#15174: Permutations and symmetric group algebra: Stopgap for #14885 and
noninversions
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   Reporter:  darij      |            Owner:
       Type:  defect     |           Status:  new
   Priority:  major      |        Milestone:  sage-5.12
  Component:             |         Keywords:  permutation, permutation
  combinatorics          |  group, symmetric group, sage-combinat, groups
  Merged in:             |          Authors:  Darij Grinberg
  Reviewers:             |  Report Upstream:  N/A
Work issues:             |           Branch:
     Commit:             |     Dependencies:  #15170
   Stopgaps:             |
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 This patch does the following:

 * Open up a way to circumvent the (in the opinion of several people)
 broken multiplication of permutations (see #14885 and
 https://groups.google.com/forum/#!searchin/sage-devel/permutations/sage-
 devel/tAAb42Edh9o/T-htA50IOZEJ ). To remind, the issue is twofold: first,
 the default order in which Sage multiplies permutation is rather unusual
 to anyone not from the English school of notation; second, the order
 depends on a global variable which can be changed at runtime, which makes
 it unpredictable and a pain to rely on. I don't address the first of these
 issues in my patch, but I ameliorate the second one: There are now global-
 independent methods {{{left_action_product}}} and
 {{{right_action_product}}} on permutations (these are just aliases for the
 already existing methods {{{_left_to_right_multiply_on_left}}} and
 {{{_left_to_right_multiply_on_right}}}, but are now documented and non-
 underscored; besides I hope that my names are clearer), and more
 importantly on symmetric group algebras (these are not just aliases
 anymore; the only multiplication method which we used to have on symmetric
 group algebras dependent on the global). These can be used instead of the
 badly predictable {{{*}}} operator (they're even a bit faster by virtue of
 not branching on the global variable).

 * Improve doc at a few places in {{{combinat/permutation.py}}} and
 {{{combinat/symmetric_group_algebra.py}}}. These are minor, but constitude
 most of the size of the patch.

 * Add methods related to the Reiner-Saliola-Welker conjectures: The number
 of noninversions of a permutation; the antipode of the symmetric group
 algebra; the Reiner-Saliola-Welker shuffling operators (as elements of
 symmetric group algebras); and some elements which can be used to factor
 the latter.

--
Ticket URL: <http://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/15174>
Sage <http://www.sagemath.org>
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