#7613: twin prime class
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   Reporter:  kevin.stueve   |       Owner:  was                          
       Type:  task           |      Status:  new                          
   Priority:  major          |   Milestone:  sage-4.3                     
  Component:  number theory  |    Keywords:  twin primes counting, sieving
Work_issues:                 |      Author:                               
   Upstream:  N/A            |    Reviewer:  kevin.stueve,was,rohana      
     Merged:                 |  
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 Twin primes are pairs of primes that differ by 2.  Currently the twin
 prime counting function, which counts the number of twin primes less than
 a given x, is not implemented in Sage, Mathematica, or other computer
 algebra systems.  Where it is calculated, the method used is mere sieving.

 Use the approach of #7013 and #7539 to make a competitive (if not the only
 available as general purpose software) implementation of the twin prime
 counting function.  It should be at least 1000-10000 times faster than
 mere sieving.

 (possible names are twin_prime_pi and prime_pi2).

 Implement next_twin_prime, is_twin_prime, is_chen_prime, is_semi_prime
 functions

 Other types of primes such as cousin primes, prime triplets, and sexy
 primes could also be considered.

 Maybe could also try to compute partial sums of Brun's constant or prime
 harmonics sums.

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Ticket URL: <http://trac.sagemath.org/sage_trac/ticket/7613>
Sage <http://www.sagemath.org>
Sage: Creating a Viable Open Source Alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, 
and MATLAB

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