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Today's Topics:
1. Re: sanskrit Digest, Vol 14, Issue 4 (shashi)
2. Re: sanskrit Digest, Vol 14, Issue 4 (Phillip Ernest)
3. The forgetton 9/11 (Haresh Bakshi)
4. Re: Re: sanskrit Digest, Vol 14, Issue 4 (shashi)
5. Fwd: Re: [Sanskrit] Humour in grammar (12) (Phillip Ernest)
6. On SleSa (peekayar)
7. On yamaka (peekayar)
8. Re: The meaning of JAYA (devadas menon)
9. Re: The meaning of JAYA (peekayar)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Sun, 2 May 2004 16:19:57 -0400
From: shashi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] Re: sanskrit Digest, Vol 14, Issue 4
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
> > shlesha (multiple meaning) can arise in two ways. One by having more than one
> > meaning for a word. The second by forming different words from the
> >
> > same set of letters.
>
> I was recently told by Prof. A.K. Warder and by people on the Indology Yahoo
> list that this latter device is known as yamaka rather than slesa. I asked
> because at the time I was reading the mahakavya of Vasudeva, Yudhisthiravijaya,
shleSha is when a word appear only once physically, but has multiple
meanings. so you have reread the phrase/sentence multiple times
applying the different meanings each time.
yamaka is when the word appears as many times as its different meanings
are to be used.
in the second type of shleSha, the letters are not repeated but are
combined in different ways to make different words. e.g. recently there
was the quiz
kA shItalavAhinI ? this phrase has both the question and answer,
depending on which way you look at it:
kA shItalavAhinI OR kAshI-tala-vAhinI
> > There is also an element of humour wherever there is shlesha.
>
> This is an interesting question. My feeling is that there is usually not humor
> when slesa and yamaka are used in mahakavya. It is possible that I may simply
this might be similar to the "comedy" and "tragedy" styles. a "comedy"
style of story, theatre etc. are not necessarily funny, clownish etc. but
those that end happily. whereas the general meaning of the word comical,
comedian is "funny". if you don't laugh but be happy, the show was not
comical enough!
similarly, the usage of the word "humor", i guess :)
--
Thank You,
Shashi Joshi
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| HINDU PRAYER BOOK - 130+ mantras; 15+ aratis with translations |
| Part of the proceeds go to Hindu temples in USA |
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------------------------------
Message: 2
Date: Sun, 2 May 2004 16:48:58 -0400
From: Phillip Ernest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] Re: sanskrit Digest, Vol 14, Issue 4
To: shashi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Quoting shashi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> this might be similar to the "comedy" and "tragedy" styles. a "comedy"
> style of story, theatre etc. are not necessarily funny, clownish etc. but
> those that end happily. whereas the general meaning of the word comical,
> comedian is "funny". if you don't laugh but be happy, the show was not
> comical enough!
>
> similarly, the usage of the word "humor", i guess :)
It's true, one does at least always get a happy buzz upon receiving the spota
of insight into the slesa or yamaka; it really doesn't come into conflict with
the rasa of the piece, whatever it might be, just as the more general delight
of reading literature does not make it impossible to appreciate tragic feeling
in Hamlet or King Lear.
Phillip
------------------------------
Message: 3
Date: Sun, 02 May 2004 17:27:47 -0400
From: "Haresh Bakshi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] The forgetton 9/11
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed
How could we forget these words:
�I fervently hope that the bell that tolled this morning in honour of this
convention may be the death-knell of all fanaticism, of all persecutions
with the sword or with the pen, and of all uncharitable feelings between
persons wending their way to the same goal.�
Swami Vivekananda
Representative of Hindus
Parliament of Religions
Columbian Exposition, Chicago World Fair
11 September 1893.
_________________________________________________________________
FREE pop-up blocking with the new MSN Toolbar � get it now!
http://toolbar.msn.com/go/onm00200415ave/direct/01/
------------------------------
Message: 4
Date: Sun, 2 May 2004 20:56:57 -0400
From: shashi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] Re: sanskrit Digest, Vol 14, Issue 4
To: Sai <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
here is an example of sleSha:
shrutiH shithilatAm gatA smRtir_api pranaShTAdhunA
gatir_vipathamAgatA vigalitA dvijAnAm tatiH |
gavAm_api saMhatiH samuchita-kriyAtash_chyutA
kRtA na jarayA tayA kali-yugasya sAdharmyatA ||
here through the useage of shleSha the old age and kali yuga are
compared|
shrutiH = veda, upaniShad OR hearing faculty (are tired)
smRtiH = smRti-shAstra OR memory (almost destroyed)
gatiH = going figuratively as conduct, karma etc OR simply walking, gait
(they both are going on the wrong track)
dvija = spiritually twice born (learned people, brAhmaNa) OR teeth (which
are also twice born!)
this is shleSha| the word "shrutiH" appears only once. so o others
in the example, but we read it twice, applying the different meaning
each time|
in yamaka, the word will appear as many times as we should eb
appling the meanings| i am not able to find a sanskrit example
offhand, but here are in hindi:
malA pherata juga bhayA, phirA na mana kA phera
karakA manakA DAri ke, mana kA manakA phera
here 'manakA' = bead and
'mana kA' = of the mana, desiring faculty, "heart"
and it says that it has been a yuga (juga) moving the rosary
(mAlA), but the heart has not changed| leave the bead
(manakA) of the hand, and change the bead (manakA) of the
heart (mana kA)||
OR
kanaka kanaka te sau guni, mAdakatA adhikAya |
uhi khAya baurAya jaga, ihi pAye baurAye ||
kanaka = gold as well as a plant called dhatUrA which is dangerous to
eat, causes hallucinations|
so the dohA (couplet) goes, kanaka (gold) has hundred times
more intoxication than kanaka (dhatUrA), people go crazy
by eating that (dhatUrA), but they go crazy just by getting
this (gold)|
here kanaka is physically twice in the sentence|
Sai Ram worked magic with the keyboard on Sun, May 02, 2004 at 02:30:42PM -0600:
> shashi uvaacha:
> > shleSha is when a word appear only once physically, but has multiple
> > meanings. so you have reread the phrase/sentence multiple times
> > applying the different meanings each time.
> >
> > yamaka is when the word appears as many times as its different meanings
> > are to be used.
> >
> > in the second type of shleSha, the letters are not repeated but are
> > combined in different ways to make different words. e.g. recently there
> > was the quiz
> > kA shItalavAhinI ? this phrase has both the question and answer,
> > depending on which way you look at it:
> > kA shItalavAhinI OR kAshI-tala-vAhinI
>
> The meaning of yamaka and its distinction from SleSha is still not clear from
> your explanation. Could you give examples?
> - Sai.
<-------------- End of Included Original Message ------>
--
Thank You,
Shashi Joshi, Chief Editor, TARANG
440-725-2973
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| "TARANG - the wave", Cultural, Bilingual, Family, Magazine |
| Serving the (Asian) Indian community in USA |
| http://GreatIndiaOnline.com |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|
| HINDU PRAYER BOOK - 130+ mantras; 15+ aratis with translations |
| Part of the proceeds go to Hindu temples in USA |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
Message: 5
Date: Sun, 2 May 2004 21:32:40 -0400
From: Phillip Ernest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Fwd: Re: [Sanskrit] Humour in grammar (12)
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Quoting Sai <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> Can you quote an example yamaka/sleSha Sloka from YudhiSThira vijaya, so we
>
> can see any humor or lack of it in there?
This was the best I could do with these verses from the second canto:
sa prasabhaM gurave gaaM dattvaa hatvaa khalaanabhaGguravegaan|
daarabhuvaa samayena prayayau tiirthaani vipravaasamayena||
21. As soon as he had given the cows to the elder and slain the thieves of
unbreakable violence, he set out for the fords in accordance with the
agreement to dwell apart, which had had its origin in [the matter of the
Pandavas�] wife.
taM zritagaGgaadvaaraa nudantamaagaaMsi samyagaGgaadvaaraa|
naagasutaa paataalaM paarthamanaiSiidatarkitaapaataalam||
22. The snake�s daughter of exceedingly unimaginable appearance, betaking
herself to Ganga�s Gate, led the Partha (who was effectively driving sins from
his body with water) to the lower world.
sa ca reme kaamanayaa biibhatsustatra raatrimekaamanayaa|
ahisutayeraavantaM sutamaapa ca vaMzavRddhaye'raavantam||
23. And there, the Terrifier lustily delighted in this daughter of the serpent
for one night, and obtained, to the increase of his race, a son, Earth
Possessor, the death of his foe.
------------------------------
Message: 6
Date: Sun, 2 May 2004 23:59:28 -0700 (PDT)
From: peekayar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] On SleSa
To: sanskrit digest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Mr. Shashi quoted two beutiful verses but stopped giving the meaning after one. I
shall now repeat
the two and try to give the full meaning.
These refer to both jaraa (old age) and
Kaliyuga equally.
shrutiH shithilatAM gatA
hearing has slackened - vedas get lax
smR^itirapi pranaShTAdhunA
now remembrance also fails, dharmashastra also fails
gatirvipathamAgatA
movement goes astray - knowledge goes astray
vigalitA dvijAnAM tatiH |
the row of teeth falling - brahmins disappearing
gavAmapi saMhatiH
speech also get murdered - cows also get butchered
samuchita-kriyAtashchyutA
not in a position to do proper work - fallen from doing right things
kR^itA na jarayA tayA
has not that old age
kali-yugasya sAdharmyatA ||
been doing the same thing as kaliyuga?
P.K.Ramakrishnan
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Message: 7
Date: Mon, 3 May 2004 00:08:58 -0700 (PDT)
From: peekayar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] On yamaka
To: sanskrit digest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Kalidasa has used yamaka in the 9th canto of
Raghuvamsa in shlokas 1 to 55 in the last paada.
I shall give a few of them.
7. priyatamaa yatamaanamapaaharat.
31. pramadayaa madayaapitalajjayaa.
34. kusumitaasu mitaa vanaraajiSu.
P.K.Ramakrishnan
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Message: 8
Date: Mon, 03 May 2004 18:15:48 +0800
From: devadas menon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] The meaning of JAYA
To: sanskrit digest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
what evidence is there that this was written 5,000 years ago?
At 03:24 PM 5/2/04, peekayar wrote:
>Mahabharatha was written more than 5000 years ago. Sankaracharya is
>believed to have been
>born about 1200 years ago. I shall now quote
>from Mahabharatha Adi parva 1st adhyaaya.
>Sloka 11
>
>kathitaashchaapi
>vidhivad yaa
>vaishampaayanena vai / shrutvaahaM taa
>vichitraarthaaM mahaaabhaarata-saMshritaaH //
>The word mahaabhaarata itself is used
>in the Mahaabharatam. How does Sankaracharya
>come here?
>
>P.K.Ramakrishnan
>
>
>devadas menon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Jaya was also supposed to be the original name of Mahabharatha when it had
>just 28,000 verses or so. Apparently Jaya became Jayabharatha (200,000 +
>versus) and during the time of Shankaracharya became Mahabharatha with
>the number of versus as it is now.
>
>The details of this I read in a book called "Gita As it was".
>
>regds....devadas
>
>At 11:52 PM 5/1/04, peekayar wrote:
>
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >Invocation before reciting Mahabharatha
> >
> >
> >
> >naaraayaNaM namaskR^itya
> >
> >naraM chaiva narottamam .
> >
> >deviiM saraswatiiM chaiva
> >
> >tato jayamudiirayet ..
> >
> >
> >
> >naray[< nmSk�Ty
> >
> > nr< cEv nrae�mm!,
> >
> >devI� srSvtI� cEv
> >
> > ttae jymudIryet!.
> >
> >
> >
> >One should commence reading JAYA after saluting Narayana, >prefix = st1
> ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />Nara,
> >Narottama and Saraswatidevi.
> >
> >
> >
> >Here the meaning of Jaya is given by every commentator as the story
> >of victory of Dharma over Adharma.
> >
> >
> >
> >It has occurred to me for some time that Jaya here has an additional
> >meaning as follows.
> >
> >
> >
> >There is a system of using alphabets to indicate numbers. This is called
> >the KATAPAYAADI system. In this
> >
> >each letter in Sanskrit is assigned a numerical value.
> >
> >
> >
> >kaadi nava - ka to jha are 1 to 9. jna = 0
> >
> >Taadi nava - Ta to dha are 1 to 9. na = 0
> >
> >paadi pancha - pa to ma are 1 to 5
> >
> >yaadi ashta - ya to ha are 1 to 8
> >
> >All independent vowels are 0
> >
> >In case of joint letters the second letter will decide the number.
> >
> >
> >
> >In the decimal system of numbering, a number acquires its true value
> >depending on its position such as unit position, tenth position, hundredth
> >position and so on. Any number will have at least one digit and it will
> >be in the unit position.
> >
> >Other positions are innumerable going from right to left. Thus the first
> >letter in a coded word signifies the unit position, the second the tenth
> >position and so on.
> >
> >
> >
> >As explained above ja in jaya denotes 8.
> >
> >So place this 8 in the unit position.
> >
> >
> >
> >ya in jaya denotes 1. So place 1 in the tenth position. Then we get the
> >number 18 or eighteen for jaya.
> >
> >
> >
> >What is the significance of 18 in Mahabharatha.
> >
> >
> >
> >It has got 18 parvaas.
> >
> >
> >
> >Gita is part of Mahabharatha. It has 18 chapters.
> >
> >
> >
> >The number of military divisions engaged in the war was 18.
> >
> >(11 on the Kaurava side and 7 on the Pandava side).
> >
> >
> >
> >Mahabharatha war lasted 18 days.
> >
> >
> >
> >P.K.Ramakrishnan
> >
> >
> >Do you Yahoo!?
> >Win
> >a $20,000 Career Makeover at Yahoo! HotJobs
> >_______________________________________________
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> >
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Message: 9
Date: Mon, 3 May 2004 03:35:08 -0700 (PDT)
From: peekayar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] The meaning of JAYA
To: devadas menon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, sanskrit digest
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
It is believed that Vyasa was the progenitor of
paandavas and kauravas. Mahabharatha war took
place at the end Dvaparayuga. He wrote the Mahabharata. May 2004 of Christian Era
corresponds to Kaliyuga 5105.
devadas menon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
what evidence is there that this was written 5,000 years ago?
At 03:24 PM 5/2/04, peekayar wrote:
>Mahabharatha was written more than 5000 years ago. Sankaracharya is
>believed to have been
>born about 1200 years ago. I shall now quote
>from Mahabharatha Adi parva 1st adhyaaya.
>Sloka 11
>
>kathitaashchaapi
>vidhivad yaa
>vaishampaayanena vai / shrutvaahaM taa
>vichitraarthaaM mahaaabhaarata-saMshritaaH //
>The word mahaabhaarata itself is used
>in the Mahaabharatam. How does Sankaracharya
>come here?
>
>P.K.Ramakrishnan
>
>
>devadas menon wrote:
>Jaya was also supposed to be the original name of Mahabharatha when it had
>just 28,000 verses or so. Apparently Jaya became Jayabharatha (200,000 +
>versus) and during the time of Shankaracharya became Mahabharatha with
>the number of versus as it is now.
>
>The details of this I read in a book called "Gita As it was".
>
>regds....devadas
>
>At 11:52 PM 5/1/04, peekayar wrote:
>
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >Invocation before reciting Mahabharatha
> >
> >
> >
> >naaraayaNaM namaskR^itya
> >
> >naraM chaiva narottamam .
> >
> >deviiM saraswatiiM chaiva
> >
> >tato jayamudiirayet ..
> >
> >
> >
> >naray[< nmSk�Ty
> >
> > nr< cEv nrae�mm!,
> >
> >devI� srSvtI� cEv
> >
> > ttae jymudIryet!.
> >
> >
> >
> >One should commence reading JAYA after saluting Narayana, >prefix = st1
> ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />Nara,
> >Narottama and Saraswatidevi.
> >
> >
> >
> >Here the meaning of Jaya is given by every commentator as the story
> >of victory of Dharma over Adharma.
> >
> >
> >
> >It has occurred to me for some time that Jaya here has an additional
> >meaning as follows.
> >
> >
> >
> >There is a system of using alphabets to indicate numbers. This is called
> >the KATAPAYAADI system. In this
> >
> >each letter in Sanskrit is assigned a numerical value.
> >
> >
> >
> >kaadi nava - ka to jha are 1 to 9. jna = 0
> >
> >Taadi nava - Ta to dha are 1 to 9. na = 0
> >
> >paadi pancha - pa to ma are 1 to 5
> >
> >yaadi ashta - ya to ha are 1 to 8
> >
> >All independent vowels are 0
> >
> >In case of joint letters the second letter will decide the number.
> >
> >
> >
> >In the decimal system of numbering, a number acquires its true value
> >depending on its position such as unit position, tenth position, hundredth
> >position and so on. Any number will have at least one digit and it will
> >be in the unit position.
> >
> >Other positions are innumerable going from right to left. Thus the first
> >letter in a coded word signifies the unit position, the second the tenth
> >position and so on.
> >
> >
> >
> >As explained above ja in jaya denotes 8.
> >
> >So place this 8 in the unit position.
> >
> >
> >
> >ya in jaya denotes 1. So place 1 in the tenth position. Then we get the
> >number 18 or eighteen for jaya.
> >
> >
> >
> >What is the significance of 18 in Mahabharatha.
> >
> >
> >
> >It has got 18 parvaas.
> >
> >
> >
> >Gita is part of Mahabharatha. It has 18 chapters.
> >
> >
> >
> >The number of military divisions engaged in the war was 18.
> >
> >(11 on the Kaurava side and 7 on the Pandava side).
> >
> >
> >
> >Mahabharatha war lasted 18 days.
> >
> >
> >
> >P.K.Ramakrishnan
> >
> >
> >Do you Yahoo!?
> >Win
> >a $20,000 Career Makeover at Yahoo! HotJobs
> >_______________________________________________
> >sanskrit mailing list
> >[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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> >
> >
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>
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>
>
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>a $20,000 Career Makeover at Yahoo! HotJobs
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