. User Access Verification Password: router3> show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface RXmtL RqstL DBsmL 10.0.1.1 1 Full/Backup 00:00:35 10.0.0.10 eth0:10.0.0.9 0 0 0 10.0.2.2 1 Full/Backup 00:00:35 10.0.0.5 eth1:10.0.0.6 0 0 0 router3> show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (10.0.3.3) Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Link count 10.0.1.1 10.0.1.1 1409 0x80000007 0x9f41 2 10.0.2.2 10.0.2.2 1127 0x80000005 0x8484 1 10.0.3.3 10.0.3.3 1129 0x80000007 0x07ba 2 Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum 10.0.0.6 10.0.3.3 1129 0x80000004 0x55c6 10.0.0.10 10.0.1.1 1409 0x80000004 0x24f9 AS External Link States Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# CkSum Route 10.0.0.0 10.0.2.2 1078 0x80000005 0x9a0b E2 10.0.0.0/30 [0x0] 10.0.1.0 10.0.1.1 1356 0x80000005 0xaef4 E2 10.0.1.0/24 [0x0] 10.0.2.0 10.0.2.2 1068 0x80000005 0x960a E2 10.0.2.0/24 [0x0] 10.0.3.0 10.0.3.3 1023 0x80000006 0x7c20 E2 10.0.3.0/24 [0x0] Test final <top> a)legatura intre R1 si R2 intrerupta: [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ping -I 10.0.1.1 10.0.2.2 PING 10.0.2.2 (10.0.2.2) from 10.0.1.1 : 56(84) bytes of data. ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable b)legatura intre R1 si R2 refacuta : [EMAIL PROTECTED] root]# ping -I 10.0.1.1 10.0.2.2 PING 10.0.2.2 (10.0.2.2) from 10.0.1.1 : 56(84) bytes of data. ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=7 ttl=63 time=0.960 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=8 ttl=63 time=0.545 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=9 ttl=63 time=0.591 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=10 ttl=63 time=0.617 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=11 ttl=63 time=0.609 ms Concluzie: Legatura se reia dupa 30 secunde de la intrerupere! Similar pt. celelate 2 legaturi. Aplicatii practice ale programului quagga. <top> Sa zicem ca dispunem de un sistem informatic ce dispune de o aplicatie software ce ruleaza pe doua calculatoare. Unul este un server de baze de date si altul un server web. Aplicatia web ruleaza pe serverul web folosind bazele de date de pe serverul de baze de date. Ca sa avem conectivitate in permanenta trebuie sa folosim ip-uri care sint pe interfete de genul celor de pe dummy0 (sau pe alte interfete care NU sint implicate in conectivitatea pe upstream). Idea este ca in cazul in care una din rute (de exemplu cea mai eficienta ruta) cade (este intrerupta prin inchiderea unui router) pachetele trebuie sa gaseasca destinatia flosindu-se de exportul rutelor care se realizeaza in mod dinamic cu ajutorul programului quagga. Atentie! Sitemul Nu ofera redundanta DECIT pentru ip-urile din spate (cele de pe eth3, eth4, eth8, de genul dummy0), nu cele implicate in link-uri (/30-urile alea dintre routere). Daca de pe R1 dam ping in 10.0.2.2 (R2) normal atunci ping-ul va pleca cu sursa 10.0.0.1. Daca link-ul dintre R1 si R2 pica atunci se intimpla urmatoarele: - 10.0.2.0/24 ar trebui sa vina via R3, care e 10.0.0.10 ; - pachetele ICMP vor pleca spre 10.0.2.2 in continuare cu sursa 10.0.0.1 (asta daca nu intrerupem ping-ul si dam din nou); - vor ajunge la 10.0.2.2 cu aceasta sursa; - insa R2 va incerca sa raspunda la ele fix prin interfata cu care tocmai am intrerupt link-ul pentru ca el are ruta connected pentru 10.0.0.0/30 pe acea interfata cu broken link. --- Detalii despre listele noastre de mail: http://www.lug.ro/
