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http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,706802,00.html
American navy 'helped Venezuelan coup' Duncan Campbell in Los
Angeles Monday April 29, 2002 The Guardian
The United States had been considering a coup to overthrow the elected
Venezuelan president, Hugo Chavez, since last June, a former US intelligence
officer claimed yesterday.
It is also alleged that the US navy aided the abortive coup which took
place in Venezuela on April 11 with intelligence from its vessels in the
Caribbean. Evidence is also emerging of US financial backing for key
participants in the coup.
Both sides in Venezuela have blamed the other for the violence
surrounding the coup.
Wayne Madsen, a former intelligence officer with the US navy, told the
Guardian yesterday that American military attaches had been in touch with
members of the Venezuelan military to examine the possibility of a coup.
"I first heard of Lieutenant Colonel James Rogers [the assistant military
attache now based at the US embassy in Caracas] going down there last June
to set the ground," Mr Madsen, an intelligence analyst, said yesterday.
"Some of our counter-narcotics agents were also involved."
He said that the navy was in the area for operations unconnected to the
coup, but that he understood they had assisted with signals intelligence as
the coup was played out.
Mr Madsen also said that the navy helped with communications jamming
support to the Venezuelan military, focusing on communications to and from
the diplomatic missions in Caracas belonging to Cuba, Libya, Iran and
Iraq - the four countries which had expressed support for Mr Chavez.
Navy vessels on a training exercise in the area were supposedly put on
stand-by in case evacuation of US citizens in Venezuela was required.
In Caracas, a congressman has accused the US ambassador to Venezuela,
Charles Shapiro, and two US embassy military attaches of involvement in the
coup.
Roger Rondon claimed that the military officers, whom he named as (James)
Rogers and (Ronald) MacCammon, had been at the Fuerte Tiuna military
headquarters with the coup leaders during the night of April 11-12. |And
referring to Mr Shapiro, Mr Rondon said: "We saw him leaving Miraflores
palace, all smiles and embraces, with the dictator Pedro Carmona Estanga
[who was installed by the military for a day] ... [His] satisfaction was
obvious. Shapiro's participation in the coup d'itat in Venezuela is
evident."
The US embassy dismissed the allegations as "ridiculous". Mr Shapiro
admitted meeting Mr Carmona the day after the coup, but said he urged him to
restore the national assembly, which had been dissolved.
Mr Carmona told the Guardian that no such advice was given, although he
agreed that a meeting took place.
A US embassy spokesman said there were no US military personnel from the
embassy at Fuerte Tiuna during the crucial periods from April 11 to 13, al
though two members of the embassy's defence attache's office, one of
them Lt Col Rogers, drove around the base on the afternoon of April 11 to
check reports that it was closed.
Mr Rondon has also claimed that two foreign gunmen, one American and the
other Salvadorean, were detained by security police during the anti-Chavez
protest on April 11 in which around 19 people were killed, many by
unidentified snipers firing from rooftops.
"They haven't appeared anywhere. We presume these two gentlemen were
given some kind of safe-conduct and could have left the country," he said.
The members of the military who coordinated the coup have claimed that
they did so because they feared that Mr Chavez was intending to attack the
civilian protesters who opposed him.
Mr Chavez's opponents claim pro-Chavez gunmen shot protesters while his
supporters say the shots were fired by agents provocateurs .
In the past year, the United States has channeled hundreds of thousands
of dollars in grants to US and Venezuelan groups opposed to Mr Chavez,
including the labour group whose protests sparked off the coup. The
funds were provided by the National Endowment for Democracy, a nonprofit
agency created and financed by the US Congress.
The state department's human rights bureau is now examining whether one
or more recipients of the money may have actively plotted against Mr Chavez.
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