#10424: Expand matrix augment'ing to allow vectors as input
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   Reporter:  rbeezer         |       Owner:  jason, was
       Type:  enhancement     |      Status:  new       
   Priority:  minor           |   Milestone:  sage-4.6.1
  Component:  linear algebra  |    Keywords:            
     Author:  Rob Beezer      |    Upstream:  N/A       
   Reviewer:                  |      Merged:            
Work_issues:                  |  
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 A common situation for augmenting a matrix is when a beginning student
 might augment a coefficient matrix with a single (column) vector, and then
 analyze the reduced row echelon form to uncover the nature of the solution
 set.  Right now the vector needs to be converted by hand into a matrix
 with a single column (not trivial for a beginner).

 This patch makes this possible easily.  In detail, it:

   1. Demotes the current `augment()` method to a helper method (so that
 its optimized functionality is unchanged).

   2. Makes a new `augment()` method.  Its main purpose is to allow for
 either a matrix or a vector as input, and then error-check and/or sanitize
 the input for the helper function.

   3. Documentation has improved, as written up on the new method, which is
 what a user will see.

 This work suggests two further possible improvements.

   1. Add an option to subdivide the augmented matrix.  An upcoming patch
 will do this (and for `stack()` as well).

   2. Coerce to a common parent, rather than coercing the elements of the
 `other` matrix into the base ring of `self`.

-- 
Ticket URL: <http://trac.sagemath.org/sage_trac/ticket/10424>
Sage <http://www.sagemath.org>
Sage: Creating a Viable Open Source Alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, 
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