On 2017-01-02 01:47, David Sommerseth wrote:
On 02/01/17 10:03, jdow wrote:
I also found that I had no way I could find to tell systemd to bring up
a daemon as a relatively unprivileged user rather than root. Running
some services at root privileges makes me nervous even with SELinux in
place and active.
$ man systemd.exec
User=, Group=
Sets the Unix user or group that the
processes are executed as,
respectively. Takes a single user or
group name or ID as argument. If no
group is set, the default group of the
user is chosen.
When I tried it I seemed to get unexpected results - subversion apparently
insisted on remaining in the root privilege level. I may not have found the
right place to put that into the xxx.service file. I found User=/Group= but the
application of this remained obscure. I tried it under the [Service] heading. In
retrospect does the order of placement under one of those headers make a difference?
Which translates to providing User=/Group= in the [service] section of a
unit file.
"Unit" is a bit of jargon that was not apparent at first. (hyperlinks work. It
would be nice for people to use them more in HTML documentation first use in a
section. {^_-})
Other useful settings for hardening a service are Capabilities=,
SecureBits=, PrivateTmp=, PrivateDevices=, PrivateNetwork=,
ProtectSystem=, ProtectHome=, RestrictAddressFamilies=,
ReadWriteDirectories=, ReadOnlyDirectories= and InaccessibleDirectories=
... all documented in systemd.exec.
And then there is Restart= which is fairly useful and to get a similar
behaviour to daemontools, you can look into Type=simple (which is the
default if not provided). These are found in systemd.service.
Getting a grip of the systemd man page hierarchy can be useful though.
I generally find all the information I need when working on unit files
for services in systemd.unit, systemd.service, systemd.exec and
systemd.kill. That usually covers most of the life cycle of a service.
Systemd has a steep and long learning curve, it appears. So a good GUI manager
for it might be helpful, especially if it had some graphical features as well as
text representations. The old init stuff was easier for somebody not making a
career of the whole thing. If I was paid to sysadmin I'd dig in more than I can
now. Other things are more fun for somebody not quite retired.
{^_-}
