#10963: More functorial constructions
-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------
       Reporter:  nthiery            |        Owner:  stumpc5
           Type:  enhancement        |       Status:  needs_info
       Priority:  major              |    Milestone:  sage-6.2
      Component:  categories         |   Resolution:
       Keywords:  days54             |    Merged in:
        Authors:  Nicolas M. Thiéry  |    Reviewers:  Simon King, Frédéric
Report Upstream:  N/A                |  Chapoton
         Branch:                     |  Work issues:  merge with #15801
  public/ticket/10963-doc-           |  once things stabilize
  distributive                       |       Commit:
   Dependencies:  #11224, #8327,     |  d6a0e608f9b4b7023dd742a57e62486833b6fa97
  #10193, #12895, #14516, #14722,    |     Stopgaps:
  #13589, #14471, #15069, #15094,    |
  #11688, #13394, #15150, #15506,    |
  #15757, #15759                     |
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Comment (by nthiery):

 Replying to [comment:587 nbruin]:
 > Doesn't that mean you construct a free F-module that happens to have
 some extra structure thanks to S?

 Yes, to be precise, the free F-module FS whose basis is indexed by S
 (the linear span of S for short).

 > > Same thing for additive magmas/monoids/groups.
 >
 > Is that the same thing? If S is an additive group and the addition
 induces the additive relations on the F-module generators,

 In this construction, the addition on S induces the *multiplication*
 on FS. E.g., if S is an additive group, FS is the usual group algebra
 of S.

 > > In other words, in most practical use cases, you indeed get an
 > > algebra; actually "the algebra"; hence the name.
 >
 > No, only when you do this with a monoid. (or a magma if you like your
 algebras non-associative)

 Or even a partial magma :-) Those are not yet implement but we already
 had the need for them!

 And of course, by the above, also partial additive magmas.

 Those two cases are the only ones where something non trivial is
 implemented. So at this point the statement "in most practical use
 case" definitely holds :-)

 But upcoming use cases include:

 - "combinatorial" G-module structure on the linear span of a finite
   set S endowed with the action of a group G (or semigroup, ...).

 - Module structure on the linear span of a crystal S

 - ...

 > > Still we need a uniform name,
 >
 > I don't think you do. The construction is nice and functorial over
 multiplicative monoids (magmas if you want to treat associativity as an
 axiom).
 >
 > Outside monoids there is a construction that produces the same setwise
 result (the free F-module), but it's a functor into a different category.
 >
 > F-algebras do not form a full subcategory of F-modules, so treating the
 two functors as separate makes a lot of sense.

 Yes, like CartesianProducts, TensorProducts, and the like, it's indeed
 not a functor, but a functorial construction (i.e. a collection of
 functors). By default, the functor associated to the category of the
 object is applied, but you can specify which functor you want to apply
 by specifying the category.

 > (it doesn't have much to do with this ticket, though).

 Yup.

 Cheers,
                               Nicolas

--
Ticket URL: <http://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/10963#comment:593>
Sage <http://www.sagemath.org>
Sage: Creating a Viable Open Source Alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, 
and MATLAB

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