I strongly believe that this is a prolonged stage of human development. We will eventually evolve out of this stage into a more enlightened one. (I hope.)
On Tue, Jul 13, 2010 at 3:40 AM, Martin Baxter <martinbaxt...@gmail.com>wrote: > > > Ain't humanity WONDERFUL? > > Martin (needs t get around to hacking the DoD to launch everything and end > this vale of tears) > > > On Tue, Jul 13, 2010 at 3:28 AM, Mr. Worf <hellomahog...@gmail.com> wrote: > >> >> >> http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/ >> Top 10 Evil Human Experiments >> >> Share This- Published March 14, 2008 - 343 >> Comments<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#idc-container> >> >> *[WARNING] This list contains descriptions and images of human >> experimentation which may cause offense to some readers.]* Human >> experimentation and research ethics evolved over time. On occasion, the >> subjects of human experimentation have been prisoners, slaves, or even >> family >> <http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>members. In >> some notable cases, doctors have performed experiments on >> themselves when they have been unwilling to risk the lives of others. This >> is known as self-experimentation. This is a list of the 10 most evil and >> unethical experiments carried out on humans. >> 10 >> Stanford Prison Experiment >> >> [image: Stanford Prison] >> >> The Stanford prison experiment was a >> psychological<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>study >> of human responses to captivity and its behavioral effects on both >> authorities and inmates in prison. The experiment was conducted in 1971 by a >> team of researchers led by psychologist Philip Zimbardo at Stanford >> University. Undergraduate volunteers played the roles of both guards and >> prisoners living in a mock prison in the basement of the Stanford psychology >> building. >> >> Prisoners and guards rapidly adapted to their roles, stepping beyond the >> boundaries of what had been predicted and leading to dangerous and >> psychologically damaging situations. One-third of the guards were judged to >> have exhibited “genuine” sadistic tendencies, while many prisoners were >> emotionally traumatized and two had to be removed from the experiment early. >> Finally, Zimbardo, alarmed at the increasingly abusive anti-social behavior >> from his subjects, terminated the entire experiment early. >> 9 >> The Monster Study >> >> [image: Stuttering] >> >> The Monster Study was a stuttering experiment on 22 orphan >> children<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>in >> Davenport, Iowa, in 1939 conducted by Wendell Johnson at the University >> of Iowa. Johnson chose one of his graduate students, Mary Tudor, to conduct >> the experiment and he supervised her research. After placing the children in >> control and experimental groups, Tudor gave positive speech therapy to half >> of the children, praising the fluency of their speech, and negative speech >> therapy to the other half, belittling the children for every speech >> imperfection and telling them they were stutterers. Many of the normal >> speaking orphan children who received negative therapy in the experiment >> suffered negative psychological effects and some retained speech problems >> during the course of their life. Dubbed “The Monster Study” by some of >> Johnson’s peers who were horrified that he would experiment on orphan >> children to prove a theory, the experiment was kept hidden for fear >> Johnson’s reputation would be tarnished in the wake of human experiments >> conducted by the Nazis during World War II. The University of Iowa publicly >> apologized for the Monster Study in 2001. >> 8 >> Project 4.1 >> >> [image: 300Px-Project 4.1 Figures] >> >> Project 4.1 was the designation for a medical study conducted by the >> United States of those residents of the Marshall Islands exposed to >> radioactive fallout from the March 1, 1954 Castle Bravo nuclear test at >> Bikini Atoll, which had an unexpectedly large yield. For the first decade >> after the test, the effects were ambiguous and statistically difficult to >> correlate to radiation exposure: miscarriages and stillbirths among exposed >> Rongelap women doubled in the first five years after the accident, but then >> returned to normal; some developmental difficulties and impaired growth >> appeared in children, but in no clear-cut pattern. In the decades that >> followed, though, the effects were undeniable. Children began to suffer >> disproportionately from thyroid >> cancer<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>(due >> to exposure to radioiodines), and almost a third of those exposed >> developed neoplasms by 1974. >> >> As a Department of >> Energy<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>Committee >> writing on the human radiation experiments wrote, “It appears to >> have been almost immediately apparent to the AEC and the Joint Task Force >> running the Castle series that research on radiation effects could be done >> in conjunction with the medical treatment of the exposed populations.” The >> DOE report also concluded that “The dual purpose of what is now a DOE >> medical program has led to a view by the Marshallese that they were being >> used as ‘guinea pigs’ in a ‘radiation experiment.’” >> 7 >> Project MKULTRA >> >> [image: Cia Lsd] >> >> Project MKULTRA, or MK-ULTRA, was the code name for a CIA mind-control >> research program, run by the Office of Scientific Intelligence, that began >> in the early 1950s and continued at least through the late 1960s. There is >> much published evidence that the project involved the surreptitious use of >> many types of drugs, as well as other methodologies, to manipulate >> individual mental states and to alter brain function. >> >> Experiments included administering LSD to CIA >> employees<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>, >> military personnel, doctors, other government agents, prostitutes, mentally >> ill patients, and members of the general public in order to study their >> reactions. LSD and other drugs were usually administered without the >> subject’s knowledge and informed consent, a violation of the Nuremberg Code >> that the U.S. agreed to follow after WWII. >> >> Efforts to “recruit” subjects were often illegal, even discounting the >> fact that drugs were being administered (though actual use of LSD, for >> example, was legal in the United States until October 6, 1966). In Operation >> Midnight Climax, the CIA set up several brothels to obtain a selection of >> men who would be too embarrassed to talk about the events. The men were >> dosed with LSD, and the brothels were equipped with one-way mirrors and the >> “sessions” were filmed for later viewing and study. >> >> In 1973, CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MKULTRA files destroyed. >> Pursuant to this order, most CIA documents regarding the project were >> destroyed, making a full investigation of MKULTRA virtually impossible. >> 6 >> The Aversion Project >> >> [image: Levine] >> >> South Africa’s apartheid army forced white lesbian and gay soldiers to >> undergo ‘sex-change’ operations in the 1970′s and the 1980′s, and submitted >> many to chemical castration, electric shock, and other unethical medical >> experiments. Although the exact number is not known, former apartheid army >> surgeons estimate that as many as 900 forced ‘sexual reassignment’ >> operations may have been performed between 1971 and 1989 at military >> hospitals, as part of a >> top-secret<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>program >> to root out homosexuality from the service. >> >> Army psychiatrists aided by chaplains aggressively ferreted out suspected >> homosexuals from the armed forces, sending them discretely to military >> psychiatric units, chiefly ward 22 of 1 Military Hospital at >> Voortrekkerhoogte, near Pretoria. Those who could not be ‘cured’ with drugs, >> aversion shock therapy, hormone treatment, and other radical ‘psychiatric’ >> means were chemically castrated or given sex-change operations. >> >> Although several cases of lesbian soldiers abused have been documented so >> far—including one botched sex-change operation—most of the victims appear to >> have been young, 16 to 24-year-old white males drafted into the apartheid >> army. >> >> Dr. Aubrey Levin (the head of the study) is now Clinical Professor in the >> Department of Psychiatry (Forensic Division) at the University of Calgary’s >> Medical School. He is also in private practice, as a member in good standing >> of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta. >> >> >> >> 5 >> North Korean Experimentation >> >> [image: 200403020016 01] >> >> There have been many reports of North Korean human experimentation. These >> reports show human rights abuses similar to those of Nazi and Japanese human >> experimentation in World War II. These allegations of human rights abuses >> are denied by the North Korean government, who claim that all prisoners in >> North Korea are humanely treated. >> >> One former North Korean woman prisoner tells how 50 healthy women >> prisoners were selected and given poisoned cabbage leaves, which all the >> women had to >> eat<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>despite >> cries of distress from those who had already eaten. All 50 were dead >> after 20 minutes of vomiting blood and anal bleeding. Refusing to eat would >> have meant reprisals against them and their families. >> >> Kwon Hyok, a former prison Head of Security at Camp 22, described >> laboratories equipped respectively for poison gas, suffocation gas and blood >> experiments, in which 3 or 4 people, normally a family, are the experimental >> subjects. After undergoing medical checks, the chambers are sealed and >> poison is injected through a tube, while “scientists” observe from above >> through glass. Kwon Hyok claims to have watched one family of 2 parents, a >> son and a daughter die from suffocating gas, with the parents trying to save >> the children using mouth-to-mouth resuscitation for as long as they had the >> strength. >> 4 >> Poison laboratory of the Soviets >> >> [image: Sovietlab] >> >> The Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services, also known as >> Laboratory 1, Laboratory 12 and “The Chamber”, was a covert poison research >> and development facility of the Soviet secret police agencies. The Soviets >> tested a number of deadly poisons on prisoners from the Gulag (“enemies of >> the people”), including mustard gas, ricin, digitoxin and many others. The >> goal of the experiments was to find a tasteless, odorless chemical that >> could not be detected post mortem. Candidate poisons were given to the >> victims, with a >> meal<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>or >> drink, as “medication”. >> >> Finally, a preparation with the desired properties called C-2 was >> developed. According to witness testimonies, the victim changed physically, >> became shorter, weakened quickly, became calm and silent and died within >> fifteen minutes. Mairanovsky brought to the laboratory people of varied >> physical condition and ages in order to have a more complete picture about >> the action of each poison. >> >> In addition to human experimentation, Mairanovsky personally executed >> people with poisons, under the supervision of Pavel Sudoplatov. >> 3 >> The Tuskegee Syphilis Study >> >> [image: Event Tuskegee] >> >> The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male was a clinical >> study, conducted between 1932 and 1972 in Tuskegee, Alabama, in which 399 >> (plus 201 control group without syphilis) poor — and mostly illiterate — >> African American sharecroppers were denied treatment for Syphilis. >> >> This study became notorious because it was conducted without due care to >> its subjects, and led to major changes in how patients are protected in >> clinical studies. Individuals enrolled in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study did >> not give informed consent and were not informed of their diagnosis; instead >> they were told they had “bad blood” and could receive free medical >> treatment, rides to the clinic, meals and burial insurance in case of death >> in return for participating. In 1932, when the study started, standard >> treatments for syphilis were toxic, dangerous, and of questionable >> effectiveness. Part of the original goal of the study was to determine if >> patients were better off not being treated with these toxic remedies. For >> many participants, treatment was intentionally denied. Many patients were >> lied to and given placebo treatments—in order to observe the fatal >> progression of the disease. >> >> By the end of the study, only 74 of the test subjects were still alive. >> Twenty-eight of the men had died directly of syphilis, 100 were dead of >> related complications, 40 of their wives had been infected, and 19 of their >> children had been born with congenital syphilis. >> 2 >> Unit 731 >> >> [image: Unit731S] >> >> Unit 731 was a covert biological and chemical warfare research and >> development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that undertook lethal human >> experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and World >> War II. It was responsible for some of the most notorious war crimes carried >> out by Japanese personnel. >> >> Some of the numerous atrocities committed by the commander Shiro Ishii and >> others under his command in Unit 731 include: vivisection of living people >> (including pregnant women who were impregnated by the doctors), prisoners >> had limbs amputated and reattached to other parts of their body, some >> prisoners had parts of their bodies frozen and thawed to study the resulting >> untreated gangrene. Humans were also used as living test cases for grenades >> and flame throwers. Prisoners were injected with strains of diseases, >> disguised as vaccinations, to study their effects. To study the effects of >> untreated venereal diseases, male and female prisoners were deliberately >> infected with syphilis and gonorrhea via rape, then studied. A complete list >> of these >> horrors<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>can >> be found >> here <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_731>. >> >> Having been granted immunity by the American Occupation Authorities at the >> end of the war, Ishii never spent any time in jail for his crimes and died >> at the age of 67 of throat cancer. >> 1 >> Nazi Experiments >> >> [image: Dachautests] >> >> Nazi human experimentation was medical experimentation on large numbers of >> people by the German Nazi regime in its concentration camps during World War >> II. At Auschwitz, under the direction of Dr. Eduard Wirths, selected inmates >> were subjected to various experiments which were supposedly designed to help >> German military personnel in combat situations, to aid in the recovery of >> military personnel that had been injured, and to advance the racial ideology >> backed by the Third Reich. >> >> Experiments on twin children in concentration camps were created to show >> the similarities and differences in the genetics and eugenics of twins, as >> well as to see if the human body can be unnaturally manipulated. The central >> leader of the experiments was Dr. Josef Mengele, who performed experiments >> on over 1,500 sets of imprisoned twins, of which fewer than 200 individuals >> survived the studies. Dr. Mengele organized the testing of genetics in >> twins. The twins were arranged by age and sex and kept in barracks in >> between the test, which ranged from the injection of different chemicals >> into the eyes of the twins to see if it would change their colors to >> literally sewing the twins together in hopes of creating conjoined twins. >> >> In 1942 the Luftwaffe conducted experiments to learn how to treat >> hypothermia. One study forced subjects to endure a tank of ice water for up >> to three hours (see image above). Another study placed prisoners naked in >> the open for several hours with temperatures below freezing. The >> experimenters assessed different ways of rewarming survivors. >> >> From about July 1942 to about September 1943, experiments to investigate >> the effectiveness of sulfonamide, a synthetic antimicrobial agent, were >> conducted at Ravensbrück. Wounds inflicted on the subjects were infected >> with bacteria such as Streptococcus, gas gangrene, and tetanus. Circulation >> of blood was interrupted by tying off blood vessels at both ends of the >> wound to create a condition similar to that of a battlefield wound. >> Infection was aggravated by forcing wood >> shavings<http://listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/#>and >> ground glass into the wounds. The infection was treated with sulfonamide >> and other drugs to determine their effectiveness. >> >> This article is licensed under the GFDL >> <http://listverse.com/fdl.txt>because it contains text from Wikipedia. >> >> >> -- >> Celebrating 10 years of bringing diversity to perversity! >> Mahogany at: >> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/mahogany_pleasures_of_darkness/ >> >> > > > -- > "If all the world's a stage and we are merely players, who the bloody hell > wrote the script?" -- Charles E Grant > > http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQUxw9aUVik > > > -- Celebrating 10 years of bringing diversity to perversity! Mahogany at: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/mahogany_pleasures_of_darkness/
