Hello, There is a small document, which (I hope) useful to others samba user to avoid mistakes, wrong path, that i take, to reach my goal.
This document is covered by license: xkcd501[12]. 1. Target 2. Situation 2.1. Software versions 2.2. Software setup 3. Data migration 3.1. alternatives 3.1.1. robocopy 3.1.2. xcopy 3.1.3. net 3.1.4. smbfs/cifs 4. Migration 4.1. Start samba 4.2. ACL vs ACL 4.3. mount.cifs 4.4. copy using xcopy 4.5. copy using robocopy 4.6. documentation ... 4.7. net rpc share 4.8. NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED 4.9. share_info.tdb 4.10. ACL test using WINXP on DST 4.11. documentation ... 4.12. Searching for root 4.13. Samba works 4.14. Samba compiling 4.15. Limitations of net rpc share migrate 5. Migrations isn't migration 5.1. How to do better? References 1. Target ========= Goal is to migrate shares from old Pentium III with Windows 2003 (name it SRC) to Samba on Debian stable (name it DST). 2. Situation ============ Both servers are inside a domain. Primary (and the only one) DC runs on Windows 2008 R2. Clients are mostly Windows Vista, Windows 7, some Linux with Samba, some Windows XP machines. SRC is used on during work hours, huge downtime isn't acceptable. Stores about 2TB data on local SATA/IDE disks on NTFS file systems. SRC has about 10 shares. And a lot of files (some times a lot of small files)... Network card is 100Mbps, but copy test shows that on large files SRC capable to make 50Mbps with near 100% CPU-kernel time. On small files speed drops, drops near 10-20 times. Having full time copy this can lead to 20 days [1] copy operation. 2.1. Software versions ---------------------- DST is run on Debian Stable 5.0 (lenny) with samba 2:3.2.5-4lenny13 with kernel 2.6.26-2-amd64 on Intel Core i7, data stored in raiserfs3 with ACL. SRC with Windows 2003 running on Pentium 3. Data stored on several NTFS partitions. 2.2. Software setup ------------------- DST are joined into Domain. Domain name is MSHOME. This document doesn't covers, domain join part, this is described inside The Official Samba 3.5.x HOWTO and Reference Guide[5]. There I will show that DST is correctly (I hope) configured, and how to check that. Is the winbindd deamon running? DST# pidof winbindd 12111 12108 12072 12067 12064 Is winbind enabled in nsswitch.conf? DST# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf | grep winbind passwd: compat winbind group: compat winbind Is winbind working? DST# getent passwd | grep administrator administrator:*:10004:10013:Administrator:/home/MSHOME/administrator:/bin/false DST# wbinfo -u | grep -i administrator administrator DST# wbinfo -U 10004 S-1-5-21-3103004317-3667232127-1157729718-500 DST# wbinfo -s S-1-5-21-3103004317-3667232127-1157729718-500 MSHOME+Administrator 1 What /etc/samba/smb.conf is? DST# testparm -s 2>/dev/null| grep '\(workgroup\|realm\|security\|password server\|idmap\|winbind\)' workgroup = MSHOME realm = MSHOME.LOCAL security = ADS password server = 10.0.0.250 idmap uid = 10000-20000 idmap gid = 10000-20000 winbind separator = + winbind enum users = Yes winbind enum groups = Yes winbind use default domain = Yes How share is made? DST# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf | tail -n 4 [testshare] path = /srv/testshare browseable = yes writable = yes What permissions has test share? DST# ls -ld /srv/testshare/ drwxrwxrwt+ 2 root root 112 2010-12-28 07:18 /srv/testshare/ DST# getfacl /srv/testshare/ # file: srv/testshare/ # owner: root # group: root user::rwx group::rwx other::rwx Is this directory writable? DST# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) DST# touch /srv/testshare/0.txt; echo $? 0 Is this directory writable by domain Administrator? DST# su -s /bin/sh administrator -c 'id;touch /srv/install/testshare/10004.txt;echo $?' uid=10004(administrator) gid=10013(rtchsdomainservices) groups=10002(BUILTIN+administrators),10006(domain admins),10008(schema admins),10009(enterprise admins),10010(denied rodc password replication group),10013(rtchsdomainservices),10014(group policy creator owners),10018(rtc server local group) 0 3. Data migration ================= To reach our goal, we need to move data from one server/storage to another one, file by file, share by share. And by doing that we need to make sure that: - data is in sync - ACL are copied - minimal downtime. Every service migration (how good it will be) needs data copy part. Lets make a little discus about it. 3.1. alternatives ----------------- After some unsuccessful try, and some searches I found some hints how to do this "in samba way". [2] [3] 3.1.1. robocopy ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Robocopy tool from Microsoft. Tool witch was made by some one inside of corporation, and seems by mistake was discovered by sales people... After that was some made the ugly part (added Robocopy GUI). Distribution scheme of this tools is also confused. This can be found inside resource kit (these days it's possible free download), or as attachment from one of technet pages. Find download isn't easy. To make this situation more worse, Robocopy is replaced with "better" version: RichCopy. This command must run from Windows. This can be a separate Windows machine or SRC. This tool is designed for recursive copy, so simple one file copy is a big challenge. This tool can copy files, but if fails to set correct ACL or owner doesn't issues any warnings. 3.1.2. xcopy ^^^^^^^^^^^^ native Windows from MS-DOS. Sadly this is deprecating in favor of Robocopy [4]. This command must run from Windows. This can be a separate Windows machine or SRC. If fails to set ACL or owner stops copy with error. 3.1.3. net ^^^^^^^^^^ This is tool is from SAMBA suit, not from Windows. Has same name, but different functionality. Bad name choice. This confuses Administrators, users. in [3] was suggested to use this command to copy data with ACL's. DST# net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC --acls --attrs \ --timestamps -v -U Administrator%password This command must run from Linux. This can be a separate Linux machine or DST. if something is wrong, no message is produced. If You aren't samba developer, then options -d 10 can't help You too... 3.1.4. smbfs/cifs ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Sadly but this seems to be the right and simples way doesn't work. Author of this document tried many times and many ways but without any success get acl's listed after mount share from SRC on DST. smbclient can fetch ACL's from Windows server, but this isn't enought, becaues smbclient can't be used with rsync, pax. 4. Migration ============ 4.1. Start samba ---------------- This part was easy, aptitude install samba winbind, some work, to join into domain test config, add some shares. 4.2. ACL vs ACL --------------- ACL isn't portable as it's can be. Seems that posix guys and Windows people has a different and incompatible view to world[6]. 4.3. mount.cifs --------------- Now is need to copy files from Windows to Samba. First idea was to mount windows share localy and use rsync or pax copy whole files with ACLS, sadly linux cifs client doesn't export this info. 4.4. copy using xcopy --------------------- this was found on list[2]. This fails in some strange ways. There was any helpful message (googlable token), so tried next method. Login into both servers: WINXP>net use \\SRC\testshare /user:Administrator * Type the password for \\SRC\testshare: The command completed successfully. WINXP>net use \\DST\testshare /user:Administrator * Type the password for \\DST\testshare: The command completed successfully. copy using xcopy WINXP>xcopy \\SRC\testshare\test.txt \\DST\testshare\test.txt /E /H /R /K /O Does \\DST\testshare\test.txt specify a file name or directory name on the target (F = file, D = directory)? F \\SRC\testshare\test.txt File creation error - This security ID may not be assigned as the owner of this object. 4.5. copy using robocopy ------------------------ C:\cygwin\home\rokas>robocopy \\SRC\testshare\folder1 \\SRC\testshare\foo /E /COPY:DATSO /DCOPY:T ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ROBOCOPY :: Robust File Copy for Windows :: Version XP026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Started : Tue Dec 28 22:21:19 2010 Source : \\SRC\testshare\folder1\ Dest : \\SRC\testshare\foo\ Files : *.* Options : *.* /S /E /COPY:DATSO /DCOPY:T /R:1000000 /W:30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ New Dir 1 \\SRC\testshare\folder1\ 2010/12/28 22:21:19 ERROR 5 (0x00000005) Copying NTFS Security to Destination Directory \\SRC\testshare\folder1\ Access is denied. New File 2.7 m file.exe 2010/12/28 22:21:19 ERROR 5 (0x00000005) Copying NTFS Security to Destination Directory \\SRC\testshare\folder1\ Access is denied. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total Copied Skipped Mismatch FAILED Extras Dirs : 1 1 0 0 0 0 Files : 1 0 0 0 1 0 Bytes : 2.79 m 0 0 0 2.79 m 0 Times : 0:00:00 0:00:00 0:00:00 0:00:00 Ended : Tue Dec 28 22:21:19 2010 4.6. documentation ... ---------------------- In [7] is recommended first migrate users. But this isn't our target. And this workaround seems to be a very big workaround. This method is also recommended[3]. 4.7. net rpc share ------------------ DST# net rpc share migrate shares testshare -S SRC -U administrator%password DST# as from unix world[*], this means: command completed successful. but: DST# find /srvtestshare/ /srv/testshare/ shows that seems nothing changed. same command with -d 10 gives not helpful (not googable token) message: [2010/12/28 15:42:19, 10] rpc_client/cli_pipe.c:rpc_api_pipe(893) rpc_api_pipe: Remote machine SRC pipe \srvsvc fnum 0x4028 returned 24 bytes. srvsvc_NetShareGetInfo: struct srvsvc_NetShareGetInfo out: struct srvsvc_NetShareGetInfo info : * info : union srvsvc_NetShareInfo(case 502) info502 : NULL result : WERR_NET_NAME_NOT_FOUND [2010/12/28 15:42:19, 1] utils/net_rpc.c:run_rpc_command(181) rpc command function failed! (NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL) other command was also tried: DST# net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC DST# net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC --acls DST# net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC --acls --attrs DST# net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC --acls --attrs --timestamps DST# net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC --acls --attrs --timestamps --destination DST change "add share command" in smb.conf other combinations .... * - be silent if ok, only report errors. 4.8. NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED ------------------------------------ after some above unsuccessful tries NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED appears. Dmesg was clean, DST fs wasn't RO, local permissions was OK, smb.conf also, other share with same config works ok, testshare fails to WINXP create new file. So what is difference between two identical directories on Linux filesystem, and same smb.conf files. Tried with no success: - reconnect WINXP client shares - remove and recreate share directories - recheck smb.conf share - restart smb processes - all above in other random orders. All tests shows that this is Samba fault. But why? DST# smbcontrol debug all:11 didn't help. 4.9. share_info.tdb ------------------- don't ask how this came to my head, maybe this was effect of long samba HowTo readings... aptitude install tdb-tools DST# tdbdump /var/lib/samba/share_info.tdb { key(13) = "INFO/version\00" data(4) = "\02\00\00\00" } { key(18) = "SECDESC/testshare\00" data(XX) = "..... some binary data ......" } DST# tdbtool --help Could not open --help: No such file or directory tdb> ^D DST# man tdbtool No manual entry for tdbtool See 'man 7 undocumented' for help when manual pages are not available. of course who uses documentation? Only sissies... Real admins don't read documentation, they copy paste "rm -rf /" from internet without check on man page what this does... so remove this bogus entry DST# tdbtool /var/lib/samba/share_info.tdb delete "SECDESC/testshare\00" 4.10. ACL test using WINXP on DST -------------------------------- seems we back to beginning. No more strange fails. From windows GUI was tried to change ACL, change owner. Seems somehow samba fails to allow this operation. 4.11. documentation ... ----------------------- In [8] there is very helpful tip to take migration using temporal root account. These two sentences was that break point... 4.12. Searching for root ------------------------ As stated in [7] net command operates on two servers, both of them is connected using same account name. On other side DST account must have UID 0. This UID has account root. How to connect to SRC as root but have administrator rights? ideas: - create user inside of domain with name root. But root/MSHOME isn't that same as root on DST. root and root/MSHOME will be enumerated on DST. Inelegant. - create local user on SRC with name root. Possible same name collision problem. Need to configure some archaic system, which was unmaintained very long. later ideas (untested): - use samba id mapping subsystem to map Administrator/MSHOME to UID 0. seems that this way we can't go. We need somehow Administrator/MSHOME bind with UID 0. here comes smb.conf with parameter "admin users (S)". Manpage of smb.conf(5) not very helpful with examples. tried: admin users = Administrator,root,@"DOMAIN+Domain Admins" after half hour and smbd debug came to idea: admin users = MSHOME+administrator Note: samba/linux uses all lover cases for names. This seems that naming scheme is: case insensitive (sometimes), case not preserving, lowercase. So better to use lover case, and hope for best. DST# smbstatus shows connection UID = 0 4.13. Samba works ----------------- after test from WINXP station seems that HSHOME/Administrator can change file owners, and add ACL's 4.14. Samba compiling --------------------- DST# net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC -U Administrator%password --acls --attrs --timestamps syncing [testshare] files and directories including ACLs, including DOS Attributes (preserving timestamps) [2010/12/28 16:50:10, 0] utils/net_rpc_printer.c:net_copy_fileattr(275) failed to set file-attrs: NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED Could handle directory attributes for top level directory of share testshare. Error NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED Could not handle the top level directory permissions for the share: testshare This net tool tries change timestamp on \\DST\testshare but samba refuses to do that. code showing this error is[10]: if (copy_attrs || copy_timestamps) { /* get file attributes */ if (!cli_getattrE(cli_share_src, fnum_src, &attr, NULL, &f_ctime, &f_atime, &f_mtime)) { DEBUG(0,("failed to get file-attrs: %s\n", cli_errstr(cli_share_src))); nt_status = cli_nt_error(cli_share_src); goto out; } } If there is error then go out without any continue. This is ok, I want get error on oher failures. But this is first one.... after some smbd debug found this peace of code [9] if (fname[0] == '.' && fname[1] == '\0') { /* * Not sure here is the right place to catch this * condition. Might be moved to somewhere else later -- vl */ reply_nterror(req, NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED); END_PROFILE(SMBsetatr); return; } This seem to be rational. From Samba POV there is posible that samba don't control directory which is root for share. But in other hand samba has share_info.tdb.... so a little diff will help us: --- samba-3.2.5.orig/source/smbd/reply.c +++ samba-3.2.5/source/smbd/reply.c @@ -1105,7 +1105,8 @@ * Not sure here is the right place to catch this * condition. Might be moved to somewhere else later -- vl */ - reply_nterror(req, NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED); + //reply_nterror(req, NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED); + reply_nterror(req, NT_STATUS_OK); END_PROFILE(SMBsetatr); return; } seems that same was reported[11] but no one tried this mode. Seems that it isn't technically possible that Samba can work this way. So a little 5 years, no one care, no tests... Back to compile: LNX-debian# apt-get build-dep samba LNX-debian$ apt-get source samba LNX-debian$ cd samba-3.2.5 do online patch LNX-debian$ debuild -us -uc after ~20 min deploy new samba server: DST# dpkg -i samba_3.2.5-4lenny13_amd64.deb and net rpc share migrate files testshare -S SRC -U Administrator%password --acls --attrs --timestamps copied 127GB data in ~10 hours. 4.15. Limitations of net rpc share migrate ------------------------------------------ this tool can migrate only whole share. This is insane limitation.... If my share migration takes 24 times, but i have only 6 hours window on night to take operation? What to do? Split into smaller parts? NO! net rpc share decides that for you!: No one wants copy smaller units than share. Only sissies uses files and folders. Real admins uses shares.... Big shame. 5. Migrations isn't migration ============================= why 20 days downtime isn't acceptable? When 20 days downtime is acceptable? - when user in advance is trained to expect service availability 20% or less. Sadly our users expects over 95% availability. - when You are BOFH and user fears of You. - when You are far far away from users.... - when You have no users. :) (possible best theoretical case). So this term "migration" is chosen incorrect as subcommand for tool net. This is only slow/dumb file copy, no magic. 5.1. How to do better? --------------------- Let's say we can't shrink data set, or increase bandwidth. But our goal is to minimize downtime. If there was possible to have long transition time, but short downtime for one file/directory, then this can be not so perfect solution, but almost ideal. Plan: - use msdfs samba extension to create stub shares, and link files to SRC from DST. - copy one directory by one, from SRC to DST. - if folder is to big, then split into multiply copies. Automation: this is possible on LNX: - list SRC directory content from DST - create directories on DST - create msdfs links impossible on LNX: - copy files from SRC to DST preserving ACL END References: [1] http://www.google.com/search?q=4+TB+%2F+20Mbps (4 terabytes) / (20 Mbps) = 19.4180741 days [1-END] [2] http://lists-archives.org/samba/56962-keeping-windows-acl-s-when-migrating-to-samba-server.html Date: Sat, 18 Dec 2010 23:56:06 -0500 From: George <greenadm...@xxxxxxxxx> Subject: Re: [Samba] Keeping Windows ACL's when migrating to SAMBA Server Rightnow i got it half working but am having trouble with part of it. If I use robocopy, It copies the files and ACL but not the correct create of modify dates robocopy \\man_fs2\Batteries \\bed-fs1\servers\man_fs2\Batteries /sec /e If I use xxcopy I can copy all the files with the proper create and modify dates but it wont copy the ACL's. xxcopy \\man_fs2\Batteries \\bed-fs1\servers\man_fs2\Batteries /backup George On 12/12/2010 1:08 PM, Jeremy Allison wrote: On Sun, Dec 12, 2010 at 09:21:32AM -0600, Chris Weiss wrote: On Sat, Dec 11, 2010 at 1:01 PM, George<greenadm...@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: We setup a Ubuntu SAMBA 3.5 server and would like it to replace our current Windows 2003 file server. I can manually copy the files over but need to keep all the Windows UID's and GID's but am having trouble copying the files over. Does anyone have any idea what im doing wrong or have any ideas for me to do this? what are you using to copy? a normal file copy wont' keep permissions even windows to windows, but robocoy will, and I think xcopy can I just helped an OEM do a (successful) file migration complete with ACLs from Windows to Samba using robocopy, so I'd suggest that as the tool of choice. Remember to do the migration as a (temporary) root account, as robocopy may need to write ACLs that the migrating user cannot access. Will get fixed properly when I finish implementing SE_RESTORE and SE_BACKUP privileges but until then the root account works just as well. Jeremy. -- To unsubscribe from this list go to the following URL and read the instructions: https://lists.samba.org/mailman/options/samba [2-END] [3] http://lists-archives.org/samba/56963-keeping-windows-acl-s-when-migrating-to-samba-server.html Date: Sun, 19 Dec 2010 14:19:40 +0900 From: TAKAHASHI Motonobu <mo...@xxxxxxxxx> Subject: Re: [Samba] Keeping Windows ACL's when migrating to SAMBA Server 2010/12/19 George <greenadm...@xxxxxxxxx>: > Rightnow i got it half working but am having trouble with part of it. If I > use robocopy, It copies the files and ACL but not the correct create of > modify dates > > robocopy \\man_fs2\Batteries \\bed-fs1\servers\man_fs2\Batteries /sec /e > > If I use xxcopy I can copy all the files with the proper create and modify > dates but it wont copy the ACL's. > > xxcopy \\man_fs2\Batteries \\bed-fs1\servers\man_fs2\Batteries /backup > > George How about "net share migrate" command? I once tried to examine this command like: $ net -S oldsrv rpc share migrate all --destination newsrv --acls temp2 migrating: [TEMP2], path: C:\TEMP2, comment: comments, without share-ACLs syncing [TEMP2] files and directories including ACLs, without DOS Attributes migrating: [TEMP2], path: C:\TEMP2, comment: comments, including share-ACLs Note that you must set "add share command" parameter in the target server. And "force unknown acl user = yes" may be helpfull. --- TAKAHASHI Motonobu <mo...@xxxxxxxxxxx> -- To unsubscribe from this list go to the following URL and read the instructions: https://lists.samba.org/mailman/options/samba [3-END] [4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XCOPY [5] http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-HOWTO-Collection/index.html [6] http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-HOWTO-Collection/AccessControls.html ... Samba handles Windows ACLs from the perspective of UNIX file system administration and thus adopts the limitations of POSIX ACLs. Therefore, where POSIX ACLs lack a capability of the Windows NT/200X ACLs, the POSIX semantics and limitations are imposed on the Windows administrator. ... [6-END] [7] http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-HOWTO-Collection/NetCommand.html ... The migration process can be completed only with the Samba server already being fully operational. The user and group accounts must be migrated before attempting to migrate data share, files, and printers. ... [8] http://lists-archives.org/samba/56856-keeping-windows-acl-s-when-migrating-to-samba-server.html Date: Sun, 12 Dec 2010 10:08:11 -0800 From: Jeremy Allison <j...@xxxxxxxxx> Subject: Re: [Samba] Keeping Windows ACL's when migrating to SAMBA Server On Sun, Dec 12, 2010 at 09:21:32AM -0600, Chris Weiss wrote: > On Sat, Dec 11, 2010 at 1:01 PM, George <greenadm...@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > We setup a Ubuntu SAMBA 3.5 server and would like it to replace our current > > Windows 2003 file server. I can manually copy the files over but need to > > keep all the Windows UID's and GID's but am having trouble copying the files > > over. Does anyone have any idea what im doing wrong or have any ideas for me > > to do this? > > what are you using to copy? a normal file copy wont' keep permissions > even windows to windows, but robocoy will, and I think xcopy can I just helped an OEM do a (successful) file migration complete with ACLs from Windows to Samba using robocopy, so I'd suggest that as the tool of choice. Remember to do the migration as a (temporary) root account, as robocopy may need to write ACLs that the migrating user cannot access. Will get fixed properly when I finish implementing SE_RESTORE and SE_BACKUP privileges but until then the root account works just as well. Jeremy. -- To unsubscribe from this list go to the following URL and read the instructions: https://lists.samba.org/mailman/options/samba [8-END] [9] http://gitweb.samba.org/?p=samba.git;a=blob;f=source3/smbd/reply.c;h=e5067cca7e9d93484f0e4c220de2d65f631ac99d;hb=HEAD#l1230 [10] http://gitweb.samba.org/?p=samba.git;a=blob;f=source3/utils/net_rpc_printer.c#l244 [11] http://lists.samba.org/archive/samba/2005-September/110456.html Previous message: [Samba] winbindd ADS Windows 2003 SFU idmap=ad, with Suse Linux9.1, no AD UI Next message: [Samba] Data migration using net rpc share migrate Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] Hi, I¹m in the process of testing out the net rpc share migrate data migration tool but keep running into an error message when using the --acl option. I¹m testing using the following command: net rpc share migrate files -S 10.36.32.36 --acls --attrs --timestamps -v -U "gibbss" but get with this error for each file in the share: [2005/09/05 16:50:02, 0] utils/net_rpc_printer.c:net_copy_fileattr(384) could not set secdesc on \WinAXE_Plus_v7\xwpdllid.dll: NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED could not copy file \WinAXE_Plus_v7\xwpdllid.dll: NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED Each file copies OK and the timestamp is correct but none of the ACL¹s are there. ACL/xattrs mount options have already been added to the filesystem and I can use setfacl/getfacl so can¹t see a problem with ACL support and the share is on a PC logged in with the user account specified so all the files are owned by that account. I guess this must be a permission problem somewhere but can¹t think what it may be. Can anyone point me in the right direction? 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Further enquiries/returns can be sent to postmaster at tfinforma.com [11-END] [12] http://xkcd.com/501/ roma1390 p.s. references was copied inside letter, because links makes dead to fast these days... -- To unsubscribe from this list go to the following URL and read the instructions: https://lists.samba.org/mailman/options/samba