Re: A Philosophical Point To Be Made: The Truth
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhAoN7g-xLs
That is another attempt to reach you. Please try again if I haven't yet.
I'm disappointed there has been no feedback yet.
I know that it's off-topic, but at least yell at me for that, geez. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig <
bamb...@castopulence.org>
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <https://www.bambams.ca/ <http://www.bambams.ca/>>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
On Sun, Oct 17, 2021 at 1:15 AM Brandon McCaig wrote:
> Hello All,
>
> It has been a while. I haven't been active on the list in years.
> Something much bigger has been stealing my focus. And now I think
> I might be ready to share it with the world.
>
> Do be warned, I make best efforts to be inclusive of all, but I
> only know what I know. But if I'm right I have the answer to all
> of this for all of us.
>
> https://castopulence.org/
>
> To summarize, I think I know what the "correction" to
> insensitivity is. A better social network. Based upon the truth.
>
> I wonder too if the Perl developers themselves might be
> interested in this discussion because of its relationship to
> linguistics and software. Though I dare not try to send it their
> way directly without a push (and maybe a direction).
>
> Feedback, constructive or otherwise, is welcomed and encouraged.
>
> Regards,
>
>
>
> Brandon McCaig <
> bamb...@castopulence.org>
> Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
> Blog <https://www.bambams.ca/ <http://www.bambams.ca/>>
> perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
> q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
> tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
>
A Philosophical Point To Be Made: The Truth
Hello All,
It has been a while. I haven't been active on the list in years.
Something much bigger has been stealing my focus. And now I think
I might be ready to share it with the world.
Do be warned, I make best efforts to be inclusive of all, but I
only know what I know. But if I'm right I have the answer to all
of this for all of us.
https://castopulence.org/
To summarize, I think I know what the "correction" to
insensitivity is. A better social network. Based upon the truth.
I wonder too if the Perl developers themselves might be
interested in this discussion because of its relationship to
linguistics and software. Though I dare not try to send it their
way directly without a push (and maybe a direction).
Feedback, constructive or otherwise, is welcomed and encouraged.
Regards,
Brandon McCaig <
bamb...@castopulence.org>
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <https://www.bambams.ca/ <http://www.bambams.ca/>>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
Re: data structure for Template Toolkit
Sorry for the noise. This reply was intended for on-list, but
apparently I'm a bit rusty and hit the wrong key.
On Tue, Oct 30, 2018 at 02:41:46PM -0400, Brandon McCaig wrote:
> On Tue, Oct 30, 2018 at 07:34:11AM -0500, Rick T wrote:
> > Still, if anyone can point me to a “beginners guide” to using
> > CPAN, I’ll take a look at it.
>
> The easy button for CPAN, or at least the one I'm most familiar
> with, is cpanm AKA App::cpanminus. The cpan command is very
> low-level and prompts the user repeatedly, making it basically
> unusable by a human user. If it is available to you, or you're
> able to get it installed, cpanm takes away all of this pain and
> automatically fetches, builds, tests, and installs your desired
> package and all of its dependencies automatically.. You'd just
> invoke:
>
> $ cpanm Template::Simple
>
> And with minimal output it should install for you. If not, you
> might have to get your hands dirty reading logs to figure out
> what is wrong, and what to do about it, but for well maintained
> packages in a Unix-like environment that is rare in my
> experience..
>
> You can read about cpanm and how to install it from the Git repo
> readme:
> https://github.com/miyagawa/cpanminus/tree/devel/App-cpanminus
>
> I have not used hosting environments for Perl deployment so I
> cannot say whether this is likely to be an option for you.
>
> On another note, a nice way to control your Perl environment is
> by using perlbrew, which allows you to install an up-to-date perl
> distribution within your home directory to use, and to likewise
> install your CPAN modules within your home directory too. It is
> also capable of managing many different perl environments
> side-by-side which probably isn't needed, but doesn't hurt to
> know about..
>
> I'm not sure how difficult it would be to use a perlbrew
> environment for your hosting environment, but nevertheless it is
> a useful resource to know about. Note that if you do use perlbrew
> it has a command to install cpanm too so it might kill two birds
> with one stone.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <http://www.bambams.ca/>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: PGP signature
Re: local and auto flush
On Tue, May 15, 2018 at 06:02:40PM +0100, Andrew Solomon wrote:
> $| is a global* variable so you use local to isolate this
> change to only where you need it.
Just to expand on this idea, this is called "dynamic scope"[1]
(as opposed to global or local scope). Effectively a new scope is
allocated when you use local and all code within the current *and
nested* scopes will see the new value, but as soon as you leave
the current scope (by any means, including an "exception"!) it
will revert back to its previous value.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scope_(computer_science)#Dynamic_scoping
To illustrate it's best to show nested calls:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use feature 'say';
use strict;
use warnings;
our $foo = 1;
f2();# => 1
f1(); # ...
p(); # => 1
sub p {
say $foo;
}
sub f1 {
local $foo = 2;
p(); # => 2
f2(); # => 2
}
sub f2 {
p();
}
__END__
Compare that to a lexical variable. You could have defined a
lexical variable $foo in `f1`, and within `f1` it would have
evaluated `$foo` as 2, but within `f2` inside of `f1` it would
have still seen the package variable at 1.
And compare that to the package variable itself. If you
reassigned the package variable it would remain at 2 forever
until some other piece of the program modifed it again.
Dynamic scope gives you an isolated, temporary modification of
some "global"/package scope variable without affecting other
parts of the program.
To achieve this in other languages you often have to copy the
value, and execute the action in the equivalent of a
try...finally construct to restore the original value before
leaving the scope, which is far more error-prone and far more
difficult to read.
As mentioned, unless you limit the scope of `local` there isn't
much point. If you use local from the package scope of `main`
you're effectively changing it for the entire program. As a
result, you'll often see it used withn a do {} statement in such
a context to allocate a limited scope for it:
my $contents = do {
local $/ = undef; # Temporarily set read record separator
<$file_handle>; # to undefined to slurp the whole file.
};
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <http://www.bambams.ca/>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: PGP signature
Re: Write a plugin for an IRC bot
On Wed, Mar 16, 2016 at 02:44:21AM -0300, pablo báez wrote:
> Hi,
Hello,
> I'd like to write a plugin for an IRC bot (which is based on
> POE::Component::IRC) using POE::Component::IRC::Plugin. I want
> it to do the following (this is a simplified version of what I
> actually would like it to do):
>
> When the nick 'foo' sends to a channel
>
> !greet 20
>
> the bot must reply
>
> Hi foo!
>
> after 20 seconds. How could I do that? I don't know how to
> trigger an event after a specified amount of time.
I'm a POE newbie myself, but the POE::Kernel SYNOPSIS contains an
example that recursively triggers an event after a second (except
for the initial one, I imagine):
> POE::Session->create(
> inline_states => {
> _start => sub { $_[KERNEL]->yield("next") },
> next => sub {
> print "tick...\n";
> $_[KERNEL]->delay(next => 1); # ***
> },
> });
It appears that delay() is a standard method that can trigger an
event after some amount of time.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig <bamcc...@gmail.com> <bamb...@castopulence.org>
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <http://www.bambams.ca/>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Perl executable problem...
Rui:
On Thu, Nov 12, 2015 at 8:53 AM, Rui Fernandes <rui.kep...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi,
Hello:
> I'm having a problem compiling a perl script to run in my windows 7 32 bits
> environment. It compiles with Perl Dev Kit from active state, but when I run
> it (in the command line of dos) it just freezes - no anwer. The compilation
> gives no error. Does anyone knows why this might be happening?
Ordinarily Perl programs are compiled just before they are run. How
are you attempting to run it? I am not familiar with ActiveState's
"Perl Dev Kit" (and I imagine many of us wouldn't be). I imagine
ActiveState has a support channel though so you could try directing
your problem to them.
Normally to run a Perl program you would just pass the path of the
perl script to the perl executable:
C:\Users\bambams\src> perl myscript.pl
Hello World!
C:\Users\bambams\src>
In *nix environments you can use a shebang line (the #! line at the
beginning of a script) combined with an executable bit to execute the
script directly and have the system execute the interpreter for you:
bambams@home ~/src$ ./myscript.pl
Hello World!
bambams@home ~/src$
In Windows, it might work similarly if there is a file association
setup for the .pl file extension. To be safe and consistent it is
easiest to just invoke the perl executable manually as in the first
example.
Does any of this help you to understand the problem? Is ActiveState's
"dev kit" actually attempting to assemble a self-contained .exe with
your Perl program and the perl interpreter (ignore this suggestion
entirely if it's gibberish to you)?
I support the suggestion to give Strawberry Perl a try. It's assembled
with free (as in speech) software and contains everything you need to
build and install most Windows-compatible CPAN modules.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig <bamcc...@gmail.com> <bamb...@castopulence.org>
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <http://www.bambams.ca/>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Multi line file handling
On Mon, Oct 19, 2015 at 07:48:06PM +0530, Prashant Thorat wrote:
> Hi All,
Hello,
> I have a file with multiple lines ,I want to assign all content to variable
> & then want to work on it.
> Like want to match pattern /window/ from it.
> how can it is possible ?
> for example -
>
> open ( F1 ,"file.txt") || die "$!";
You should always use strict and use warnings. They will catch a
lot of gotchas that Perl will normally silently ignore.
use strict;
use warnings;
You should prefer the 3-argument open() as a best practice
because it's safer. Also, you should prefer lexical file handles.
Note that there's no need to quote a variable in Perl (Perl is
not a shell language; variable quoting is not necessary). die $!
would suffice. That said, you should probably add some context to
that error so that you know what failed.
For example:
open my $fh, '<', 'file.txt' or die "open: $!";
> $a=;
You should avoid using $a or $b as variable names because they
have special meaning (i.e., see perldoc -f sort).
See `perldoc perlvar' for $/, the input record separator (AKA
$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR with use English). If set to undef then
you can slurp in the whole file with one read.
my $contents = do {
local $/ = undef;
<$fh>;
};
> if (/window/i){print
> "it is present\n";
> }
It's best to avoid using the default variable, $_, because it can
very easily be overwritten from a distance. You originally
planned to put the contents into $a, but as noted above that's a
bad practice. Instead, I read into $contents.
We can match the contents of the file by binding the regex to the
contents:
if ($contents =~ /window/i) {
print "Contents of file.txt matched window.\n";
}
Even though a lexical file handle will automatically be closed
when it goes out of scope it's still a good practice to manually
close it and check for errors.
close $fh or warn "close: $!";
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig <bamcc...@gmail.com> <bamb...@castopulence.org>
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <http://www.bambams.ca/>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Sockets getting stuck
On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 6:34 AM, David Emanuel da Costa Santiago
<deman...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi!
Hello,
> THanks for your suggestion.
I assume this was off-list because I didn't get it. Also consider
bottom-posting or interleaved posting for easier reading.
> I changed my code to:
>
> sub _read_from_socket{
> my ($select) = @_;
>
> my ($output, $buffer) = ('', '');
> my $socket = undef;
> do {
> $socket = ($select->can_read(0.1))[0];
> } while (!defined $socket);
You're essentially manually blocking your code here. Until you can
read the program will be stuck in that loop, blocked/hung. It's no
different than just reading without IO::Select (which probably wastes
fewer CPU cycles too).
In general it would depend on the protocol you're using. _Should_
there always be data when you go to read or could the remote end have
nothing to send you? You can try to rearrange your program to handle
the case when there is no data. Instead of looping until can_read(),
try printing or logging a diagnostic message and either moving on to
other work, putting the program to sleep to try again after some
period of time, or exit 1.
Perhaps your troubles aren't code and are instead network stability.
If your network isn't stable enough to receive the packets then there
isn't much you can do within software to fix it.
Unless you need socket-level access consider using a higher-level
network programming API to save yourself such low-level headaches. The
code to deal with sockets robustly is complicated and that wheel
already exists in several forms. Check CPAN for something more
appropriate.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig <bamcc...@gmail.com> <bamcc...@castopulence.org>
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <http://www.bambams.ca/>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: reading from socket
On Thu, Sep 17, 2015 at 10:55:58PM +0200, Chris Knipe wrote:
> Hi All,
Hello,
> Running under Net::Server, I have:
Unfortunately, you seem to be neglecting to give us full programs
to test with which requires us to do guess work. The best way to
get help is to do your best to reproduce the problem with as
little code as possible, and post a *complete* program that we
can debug without having to do any extra research or writing
ourselves.
> sub process_request {
> while () {
You should assign the line to a variable instead of using $_.
That will protect you against $_ being implicitly overwritten or
being overwritten from a distance.
> $_ =~ s/\t//; # Remove any instance of \t from the received
> line
This will only remove the first occurrence of tab in the string.
It won't remove _any_ occurrences.
> $_ =~ s/[^[:ascii:]]//g;
> my @Command = split(/\ /, $_);
There's no need to escape a space character in a regular
expression. That would be fine as just / /. Or if you wanted the
special awk-like behavior of splitting on multiple white-space
characters and trimming the start then you should use " ".
> switch($Command['0']) {
It doesn't make any sense to quote the 0 here. The string gets
converted to an integer index. It should be written as just plain
$Command[0].
Additionally, Switch.pm is a hack of a module that uses source
filtering to accomplish its goals. It has various limitations and
should generally be avoided in production code. I think the
preferred mechanism is to simply use an elsif-ladder. I'm not
sure if it could be, but it would be interesting if that was the
culprit all along.
> case m/^\bPOST\b/i {
> print $sock "340 Ok, send message\r\n";
>
> my $filename = '/tmp/test.txt';
> open(OUTFILE, ">", $filename);
> binmode(OUTFILE);
> binmode(STDIN);
> my $size=0;
> while (read(*STDIN, local $_, 4)) {
Again you'd be better off using a different variable than $_. $_
can be easily changed on you without being obvious that it has
changed.
> $self->log(0,Dumper($_));
> print OUTFILE $_;
> $size=$size+length($_);
I'm assuming all of the lines on the left margin are debugging
lines because that's what I do too. I'm ignoring that.
> if ($_ =~ /^\.\r\n$/) {
This looks suspicious to me, but maybe that's just my ignorance
with the protocol. You appear to be reading 4-bytes at a time,
but then you're comparing with an extact 3-byte terminator. How
do you know that the last 3 bytes will align themselves this way?
> Can someone *PLEASE* just help me to get this sorted out? I am
> even willing to go off list and pay someone to fix this for me.
> It's now a serious, serious issue that I need to get resolved
> asap, and more than likely either something very trivial that
> I'm overlooking, or a bug somewhere in perl / Net::Server.
That's a reasonable route to take. Be sure to let us know if you
do get private help so that we know to stop. :)
I'll attempt to look at the files from your latter E-mail, but
without having a complete program to work with there's no
guarantee I'll even be looking in the right ball park.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig <bamcc...@gmail.com> <bamcc...@castopulence.org>
Castopulence Software <https://www.castopulence.org/>
Blog <http://www.bambams.ca/>
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: reading from socket
On Wed, Aug 12, 2015 at 12:40:29AM +0200, Chris Knipe wrote:
On Wed, Aug 12, 2015 at 12:16 AM, Chris Knipe sav...@savage.za.org wrote:
Looking at Data::Dumper - it actually looks like latin1 to me *seriously
confused*
$VAR1 =
L\\xAF\\xF3\\xDDWJL\\x94\\xEB\\xB2\\xF8\\xE1\\xAC Z\\x89Ul;\\xB7\\xDE}1
'\\xCA\\xC2\\xE3uZ \\xFF7\\xD2=}\\xA8q:;\@,%:_\x{286}-\\xD8\\xF8\\xF9E\x{2c1}5\\xD6j+Z?\\xA6\\x9F\\xEC7\\xEC\\xBB4'CNld\\xBE\\xE6 =J\\xFD L\x{7d4}\\xF9nOz(w\\x83\\xEA\\xD6UHi\\xD5p+\\xBFa\\xADvG\\xD4*a\\xEA\\xBBC\\xD0\x{9631}=J\\x96
\\xFD\\xF9MxD\\x89g\\x9EA\\xBD5\\xB4R\\xA0\\xE5sp\\xF3\\xD2x\\x84\xEC\\x92y\\x91\\\x{7c1}\\xB1\\xA1\\x9C\\xB73BE\\xA9)\\xCAf\\xC8\\xEE+\\xA1b\\x8E\\xFCM!\@\\xBE^\\xB5d;
This snippet of data looks like what I perceive the yEncoding to
be. If this is the beginning of the message then perhaps the
entire stream *is* yEncoded? In that case, decoding the yEnc
before processing may be helpful. I don't know what protocol this
is...
I don't see anything in there that could be mistaken for \r or
\n, though I'm not sure how yEnc works. How did you modify the
loop to log this? Can you show us the updated program?
And yes - there's numerous characters in the the above that actually didn't
even make it to the email...
http://www.savage.za.org/webpics/perl-encode.png
I don't remember mention of an E-mail before. What relationship
does that E-mail message have to this program?
Note also that you appear to be sending HTML E-mails (see the
Internet for why that's evil), which could also potentially mean
that what I'm reading in plain text isn't exactly what you
intended to send... It all depends on your MUA. You may gain some
comfort knowing what you send is what you want to send by
switching to plain-text E-mails.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: reading from socket
has to travel through to arrive at your
machine. Lots can happen on the network. Packets can be dropped,
routed wrong, etc. The packets get reassembled in order once they
arrive on your machine and only then can you read the data from
them. There's no way to ensure that all of the data is there when
you go to read. All you can do is read and hope. There's no
guarantee the data will ever get to you. A robust program will be
prepared to deal with that.
One thing to note is that when you read you're throwing away
partial reads of data. If the stream contains more than 512 bytes
of data then you'll lose the first n - 512 bytes. If you want to
slurp up the entire thing into memory and process it all at once
then perhaps at a -1 argument to read() indicating that it should
store the read data at the end of the buffer instead of
overwriting it.
I realize my problem here is the really whacky way in which the
data stream is encoded (and that is completely out of my
control). But there must be a adequate and proper way to
handle this data.
I don't think the data stream is encoded overly whacky. I think
the problem is just that writing computer software is *hard*. It
takes a bit of experience with something knew to wrap your head
around it, and until then even things that you know how to do can
go wrong. It would be helpful if you could show us a complete
program that we could test for ourselves. If you can't share the
whole thing then try creating a minimal example. We will figure
this out...!
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: reading from socket
Chris:
On Tue, Aug 11, 2015 at 02:24:13PM +0200, Chris Knipe wrote:
Hi All,
Hello,
I'm reading binary from a socket, and just like a normal email message on
the SMTP protocol (for example), the data is terminated by \r\n.\r\n
I'm saying binary because the data stream does include yEnc data (or
character codes 127)
I'm having issues to exit my read loop when I receive the termination
characters...
my $numBytesToRead = 512;
my $buffer;
while ($bytesRead = read($TCPSocket, $buffer, $numBytesToRead)) {
if ($buffer =~ m/\r\n\.\r\n$/) {
print $buffer;
last;
}
}
I'm obviously doing this wrong :( Can anyone perhaps show me the light?
I can think of a couple of problems.
Firstly, if the handle isn't being read with binmode set then
perhaps the \r\n are being converted to \n (if this is Windows)?
How are you creating/initializing the socket?
You used to be able to set binary mode on a file handle using
binmode() like this:
binmode $fh;
Similarly, the character encoding of the data on the socket could
matter. You said there are character codes above 127. Does that
mean the encoding is 8-bit such as [extended] ASCII or latin1, or
do you mean the character codes are WAY above 127? Character
encoding could be another culprit if the \r and \n characters are
encoded differently in the stream than you (and Perl) expects.
Using the IO layers or the explicit Encode module you should be
able to decode the stream into a Perl string that Perl
understands properly.
You can attach an IO layer to the file handle by passing an
additional argument to binmode:
binmode $fh, ':encoding(UTF-8)';
Lastly, you're reading from a socket so there's no guarantee that
the buffer string is going to necessarily end at the termination
boundary. Perhaps the protocol guarantees that, but the socket
surely doesn't. You may need to look for that terminating
sequence in the middle of the buffer.
You could use Data::Dumper and/or various poor-man's debugging
techniques to try to identify the problem here. You could write
what you read to a file and inspect that file with a hex editor
afterward. Alternatively, you could invoke perl's debugger with
the -d flag and inspect the program state in real-time.
Does any of that help?
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: self Introduction
On Mon, Aug 10, 2015 at 10:41:12AM -0400, Brandon McCaig wrote:
I'm afraid that I'm not familiar with OWP so please forgive my
ignorance.
Errr, OPW*.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: self Introduction
Angela:
Hello,
On Mon, Aug 10, 2015 at 01:18:12PM +0100, Angela L wrote:
Hello, I am a student from cameroon looking foward in doing the
opw internship. I am new to perl and i wish to have some
directives on how to get a grip of the code base and also
contribute to the perl community.
I'm afraid that I'm not familiar with OWP so please forgive my
ignorance.
I cannot help much if you will be working with the perl
internals, but if you're learning the Perl language then I might
be able to point you in a useful direction.
I found the perldoc documentation shipped with Perl to be very
useful. It reads almost like a very verbose tutorial. If you have
the patience to read through it then it is quite useful. At
least, if you have existing programming experience with other
languages.
You should be able to access it with the perldoc command from a
command line interface.
perldoc perl
I'd suggests going through the Overview and the first few
Reference Manual sections as a base... At least, that's what I
did. I'm not sure how up-to-date the tutorials there are (Shlomi
Fish has already suggested some alternative resources for
tutorials that are probably better). You should probably install
an up-to-date distribution of perl before doing this so the
perldoc documentation will also be up-to-date (see below).
Finally, one of the best ways to learn is to become active on
this mailing list, ask questions, and try to help others as you
learn. That's a good way to help yourself learn and also help
others learn with you. And a good starting place to participate
in the community.
The first step is probably to install perl. On *nix you probably
already have a perl installed, though it is likely quite old. An
easy way to get an up-to-date perl is perlbrew
(http://perlbrew.pl). That is my preferred distribution.
On Windows, my preferred distribution is Strawberry Perl
(http://strawberryperl.com/). It's a free (libre and gratis)
distribution that includes the necessary toolchain for installing
CPAN modules (third party Perl libraries, which are central to
Perl's power and flexibility).
I'm not familiar with the OS X ecosystem, though the *nix
approach may work.
I recommend using App::cpanminus AKA cpanm to install CPAN
modules. It's much more user-friendly than the basic cpan
command.
P.S., Consider configuring your mail client to send E-mails in
plain-text format. This helps to preserve formatting of messages
and especially source code, even for those of us that are reading
from text-based interfaces. It's also a generally good netiquette
and preferred practice on many mailing lists such as this.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: convert linear array to nested structure
On Sat, Aug 1, 2015 at 12:39 PM, Simon Reinhardt si...@keinstein.org wrote:
Am 30.07.2015 um 20:42 schrieb Brandon McCaig:
I'll give you my 2 cents for whatever that's worth. :)
Thanks for your many comments.
The updated full project code is below. Feedback is appreciated. (you
also find this at github.com/simon0x5b/bookmark-djvu)
I can't help thinking that the entire recursive subroutine could
be simplified and tidied up a bit by changing the direction of
it
could you elaborate on this?
Generally I meant that your solution was short and simple enough that
it probably wasn't worth the extra effort of trying to improve it
[unless the code was going to be maintained for a long time]. This is
what I came up with in a few minutes. It appears to work, but I
reserve the right to be missing something.
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my @input = (
{
title = 'title 1',
level = 1,
page = 1,
},
{
title = 'title 1.1',
level = 2,
page = 2,
},
{
title = 'title 1.2',
level = 2,
page = 3,
},
{
title = 'title 1.2.1',
level = 3,
page = 4,
},
{
title = 'title 2',
level = 1,
page = 5,
},
);
my @output = inflate_outline_tree(\@input);
print Dumper \@output;
sub inflate_outline_tree {
my ($input) = @_;
my @output;
my %prev = (1 = { kids = \@output });
for my $flat_node (@$input) {
my ($level, $page, $title) = @{$flat_node}{qw/level page title/};
my $node = {page = $page, title = $title};
push @{$prev{$level}{kids}}, $node;
$prev{$level + 1} = $node;
}
return \@output;
}
__END__
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: convert linear array to nested structure
On Tue, Aug 4, 2015 at 5:06 PM, Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com wrote:
my %prev = (1 = { kids = \@output });
Perhaps a more adequate identifier for this hash would have been
%parents. *shrugs*
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: convert linear array to nested structure
= {title = $input_array-[$index]{title},
page = $input_array-[$index]{page}};
With an alias like above you'd get:
my $outline_item =
{title = $node-{title}, page = $node-{page}};
Alternatively, you could take advantage of slices and get all of
the elements of the hash at once:
my ($next_level, $title, $page) =
@{$node}{qw/level title page/};
...
my $outline_item = {title = $title, page = $page};
if ($index + 1 = $last
$input_array-[$index + 1]{level} $level) {
($outline_item-{kids}, $index) =
get_recursive_array ($input_array, $index + 1);
}
More personal preferences: It's a good idea to indent
continuation lines (wrapped lines) differently than the nested
levels so that it's easier to tell them apart. I also prefer
operators on the end of the line because I find that it's easier
to read that way.
if($index + 1 = $last
$input_array-[$index + 1]{level} $level) {
($outline_item-{kids}, $index) =
get_recursive_array ($input_array, $index + 1);
}
else {
++$index;
}
You could also store index + 1 into a variable. This could become
(shortening the length of the condition and making the entire
thing easier to read):
my $next_index = $index + 1;
my $next_node = $next_index = $last ?
$input_array-{$next_index} :
undef;
if(defined $next_node $next_node-{$level} $level) {
($outline_item-{kids}, $index) =
get_recursive_array($input_array, $next_index);
} else {
++$index;
}
It's a matter of personal preference, but I find it easier to
read this way.
push @$result_array, $outline_item;
}
return ($result_array, $index);
}
I can't help thinking that the entire recursive subroutine could
be simplified and tidied up a bit by changing the direction of
it, but it looks like it should work and it's concise enough that
it's probably not worth the trouble.
sub djvused_unescape {
# see djvused(1): DJVUSED FILE FORMATS - Strings
# and perlrebackslash
my $string = shift;
# octal escape sequences
$string =~ s/\\([0-7]{3})/pack 'U', oct($1)/ge;
$string =~ s/\\(.)/
if ($1 eq \\ or $1 eq \) {
Consider using single quotes here for at least the double quote.
Also be careful substituting || and or because they do have a
different meaning: it makes no difference here, but you may
surprise yourself if you don't keep it in mind so it's probably a
bad habit to get into using it where it doesn't belong.
if ($1 eq '\\' || $1 eq '') {
$1;
}
elsif ($1 eq a) {
\a;
}
elsif ($1 eq b) {
\b;
}
elsif ($1 eq t) {
\t;
}
elsif ($1 eq n) {
\n;
}
elsif ($1 eq v) {
\x{0b};
}
elsif ($1 eq f) {
\f;
}
elsif ($1 eq r) {
\r;
}
else {
die unknown escape sequence in '$string';
}
/ge;
You should probably indent the replacement body here so that
it stands out from the surrounding code. You could also lose some
vertical space by joining } and elsif ... lines. Again, it's a
style thing, but if you're already going half-way towards sharing
a line I don't see the harm in going all the way. ;)
$string =~ s/\\(.)/
if ($1 eq \\ or $1 eq \) {
$1;
} elsif ($1 eq a) {
\a;
} elsif ($1 eq b) {
\b;
} elsif ($1 eq t) {
\t;
} elsif ($1 eq n) {
\n;
} elsif ($1 eq v) {
\x{0b};
} elsif ($1 eq f) {
\f;
} elsif ($1 eq r) {
\r;
} else {
die unknown escape sequence in '$string';
}
/ge;
Additionally, consider putting it into a separate subroutine:
$string =~ s/\\(.)/expand_escape_sequence($string)/ge;
sub expand_escape_sequence {
my ($string) = @_;
if ($1 eq \\ || $1 eq \) {
return $1;
} elsif ($1 eq a) {
return \a;
} elsif ($1 eq b) {
return \b;
} elsif ($1 eq t) {
return \t;
} elsif ($1 eq n) {
return \n;
} elsif ($1 eq v) {
return \x{0b};
} elsif ($1 eq f) {
return \f;
} elsif ($1 eq r) {
return \r;
} else {
die Unknown escape sequence in '$string';
}
}
return $string
}
All of my suggestions are untested so copy-pasta chefs beware.
:)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa
Re: To use signatures or not to use?
On Wed, Jul 22, 2015 at 3:11 PM, Alex Becker asb.c...@gmail.com wrote:
Dear all,
Perl now has subroutine signatures. However, they are marked as experimental
feature.
As I really like it, I'm always tempted to use it.
On the other hand, I don't want to wast efforts to something I have to roll
back.
So, does anyone know the tendency if signatures are going to stay?
I'm not looking for the standard do if you want to do it because TIMTOWTDI
answer, it will not help me. I'm looking for rumors, or eventually an
assessment from the people who did the feature?
This is either the first I've heard of this or I just drink too much.
One thing that I notice is that the Signatures section seems quite
early and long in the perlsub documentation for such an experimental
and new feature. I know that when I first learned Perl (which was 5.x)
I did so largely by reading the core perldocs almost like a tutorial.
Reading the perlsub now I might quickly forget that signatures are
experimental after glossing over the warning and relating the sizable
signatures documentation to other languages. A beginner to Perl might
consider that the norm or recommended option (after their nightly beer
erases the whole experimental disclaimer). It seems to me that
Signatures should be towards the end (I mean, do experienced Perl
programmers go to these core documents to discover new features or
hear about them from mailing lists and the like and then look them up
explicitly as I did!?).
As for rumors, this is the first that I've heard of it, but it sounds
like a relatively safe feature to use assuming they haven't overlooked
anything critical in terms of parsing the signature from the language.
And I can't imagine anything that would break it. It's probably safe
assuming you can require such a modern perl.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Display a hash in the order of an array
Vincent:
On Fri, Jul 17, 2015 at 9:11 AM, Vincent Lequertier s...@riseup.net wrote:
Hi,
Hello,
I have the following structure :
$hash{$date} = {
'ip' = $ip,
'action' = $action,
};
witch produce data like :
$VAR1 = '[15/Jul/2015:10:30:03 +0200]';
$VAR2 = {
'ip' = 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx',
'action' = 'GET xxx'
};
and an array of ip addresses, say @ip
My question is how can I display the content of %hash in the
order of @ip, assuming %hash has the same length as @ip ?
Unfortunately this data structure isn't ideal for doing this.
You'll have to search the hash structure for the matching IP
addresses.
You may wish to transform the data structure first (or simply
store it differently in the first place if this is all you need
it for).
If the hash keys were IP addresses then you could simply loop
over the elements of @ip (some would argue arrays and hashes
should have plural names) and use the current IP address to
address the current hash element from '%hash' (note: hash is
usually a poor name for a variable).
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
sub cmp_ip_addresses {
my @parts = map { split /\./, $_ } $a, $b;
for my $i (0..4) {
my $result = $parts[$i] = $parts[$i + 4];
if ($result) {
return $result;
}
}
return 0;
}
# The resulting structure will be inverted so the keys are IPs
# and the values are references to hashes containing a date and
# action (you could go further and store actions by date, or
# dates by action; depends how you want the data shaped).
sub transform_date_logs_to_ip_logs {
my ($logs) = @_;
my %logs;
while(my ($date, $entry) = each(%{$logs})) {
my ($ip, $action) = @{$entry}{qw/ip action/};
push @{$logs{$ip}}, { date = $date, action = $action};
}
return \%logs;
}
my @ip_addresses = qw(
192.168.200.220
1.0.0.127
192.168.90.221
);
my %date_logs = (
'15/Jul/2015:10:30:01 +0200' = {
ip = '1.0.0.127',
action = 'GET http://1.0.0.127/foo',
},
'15/Jul/2015:10:30:04 +0200' = {
ip = '192.168.90.221',
action = 'GET http://192.168.90.221/bar',
},
'15/Jul/2015:10:30:05 +0200' = {
ip = '192.168.200.220',
action = 'GET http://192.168.200.220/baz',
},
'15/Jul/2015:10:30:03 +0200' = {
ip = '1.0.0.127',
action = 'GET http://1.0.0.127/foo/bar',
},
);
my $ip_logs = transform_date_logs_to_ip_logs(\%date_logs);
for my $ip (sort { cmp_ip_addresses() } @ip_addresses) {
my $entries = $ip_logs-{$ip};
for my $entry (@{$entries}) {
my ($date, $action) = @{$entry}{qw/date action/};
print Date: $date, IP Address: $ip, Action: $action\n;
}
}
__END__
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Display a hash in the order of an array
On Fri, Jul 17, 2015 at 10:40 AM, Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com wrote:
for my $i (0..4) {
Errr, 0..3. _
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Use of uninitialized value $j in numeric eq (==) at myfile line 125
On Fri, Jul 3, 2015 at 11:10 AM, Nagy Tamas (TVI-GmbH)
tamas.n...@tvi-gmbh.de wrote:
Hi,
Hello,
My code:
It's evident that this is not actually your code, let alone the full code...
Use strict;
Use warnings;
Those must be 'use', not 'Use'. Obviously you aren't actually using
them or at least this isn't actually the code. :P
my $j = 0;
my $doread = 0;
my ($buf, $data, $n);
$n = read FILE, $data, 1;
$buf = $data;
while($n != 0) {
$doread = 0;
# there has to be a begin tag before the end tag
# so we can check for begin tag first
if($begintagfound == 0) {
If you actually were using warnings and strict you'd be getting an
error here for the undefined variable $begintagfound.
if($buf eq chr hex $xhtmlbegin[$j + 1]) {
$doread = 1;
$j = $j + 1;
} else {
if($j == 0) {... line 125
There are not 125 lines in your entire message.
…
Says use of uninitialized value $j in numeric eq == at line 125
Does anyone has any idea why does it tell $j as uninitialized?
I initialized it at the first line to 0.
We can't have any idea what's wrong because we don't have the actual
code. If you want actual help with the code then paste a full example
that demonstrates the problem. I suspect the issue here is lexical
scope combined with the lack of strict, but it could be any number of
things.
It also appears as though you're trying to write a square HTML parser
of sorts. I'd suggest using one of the CPAN modules that already exist
for this purpose. Don't roll your own unless you really want square
wheels.
Feel welcome to post a real example if you want some real help with
the real warning.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: problem with regex qr operator
Mike:
On Thu, Jun 25, 2015 at 5:42 AM, Mike Martin m...@redtux.org.uk wrote:
Hi
I am currently getting issues with regexes that use the qr operator.
The results with qr are different than without. This is a small sample
program to illustrate it
use strict;
my $str='Database Administrator';
my $pattern=
'(?=^(?:(?!(?:datab|network|system)).)*$).*(?:Adm(?:in(?:i?strat(?:ors?|ion|ive)?)?)?|Clerk\b|Clerical|office)(?:.*?ass.*?|supp|temp|staff|officer?|).*?'
;
my $pattern2=qr/$pattern/;
$str=~/($pattern)/i;
print 'no qr',\t, $1,\n;
$str=~/($pattern2)/i;
print 'with qr',\t, $1,\n;
print 'Pattern without qr',\t,$pattern,\n;
print 'Pattern without qr',\t,$pattern2,\n;
- - - 8 - - - *snip* - - - 8 - - -
The only difference I can see is the addition of a non-capturing group
around the expression (?^:)
Anyone any idea what is happening here
If you check out the documentation on (?adlupimsx-imsx) then you will
know that it allows activating and deactivating modifiers from within
the regex. For example, (?i) is equivalent to /i for the remainder of
the pattern.
A caret after the ? has an implied meaning:
perldoc perlre (Strawberry Perl 5.20.2) said:
Starting in Perl 5.14, a ^ (caret or circumflex accent)
immediately after the ? is a shorthand equivalent to d-imsx.
Flags (except d) may follow the caret to override it. But a minus
sign is not legal with it.
Directly beneath this is the explanation for (?:pattern),
(?adluimsx-imsx:pattern), and (?adluimsx-imsx:pattern). These are for
clustering. They apply the specified modifiers to pattern.
You can look at `perldoc perlre' for the specifics of what this means,
but the '-' means to deactivate and the i means case-insensitive
matching as per usual. I believe this is the problem. If you notice
your usage of qr// above you aren't using the /i modifier with the
qr//. You should be since that is what you meant, and that is where
you meant it. If you do include the /i modifier on the qr// then the
resulting pattern changes thusly:
use strict;
use warnings;
my $pattern = 'foo';
my $regex_with = qr/$pattern/i;
my $regex_without = qr/$pattern/;
print with: , $regex_with, \n;
print without: , $regex_without, \n;
__END__
Output:
with: (?^i:foo)
without (?^:foo)
With the modifier in qr// the i is added back to the pattern. Without
it is left off. The modifiers on the m// won't have any affect to the
enclosed pattern.
An alternative solution is to include the modifier directly in the
regex by prefixing it with (?i). For example, if the patterns are
dynamic (user-supplied).
One can conclude that it works this way so that what you specified in
the qr// is preserved regardless of what m// says (if your qr// is
case-sensitive then so is the pattern embedded into m//, regardless of
what applies to m// as a whole).
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: perl function for byte to MB conversion
Hello,
On Mon, May 25, 2015 at 08:20:08PM +0530, Sunita Pradhan wrote:
I get following error while loading this module :
Can't locate Format/Human/Bytes.pm in @INC (@INC contains:
/usr/software/lib/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi
/usr/software/lib/perl5/5.8.8
/usr/software/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi
/usr/software/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/software/lib/perl5/site_perl .)
at test.pl line 3.BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at test.pl line 3.
You need to download and install CPAN modules that aren't
included with Perl. There are various command-line clients to do
this with varying degrees of automation. I prefer cpanm
(App::cpanminus) for being largely automatic and quiet.
Once cpanm is installed (installation instructions will depend on
your platform) you can install the Format::Human::Bytes module
and all of its dependencies with the following command:
cpanm Format::Human::Bytes
You can also download the module yourself and manually install it
by following its installation instructions (this will require
repeating this process for each unsatisfied recursive dependeny).
That said, from the description of Format::Human::Bytes I'm not
sure that it really solves your problem. It seems to be meant for
friendly display of byte counts. It seems to automatically choose
which unit to display. If that is what you want then it will work
for you, but if you actually wanted something to do unit
conversions then I didn't have much success searching for a
module that contained the logic for that. That doesn't mean one
doesn't exist, but I failed to find it.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: last statement in a package
On Thu, May 21, 2015 at 3:41 AM, Vincent Lequertier s...@riseup.net wrote:
From http://perldoc.perl.org/perlmod.html#Perl-Modules, 1; is used to end
with a true value
There is a bit better explanation here:
http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=781340
In short, `use' is like syntactic sugar around `require' (plus some
stuff), which is like syntactic sugar around `do' (plus some stuff).
require is the one checking the return value of the module code and
raising an exception on falsy values.
perldoc -f use
perldoc -f require
perldoc -f do
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Removing text
On Tue, May 19, 2015 at 1:10 PM, Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com wrote:
1234567890Richard:
Sorry, that should have been just Richard:. I will blame my flaky
browser-based user interface. I should have switched to mutt to write
that.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Removing text
1234567890Richard:
On Mon, May 18, 2015 at 12:27 PM, Richard Taubo o...@bergersen.no wrote:
Hi,
Hello,
The full (bash) script with perl parts looks like this:
[$] top_return=$(top -n1 | head -5)
[$] io_return=$(printf %s\n $top_return | grep ^Cpu(s))
[$] io_all=$(printf %s $io_return | awk '{ printf $9 }' | perl -pe
's/\%st//')
[$] printf %s\n $io_all
Since you're using Perl here I wonder why you're bothering with bash
and shell commands. Since the output of those commands will vary by
system (I can't be sure what you're trying based on my results) it's
impossible for us to debug your problem. However, we can demonstrate a
more straightforward, Perl-only solution using output from our own
system.
use autodie;
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
$Data::Dumper::Useqq = 1;
main();
exit(0);
sub main {
# On my system top outputs control characters for colors and such.
# This is a simple way to convince it to do nothing special.
my $term = $ENV{TERM};
$ENV{TERM} = 'dumb';
my $cpu_stats = parse_cpu_stats();
$ENV{TERM} = $term;
print Dumper $cpu_stats;
}
sub parse_cpu_stats {
# Use a pipe to top(1) to read the output directly.
open my $fh, '-|', qw/top -n1/;
while (my $line = $fh) {
chomp($line);
# Look for the Cpu line.
if ($line =~ /Cpu/) {
return parse_pairs($line);
}
}
}
sub parse_pairs {
my ($line) = @_;
# Results in (0.5, 'us', 0.1, 'sy', 0.0, 'ni', 99.1, 'id',
# 0.3, 'wa', 0.0, 'hi', 0.0, 'si', 0.0, 'st');
my @pairs = $line =~ /([0-9]+\.[0-9]+)\s+(..)/gi;
# Results in (us = 0.5, sy = 0.1 ni = 99.1 id = 0.3,
# hi = 0.0, si = 0.0, st = 0.0)
my %fields = reverse @pairs;
return \%fields;
}
__END__
This was hacked against the Debian Linux top(1) implementation.
Example output is:
%Cpu(s): 0.5 us, 0.1 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.1 id, 0.3 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0
st
Output from the above program is:
$VAR1 = {
wa = 0.3,
hi = 0.0,
ni = 0.0,
st = 0.0,
us = 0.5,
id = 99.1,
si = 0.0,
sy = 0.1
};
I'm not saying this is a better or more robust solution than hacking
it up in bash, but at least by using Perl you have the full power of
Perl without switching between bash, grep, awk, and perl.
The Interwebz suggests that checking /proc would be a better solution,
though that would vary by the *nix system. In general, you should
prefer CPAN modules for this since the solution is flaky, and
hopefully somebody else has already done any heavy lifting and ugly
work for you... I didn't immediately see a module that looked like a
drop-in replacement, but I would be surprised if nothing exists yet.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Inhomogeneous data in a database
Alex:
On Wed, Apr 15, 2015 at 11:27:41PM +0200, Alex Becker wrote:
Hi!
Hello,
Thank you for your feedback. I also asked some colleagues about
it. We agreed that the view approach would be the nice thing.
However, I do not know if I did it the right way / if I
understood t correctly.
Given the table definition from my last mail, I added a view as
follows:
CREATE VIEW v_navigation AS
SELECT content_types.content_type_id as target_type_id,
fancy_scripts.script_id as target_id
FROM content_types
JOIN fancy_scripts ON content_types.ident = script
UNION
SELECT content_types.content_type_id as target_type_id,
html_contents.content_id as target_id
FROM content_types
JOIN html_contents ON content_types.ident = page
A table for the content types was also added. content_types is
a set of: {1,page,2,script}
I think that what Tommi had in mind was something more like this
(excuse the T-SQL, but it's what I'm most familiar with):
navigation
1 1
/\
0|10|1
html_navigation script_navigation
1 1
| |
1 1
html_contents fancy_scripts
CREATE TABLE navigation(
navigation_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
position INT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
link_text VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
);
CREATE TABLE html_navigation(
navigation_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
CONSTRAINT FK_html_navigation_navigation
FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES navigation(navigation_id),
content_id INT NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT FK_html_navigation_html_contents
FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES html_contents(content_id)
);
CREATE TABLE script_navigation(
navigation_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
CONSTRAINT FK_html_navigation_navigation
FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES navigation(navigation_id),
script_id INT NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT FK_html_navigation_fancy_scripts
FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES fancy_scripts(script_id)
);
CREATE TABLE target_type(
target_type_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE
);
CREATE VIEW v_navigation AS
SELECT
a.navigation_id,
a.position,
a.link_text,
/*or use foreign key if you wish*/ content AS target_type,
c.content_id AS target_id
FROM navigation a, target_type b
INNER JOIN html_navigation c
ON a.navigation_id = c.navigation_id
WHERE b.name = 'content'
UNION
SELECT
a.navigation_id,
a.position,
a.link_text,
b.target_type_id AS target_type,
c.script_id AS target_id
FROM navigation a, target_type b
INNER JOIN html_navigation c
ON a.navigation_id = c.navigation_id
WHERE b.name = 'script';
Untested. Meant purely to illustrate the idea. Let me know if you
have any questions.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: Inhomogeneous data in a database
On Thu, Apr 16, 2015 at 10:56:22AM -0400, Brandon McCaig wrote:
/*or use foreign key if you wish*/ content AS target_type,
Doh! That should have been the same as the second part of the
union:
b.target_type_id AS target_type,
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Need Advice on Perl learning
Manpreet Singh:
On Sun, Apr 12, 2015 at 8:05 AM, Manpreet Singh manpreet@gmail.com wrote:
Hello All,
Hello,
Any other skill building advice for a beginner related to Perl is welcome.
You've come to the right place. A great way to learn is to join this
mailing list and try to help out with questions yourself. You'll learn
a lot about Perl by practicing it and this is a good place since
people regularly post programs they're trying to solve. You can also
get feedback from experienced Perl programmers on bad things and good
things in your proposed solutions.
For more advanced topics people have already proposed good directions
to go. We rarely venture into the higher-level Perl here (not that
it's unwelcome either), though there are many other Perl-based mailing
lists to consider that may go into more advanced usage.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: split regex
Danny Wong:
Hello,
On Thu, Mar 19, 2015 at 09:25:02PM +, Danny Wong (dannwong) wrote:
Hi Perl GURU, I have a string like this:
'Baseline: (_bMgvUBQ_EeKsP6DECdq0Lg) 1 Initial Baseline
Initial Baseline of Component NGP-Diagnostics Sivakumar Subas
Oct 12, 2012 12:35:41 AM';
I’m trying to perform a split via \s (spaces) delimiter, but
this give me a partial return of Initial Baseline” (returns
Initial). Is there a regex where I can split using space as the
delimiter, but get all the words inside a quote string?
It seems that you have figured this out by yourself, but a few
tips for future reference:
You may wish to configure your mail user agent (client) to send
plain text E-mails instead of HTML. I believe that many of us
prefer it. You should also learn how to properly send plain text
E-mails and generally proper netiquette for mailing list usage
(it varies list to list, and I don't know that this is a hard
rule here, but IMO it would help).
On that same note, avoid using rich text styling to communicate
ideas because not all readers will be able to see it. It appears
that you tried to color parts of the text in red to emphasis
them. I didn't see this from mutt where I normally read mailing
list posts. I noticed it when I happened to open the same thread
from the Gmail Web interface.
Lastly, if you're having trouble with Perl code it is always a
good idea to post the code you're struggling with. It's a little
bit difficult to understand what you were having trouble with,
but if you had posted code then there would have been several
anxious persons able to spot the problem and rushing to be the
first to reply. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: catching utf8 errors
On Sat, Mar 14, 2015 at 03:20:06AM -0700, Charles DeRykus wrote:
open my $fh, ':encoding ) or die ...
{ open( local *STDERR,'',\my $err);
my $string = $fh;
if ($err =~ /does not map to Unicode/) {
# take action.
}
}
Here is an alternative approach..
use strict;
use warnings;
use Encode qw/decode encode/;
my $file_name = './somefile';
sub create_file {
open my $fh, '', $file_name or die open: $!;
print $fh ABC\n, chr(0x90), \nDEF\n;
close $fh or warn close: $!;
}
sub read_or_die {
my ($fh) = @_;
my $bytes = $fh;
# Emphasis on the Encode::FB_CROAK.
my $string = decode('UTF-8', $bytes, Encode::FB_CROAK());
return $string;
}
sub write_or_die {
my ($fh, $string) = @_;
# Emphasis on the Encode::FB_CROAK.
my $bytes = encode('UTF-8', $string, Encode::FB_CROAK());
print $fh $bytes;
}
create_file();
print STDERR Created file. Attempting to open it...\n;
open my $fh, '', $file_name or die open: $!;
print STDERR Attempting to read it...\n;
eval {
while(my $line = read_or_die($fh)) {
write_or_die(\*STDOUT, $line);
}
};
if ($@) {
print CAUGHT ERROR: $@;
}
close $fh or warn close: $!;
__END__
Output:
Created file. Attempting to open it...
Attempting to read it...
ABC
CAUGHT ERROR: utf8 \x90 does not map to Unicode at
/home/bambams/perl5/perlbrew/perls/stable/lib/5.18.0/x86_64-linux/Encode.pm
line 176, $fh line 2.
It is a bit more painful having to call decode and encode
ourselves, but I couldn't figure out any way to control the CHECK
parameter used by PerlIO. The weird thing is that the
documentation appears to assert that PerlIO is supposed to be
using Encode::FB_CROAK() (1) too, but alas I guess that isn't the
case if it doesn't croak().. That or the PerlIO layers are
catching and handling the error differently...
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Use vs Require with version number
On Wed, Mar 04, 2015 at 06:26:41PM -0800, SSC_perl wrote:
So there's only really a difference for loading modules, not
for setting the minimum version number?
There could be a difference if code with side effects is done
first. By being done at compile-time, Uri means that use is
effectively requiring the module with a BEGIN block. That means
that it will execute before any other code that isn't in a BEGIN
block. That could matter in rare, silly cases. In most cases, it
wouldn't really matter (usually we require modules and assert
versions at the beginning of a program or module before anything
else is actually done).
A silly, contrived program might be:
use strict;
use warnings;
use My::Stuff;
my $stuff = My::Stuff-new();
$stuff-do_consequences();
require v5.018;
$stuff-more_consequences();
__END__
If your entire program requires 5.018 to work properly, but
perhaps My::Stuff::do_consequences will do something *bad* if run
under a previous version of perl then this program would be
*dangerous*. The require() is going to happen at run-time *after*
the do_consequences method is called. If I had used `use' instead
then it would have happened at compile-time, within a BEGIN
block, and do_consequences never would have been called.
Here is that program again using `use' for the version assertion:
use strict;
use warnings;
use My::Stuff;
my $stuff = My::Stuff-new();
$stuff-do_consequences();
use v5.018; ### ***
$stuff-more_consequences();
__END__
This is sort of like:
BEGIN { require strict; }
BEGIN { require warnings; }
BEGIN {
require My::Stuff;
My::Stuff-import();
}
my $stuff = My::Stuff-new();
$stuff-do_consequences();
BEGIN {
require v5.018;
}
$stuff-more_consequences();
__END__
BEGIN blocks are always executed before surrounding code so you
can think of this program as:
require strict;
require warnings;
require My::Stuff;
My::Stuff-import();
require v5.018; ### ***
my $stuff = My::Stuff-new();
$stuff-do_consequences();
$stuff-more_consequences();
__END__
This is an over-simplification. Hell, I probably don't fully
understand the mechanism either, but the idea is that the BEGIN
stuff happens first. Even though within my code I had the
do_consequences method call before the v5.018 assertion the
actual result is that the Perl version is checked first, and if
dissatisfied the program will die() right then and there before
any consequences can be carried out.
I think that generally you should be using `use' unless you have
a specific need to use require directly. `use' will call
require() under the surface when needed so to you it's basically
the same, but it has added benefits that make sense generally. If
you want the action to happen at run-time then require() may be
more appropriate, but those cases should be rare.
Similarly, require is sort of like a wrapper over `do FILENAME'
so there may also be cases where you'd want to use `do' instead,
but most of the time use is more appropriate, and less often
require is more appropriate.
For the detailed explanation take the time to read through the
following:
perldoc perlmod (search for BEGIN)
perldoc -f use
perldoc -f require
perldoc -f do
Then use `use' until you know you need something else. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: CONFIG_FILE
Nicolas:
On Fri, Feb 20, 2015 at 10:29 AM, nicolas nicolas...@mail.com wrote:
package vowCons2;
use strict;
use lib::avt;
my $self = {};
sub new {
my $this = shift;
my ($WORD) = @_;
my $voyConsDef = readConfFile($CONFIG_FILE/vowConsDef);
$self-{'V'} = $$voyConsDef{'V'};
$self-{'C'} = $$voyConsDef{'C'};
I change
my $voyConsDef = readConfFile($CONFIG_FILE/vowConsDef);
to : my $voyConsDef = readConfFile($CONFIG_FILE/vowConsDef);
The double quotes are necessary there because you're interpolating the
values of that variable into the string. Either that or you could
explicitly concatenate them like so:
my $voyConsDef = $CONFIG_FILE . /vowConsDef;
The original form is probably preferred most of the time.
I get this message
Global symbol $CONFIG_FILE requires explicit package name at vowCons2.pm
line 18.
Compilation failed in require at sufpref.pm line 10.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at sufpref.pm line 10.
Compilation failed in require at ./base.pl line 32.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at ./base.pl line 32.
Should I create CONFIG_FILE directory ?
If I recall correctly you said that you are not an experienced
programmer, and I got the impression that this code was not
written by you. If you are the author, or maintainer, then by all
means follow the others' advice to try to fix it.
If you didn't write it, and don't understand it, and just want it
to work then I would try to ask the author/programmer to look at
it. This looks like a clear programming error so there's little a
user can do to make the code work. We don't even know it will
work, or how it's supposed to work. Perhaps the $CONFIG_FILE
variable was supposed to be exported from lib::avt? We don't
know. Declaring it explicitly in vowCons2.pm file might be the
very wrong thing to do...
Let us know your role in this and that will help us to give you
better advice... If there's a programmer that you work with that
is responsible for this then bring him coffee or beer and he'll
gladly fix you up.
Or worst case, if the guy responsible is long gone perhaps you
could attach a zip file or tarball of all of the code that you
have and a kind, bored soul can attempt to make sense of it...
Or somebody might offer their services in private for a fair
rate if needed (I'm not sure how much of that is tolerated on
the list).
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: can locate pm
Nicolas:
On Wed, Feb 18, 2015 at 6:14 PM, nicolas nicolas...@mail.com wrote:
Hello,
Hello,
I used to work with a perl script that contains (use vt.pm).
(vt.pm are code that complement the script) I remember that I
have to copy the vt.pm file in perl somewhere. Since I am not
very familar with programming my question is where to excaclly
copy this *.pm so I can use my script again.
Thanks
Can't locate lib/vt.pm in @INC (you may need to install the lib::vt module)
(@INC contains: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2
/usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5
/usr/lib/perl/5.18 /usr/share/perl/5.18 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .) at
sequence.pm line 8.
Thanks for you help
It sounds like your program is looking for lib::vt. That means
the file should have a relative path of lib/vt.pm, and it should
be located in one of the paths in @INC as listed in the error
output. E.g., /usr/local/lib/site_perl/lib/vt.pm. You should be
able to pick any of those base paths to put the relative path of
lib/vt.pm into.
There may be better places to put it, but if you just want it to
work then that should suffice. Alternatively, you could look into
lib and local::lib to use it to customize the @INC array at
run-time to specify a project-specific path instead.
See also `perldoc perlvar' for @INC, `perldoc lib' for
manipulating @INC at run-time, and search cpan.org or
metacpan.org for local::lib which is a similar idea.
Or just copy the file to one of the paths already listed and get
on with your day. :) Hope that helps. Let us know if it works.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: simple module install via CPAN not working.
Gary;
On Mon, Feb 16, 2015 at 8:45 AM, Gary Stainburn
gary.stainb...@ringways.co.uk wrote:
I'm still looking to get WWW::Mechanize::Firefox installed. It
looks like I've got a more pressing issue. Even simple module
installs aren't working properly. I'm working through the
dependancy list and looking at Test::Tester and
Test::NoWarnings.
Installing Test::Tester worked fine, but when I try to install
Test::NoWarning it fails saying that Test::Tester is missing:
cpan[2] install Test::NoWarnings
*snip*
The cpan(1) client is rather low-level. It's a real pain to use.
I highly recommend you use a more advanced tool that requires a
lot less configuration and user interaction. Personally I use
cpanm(1) (App::cpanminus). It handles fetching, building, and
testing all dependencies without any prompts and hides all of the
ugly output from you by default.
If the build fails, you will still need to sort through the build
output, which will be logged to a file, but if everything works
fine then it saves you a lot of trouble.
If you're using the system perl then you can probably install
cpanm using your distribution package software. I use perlbrew to
install both up-to-date perl and cpanm.
Regards,
--
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Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
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Re: question of what can respond to die [...]
Harry:
On Tue, Jan 27, 2015 at 9:37 AM, Harry Putnam rea...@newsguy.com wrote:
In the following code I hoped to use `use Cwd abs_path;' to not
only produce the absolute path for a named directory but to die if it
could not... thereby getting around having to test the named dir with
-d ... to make sure it was really a directory in the fs.
It does not have that effect when a bogus directory is passed in, and,
in fact, goes on to the chdir to find out its bogus.
Why is that?
--- 8 snip -- 8 snip -- 8snip ---
#!/usr/local/src/test/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Cwd 'abs_path';
my $tdir = shift;
$tdir = abs_path($tdir) or die Can't find $tdir: $!;
chdir $tdir or die Can't chdir $tdir: $!;
print Hello from $tdir\n;
It would not be very pleasant if most things die() on error because
errors are normal and usually we don't want robust programs to crash
when something innocent fails, nor do we want to have to wrap every
error that we can recover from with eval blocks (i.e., similar to
try...catch in other languages) to handle errors.
In general the documentation for a function or module should be
consulted to learn of how it handles errors. Most often die() implies
that something in the program state is invalid and the program cannot
continue. This typically implies an impossible or exceptional
situation. When the simple fact that an operation failed is sufficient
it is often good enough to return an error code (e.g., undef or an
empty list, or perhaps a two-item list with an error as the second
item) and let the caller decide if this is a serious error or not.
Often the $! variable is set to an appropriate error code that is more
descriptive of the error. That works well for many errors.
Often die() is called directly by you. When die() is called (and its
string doesn't end in a newline) it reports the line where it was
called as the source of the error. There is a module, Carp, that is
often used to die() from within modules by pointing at your invocation
of the module (e.g., where you called the module) as the source of the
error instead of the module itself being wrong. Modules will generally
tell you if they die() or use Carp, and often that behavior can be
toggled on or off with flags. There is also an 'autodie' pragma that
allows many system functions to die() automatically. chdir() is
supported by it if you're interested in that.
I do not believe that the intent of abs_path() is to tell you whether
that path exists. It is merely there to resolve a relative path into
an absolute path. You might do so in order to create a new file with
that path, and then tell the user what that full path is so there is
no ambiguity. If it were to die() when that path didn't exist it would
be impossible to resolve non-existent paths, which would limit the
function's usefulness.
I hope that helps.
Regards,
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Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
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Re: Looping regexes against a list
On Tue, Jan 20, 2015 at 10:21 AM, Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com wrote:
perldoc -f qr//
I was sure that worked in my up-to-date perlbrew environments, but it
isn't working in Cygwin running perl 5.14.2 so in the event that it
doesn't work for you look at `perldoc -f qr' and `perldoc perlop'
(then search for qr/STRING or something to that effect).
Regards,
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Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
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Re: Looping regexes against a list
On Tue, Jan 20, 2015 at 9:51 AM, Andrew Solomon and...@geekuni.com wrote:
Aside from this lengthy rant^H^H^H^H discussion:) about where you put
your regex, have you made any progress on the performance problem you
put forward at the outset?
I'm not quite sure that I understand what the OP is doing still, but a
relatively simple thing to do to improve performance if he's not doing
it yet might be to compile the regular expressions ahead of time
(assuming they are loaded from text streams into strings and reused
over and over again): perldoc -f qr//.
If the hash is currently storing them as strings they will probably
end up getting compiled over and over again, whereas if they are
compiled beforehand that should speed things up a little bit. It might
not be enough to improve performance completely, but it's certainly
easy enough to do to be worth trying before approaching more in-depth
refactoring.
Beyond that, I'd look into alternative ways to structure the data for
more efficient processing. Look at the look ups that need to be done
and try to think of efficient ways to structure the data so they
aren't needed. Alternatively, the OP could post a more complete
program that we can play with...
I wonder about the no warnings 'uninitialized' too. Why is that
needed? I wonder if checking that things are defined first would be
more efficient than attempting an operation on undef and maybe going
through overhead to trigger and silence warnings about it or what not.
I could see it being negligible, but I could see the opposite being
true as well. You could probably even exclude those elements when
loading the hashes so you never need to skip them later on. Just
another simple thing to consider.
Other than the regular expression's being text I think the only other
solution is restructuring the program... You can look into using
Benchmark.pm to compare the performance of different approaches.
Regards,
--
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Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
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Re: should this old forumulation still work?
Andy:
On Tue, Jan 20, 2015 at 05:56:26PM -0600, Andy Bach wrote:
my $contents = do { local $/; map { chomp } HANDLE };
sorry, untested.
chomp() returns a number representing the number of removed
characters unfortunately. Your block would need to return $_
separately. (I find this rather annoying, but surely a CPAN
module has fixed this with an altenative that returns the
string...)
my $contents = do { local $/; map { chomp;$_ } $fh };
* * *
Uri Guttman, the author of File::Slurp, insists that it performs
much better than the standard Perl solution of setting $/ to
undef. I don't have benchmarks to prove it, but I'm willing to
trust his expertise on this. I imagine if you inspect the code or
distribution you'll be able to make an educated decision for
yourself. I've never cared to.
At the very least, I'm sure it doesn't hurt, and it allows you to
replace a rather cryptic syntax (albeit, one that any Perl
programmer should understand) with something a bit more readable.
Consider using File::Slurp despite being able to code it up
yourself in pure Perl. If you're OK with getting the results as a
LIST then File::Slurp even supports a chomp option. Otherwise, I
suppose there's always s///, though I can't specdulate on the
performance of such an operation. For a file like .bashrc I'm
sure any of these differences are negligible. I might prefer
File::Slurp with the chomp option and joining the lines
afterward though.
I suppose there's always Benchmark.pm to give you a hint about
what works better if it matters.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Looping regexes against a list
Mike:
On Mon, Jan 19, 2015 at 01:25:56PM +, Mike Martin wrote:
Hi
Hello,
I am looking for the most performant way to achieve this
I have a big list of text (47+ lines in a hash) I then run
a hash ref consisting of replacement text - pattern to search -
optional 3rd param for grouping matches
So I loop through the text and then loop the regex hash against
each record
This works but takes about 20 minutes
Any suggestions
It might help to post some actual code. I wonder how those 500k
lines are getting loaded into the first hash in the first place,
what keys are being used, and then how the second hash is related
to it. This sounds a bit like an XY problem[1], but you'll likely
want to solve the problem with a more ideal algorithm and that
might require a more ideal data structure. Not that I'm any
authority on this problem. :\
[1] http://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/66377/what-is-the-xy-problem
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Parsing multi column files
Mike:
On Sun, Jan 18, 2015 at 07:00:05PM -0500, Mike wrote:
So I've got a text file in a multi column format (three
columns), each column is separated by a single space. Here is a
snippet for reference:
artless base-court apple-john
bawdy bat-fowling baggage
beslubbering beef-witted barnacle
I want to be able to randomly select a word from the first
column, then from the second column, then from the third
column, and concatenate them to together into a single string.
Here's the code I currently have, but I'm stuck:
First a little code review.
Be sure to always use strict and warnings to help identify bugs.
Add this to the top of your programs.
use strict;
use warnings;
Perhaps you're already using it. At the very least, your snippet
is strict and warnings approved. :) That said, it is best to
include a full example of what you'e trying, including pragmas.
It saves us the trouble of emphasizing best practices that you're
already following and omitting them might also alter the behavior
of code and confuse us and you. So hopefully you're already using
strict and warnings, but next time include them in your post too!
:)
sub gen_ins {
open(FH, '', 'insults2.txt') or die [-] ERROR: Can't find
insult list.;
It is better to use lexical file handles.
open(my $fh, '', 'insults2.txt') or
die [-] ERROR: Can't find insult list.;
Good job using 3-arg open and handling failure. Often you should
include the output of $! in your error message because it will
contain information about what exactly went wrong. For example,
perhaps insults2.txt exists, but the user doesn't have the
necessary permissions to read it. Take that into account also
when you're writing your error messages to avoid confusing the
user (which may be yourself).
open(my $fh, '', 'insults2.txt') or
die [-] ERROR opening insults list: $!;
my @cols = split ( , FH);
print $cols[0];
close FH;
}
gen_ins();
When currently run, gen_ins() will print out the first word of
the given column: $cols[0], $cols[1], or $cols[2]. How can I
access the rest of the words below the first?
Others have demonstrated good solutions to this problem already.
Here's an alternative take emphasizing modularity and reuse.
use strict;
use warnings;
use Readonly;
exit(main(@ARGV));
sub main {
Readonly::Scalar my $Filename = 'insults2.txt';
my ($max) = (@_, 1);
my $insults = load_insults($Filename);
for (1..$max) {
my @chain = random_insult_chain($insults);
local $, = ' ';
print @chain, \n;
}
return 0;
}
sub get_random_index($) {
my ($length) = @_;
# Note: rand() is not meant to be particular good at picking
# randomly. Look to CPAN for alternative options if you need
# something *good*.
return int rand $length;
}
sub load_insults {
my ($filename) = @_;
open my $fh, '', $filename or die open $filename: $!;
my @insults;
# Load the insults into an array of arrays.
while ($fh) {
my ($first, $second, $third) = split;
push @{$insults[0]}, $first;
push @{$insults[1]}, $second;
push @{$insults[2]}, $third;
}
close $fh or warn close $filename: $!;
return \@insults;
}
sub random_insult_chain {
my ($insults) = @_;
my @words = map random_insult_word($_), @$insults;
return @words;
}
sub random_insult_word {
my ($insult_column) = @_;
my $i = get_random_index @$insult_column;
my $word = $insult_column-[$i];
return $word;
}
__END__
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Parsing multi column files
On Sun, Jan 18, 2015 at 07:24:21PM -0500, Shawn H Corey wrote:
You would need an array for each column:
my $MAX = 10;
my @first = ();
my @second = ();
my @third = ();
sub get_columns {
my $file = shift @_;
open my $fh, '', $file or die could not open $file: $!\n;
while( $fh ){
my @items = split;
push @first, $items[0];
push @second, $items[0];
push @third, $items[0];
Minor typo there. I believe that Shawn meant:
push @first, $items[0];
push @second, $items[1];
push @third, $items[2];
Alternatively, eliminate the @items array entirely and assign to
a list of 3 lexical variables. For example:
my ($first, $second, $third) = split;
push @first, $first;
push @second, $second;
push @third, $third;
}
close $fh or die could not close $file: $!\n;
}
get_columns( 'insults2.txt' );
for ( 1 .. $MAX ){
my @line = (
@first[rand(@first)],
@second[rand(@second)],
@third[rand(@third)],
);
print @line\n;
}
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Parsing multi column files
On Sun, Jan 18, 2015 at 07:24:21PM -0500, Shawn H Corey wrote:
my @line = (
@first[rand(@first)],
@second[rand(@second)],
@third[rand(@third)],
);
Sorry to beat on you, Shawn, but I missed this the first time
around. Those should probably be:
my @line = (
$first[rand @first)],
$second[rand @second)],
$third[rand @third)]]
);
The use of the @ sigil for dereferencing an array is meant to
grab a slice of the array, not a single element. The warnings
pragma will warn you about this:
perl -Mwarnings -e 'my @x = (1..10); print @x[4], \n;' said:
Scalar value @x[4] better written as $x[4] at -e line 1.
5
And with that, it should be emphasized to always use the strict
and warnings pragmas. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: How does opendir/readdir process files
On Thu, Jan 15, 2015 at 05:27:03PM -0500, Harry Putnam wrote:
Now I really have to ask what that even means.
When Brandan said that to me... other than the RTFM it sailed
right over my head... so what does tl;dr mean?
http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=tl%3Bdr
Regards,
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Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: How does opendir/readdir process files
Charles:
On Fri, Jan 09, 2015 at 11:02:28AM -0800, Charles DeRykus wrote:
Definitely needs a 'use 5.014' if you want to dabble.
You appear to be correct. Hmmm, I didn't figure that from the
documentation. Either I read it wrong or it's not documented
well.
Apparently undocumented that you don't need a reference either since
while(($key,$value) = each @array works as well as 'each \@array'.
I think the normal and original behavior is no reference. I think
they added the reference in 5.14 too. Perhaps the documentation
just fails to mention that support for arrays was added in 5.14
along with references? Hopefully I got that right this time. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: How does opendir/readdir process files
as a block
which against aliases $_ to the elements of the list. Again we
have list context and it also takes the filtered list that grep
returned. While grep is used to filter the list, map is used to
transform it. Another way to say it would be:
sub my_filter {
my $is_dot_file = $_ =~ /^\./;
my $is_reg_file = -f $dir/$_;
return ! $is_dot_file $is_reg_file;
}
sub my_mapper {
my @stats = stat($dir/$_);
my $mtime = $stats[9];
my $tuple = [$_, $mtime];
return $tuple;
}
my @files = readdir($dh);
my @reg_files = grep \my_filter, @files;
map(\my_mapper, @reg_files);
The code block passed to map is returning a tuple (a pair),
represented with an anonymous array, containing the name of the
file in its first element and its last modified timestamp (mtime)
in the its second element. A reference to the array representing
the tuple for each regular file is returned for each element in
the list. A list of these tuples or array references is what map
returns.
sort { $a cmp $b }
Next up we have sort(). Just like grep and map it is being called
without parenthesis, is accepting code as a block, and is
accepting the list of previously filtered and mapped files to
work on. Sort uses the code block to compare two elements within
the list at a time. It does this to determine the order in which
they should be sorted. The elements are aliased to $a and $b
within the block (so you should never use those names in your own
code).
If the block returns a negative number then it indicates that $a
comes before $b. If the block returns a positive number then it
indicates that $a comes after $b (in other words, $b comes before
$a). If it returns zero then it indicates that $a and $b are
considered equal for the purposes of the sort. Two core operators
that do this are = and cmp. = works with numbers and cmp
works with strings. So this sort is sorting stringwise in
ascending order (strings that are considered less come before
strings that are considered more). A stringwise sort is
typically based on a position comparison between the character
ordinals in the string.
That leaves us with this:
sub my_filter {
my $is_dot_file = $_ =~ /^\./;
my $is_reg_file = -f $dir/$_;
return ! $is_dot_file $is_reg_file;
}
sub my_mapper {
my @stats = stat($dir/$_);
my $mtime = $stats[9];
my $tuple = [$_, $mtime];
return $tuple;
}
sub compare_files {
return $a = $b;
}
my @files = readdir($dh);
my @reg_files = grep \my_filter, @files;
my @file_tuples = map(\my_mapper, @reg_files);
sort \compare_files, @file_tuples;
That won't quite work as we intended because we'd be comparing
the array references of our tuples. Dermot probably meant to
compare the mtime within the tuples. We can fix that easily
enough:
sub compare_mtimes {
my $lhs = $a-[1];
my $rhs = $b-[1];
return $lhs = $rhs;
}
sort \compare_mtimes, @file_tuples;
Finally we have:
my @files = map { $_-[0] }
Here we have another invocation of map() which again is getting
the results from the previous function call chain of grep, map,
and sort. We've already gone over what map does so we should be
able to figure out what this is doing already. Taking our sorted
list of regular file tuples and mapping them back to a list of
file names.
sub my_filter {
my $is_dot_file = $_ =~ /^\./;
my $is_reg_file = -f $dir/$_;
return ! $is_dot_file $is_reg_file;
}
sub my_mapper {
my @stats = stat($dir/$_);
my $mtime = $stats[9];
my $tuple = [$_, $mtime];
return $tuple;
}
sub compare_mtimes {
my $lhs = $a-[1];
my $rhs = $b-[1];
return $lhs = $rhs;
}
sub extract_filename {
my $filename = $_-[0];
return $filename;
}
my @files = readdir($dh);
my @reg_files = grep \my_filter, @files;
my @file_tuples = map(\my_mapper, @reg_files);
my @sorted_tuples = sort \compare_mtimes, @file_tuples;
my @sorted_files = map \extract_filenames, @sorted_tuples;
And there you have it. A very verbose way to write this:
my @files = map $_-[0],
sort { $a-[1] = $b-[1] }
map [$_, (stat($dir/$_))[9]],
grep !/^\./ -f $dir/$_,
readdir($dh);
Or put another way, this is a very terse way to write that.
I hope this wall of text helps. For the most part, you just need
to spend some quality time with The Revelant Manuals (TFM).
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: How does opendir/readdir process files
On Tue, Jan 13, 2015 at 10:40:46PM -0500, Brandon McCaig wrote:
to spend some quality time with The Revelant Manuals (TFM).
I cite this as proof that I am TFT (too fucking tired). I'm not
going to confess how proud I was of this word play before I
realized that it was completely nonsensical.
-to spend some quality time with The Revelant Manuals (TFM).
+to spend some quality time with The Functional Manuals (TFM).
Sort of kind of salvaged the situation, but maybe not. I should
go sleep. Sorry.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: How does opendir/readdir process files
Charles:
On Fri, Jan 9, 2015 at 12:46 PM, Charles DeRykus dery...@gmail.com wrote:
On Fri, Jan 9, 2015 at 3:39 AM, Dermot paik...@gmail.com wrote:
I think John has answered your immediate question.
...
for (0..$#files) {
print $_) $files[$_]\n;
}
Alternatively (at least since 5.14) :
say $k) $v while ($k,$v) = each @files;
perldoc -f each said:
*snip*
When called in list context, returns a 2-element list
consisting of the key and value for the next element of a hash,
or the index and value for the next element of an array, so
that you can iterate over it.
*snip*
Starting with Perl 5.14, each can take a scalar EXPR, which
must hold reference to an unblessed hash or array. The
argument will be dereferenced automatically. This aspect of
each is considered highly experimental. The exact behaviour
may change in a future version of Perl.
while (($key,$value) = each $hashref) { ... }
See also keys, values, and sort.
Your usage should not depend on 5.14.
Starting with 5.14, the EXPR passed to each() can be a reference to an
array or hash instead of the data structure themselves, which will be
automatically dereferenced. I believe that is the only bit of the
functionality that is dependent on Perl 5.14 (and as of 5.14, the
automatic dereference was considered experimental; my Cygwin
environment is still back on 5.14..).
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Get return value when running cmd like this
Harry:
On Mon, Jan 05, 2015 at 06:20:06PM -0500, Harry Putnam wrote:
When running shell commands from perl script with an open() instead of
system() or exec how is the return value snagged.
I guess, if it doesn't die, it worked but how to snag that information
and at what point?
--- 8 snip -- 8 snip -- 8snip ---
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $log = '/home/harry/some.log';
my $cmd = 'rsnapshot -c rsnap_Home.conf hourly';
open my $fh, '', $log or die
Can't open $log: $!;
open my $ch, '-|', $cmd or die
Can't run $cmd: $!;
while ($ch) {
print;
print $fh;
}
close $fh;
close $ch;
__END__
You can check the exit status of a pipe after closing it. You
should also be checking the return value of the close because it
might indicate a problem closing the pipe which might affect the
exit status, for example.
perldoc -f close
If the filehandle came from a piped open, close returns false
if one of the other syscalls involved fails or if its program
exits with non-zero status. If the only problem was that the
program exited non-zero, $! will be set to 0. Closing a pipe
also waits for the process executing on the pipe to exit--in
case you wish to look at the output of the pipe afterwards--and
implicitly puts the exit status value of that command into $?
and ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}.
So for example...
unless (close $pipe) {
my ($errno, $child_error) = ($!, $?);
if ($errno == 0) {
# Closing the pipe succeeded, but the exit status was
# non-zero.
my $signal = $child_error 127;
my $status = $child_error 8;
handle_pipe_exit($signal, $status);
} else {
# One or more system calls failed when attempting to
# close the pipe. $! should be set appropriately. I don't
# know if you can rely on the process having exited/died
# or on the exit status being set.
handle_pipe_exit_error($errno);
}
};
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: say,
On Mon, Jan 05, 2015 at 02:25:15PM +0100, Hans Ginzel wrote:
Hello!
Hello,
Is correct that say() uses n? Why it does not use $\
(http://perldoc.perl.org/perlvar.htm#$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR)?
See http://perldoc.perl.org/functions/say.html. Consider Perl6::Say -
http://rpm.pbone.net/index.php3/stat/45/idpl/1146707/numer/3/nazwa/Perl6::Say#lbAE.
What about say() on Mac or Windows?
According to perldoc -f say:
Just like print, but implicitly appends a newline. say LIST
is simply an abbreviation for { local $\ = \n; print LIST
}.
print() already uses $\ so if that's all say() did it would have
no effect. Instead, say() temporarily sets $\ to \n before
printing so that the record ends with a newline.
If you want to use $\ instead of \n then you can just use print
normally.
use strict;
use warnings;
$\ = ---;
print for qw/foo bar baz/;
__END__
Output:
foo---bar---baz---
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: say,
Andy:
On Mon, Jan 05, 2015 at 01:22:34PM -0600, Andy Bach wrote:
And Perl should be noting which OS you're on and 'tranlating' \n into the
appropriate sequence. Though I get the same output for:
$ perl -e '{ local $\ = \n; print hi }' | perl -ne print( ord($_),
qq{ }) foreach split(//)
104 105 10
on, Mac, windows and Linux.
I think in most programming languages the \n escape sequence
typically becomes a literal LF character in memory. It is only
when you write to a text file stream that it gets translated (if
then). Obviously for UNIXes (e.g., GNU+Linux, BSDs, MAC OS X)
there is no translation since the newline character in UNIX is
LF.
In Windows, it would turn LF into CRLF on the way out, but only
for text streams. If you write with binmode set then it should be
literal again. You can still end up with CRLF in memory in
Windows if you read from a binary stream, which I think includes
non-native encoded streams (e.g., UTF-8 via IO layer).
I think, but I'm not sure, that a plain text stream in Windows
would convert CRLF to LF when reading too, but I don't have a
Windows machine to test on right now (that feels good). If so
that would explain why you get the same output on each platform.
In Windows the first perl writes h i CR LF to the pipe and the
second perl reads it back into memory as h i LF. I'm not even
sure if that's something that perl does or something that the C
runtime or OS is doing for us. In Windows you should be able to
experiment with tee(1) in the middle and/or binmode on either or
both ends of the pipe anyway.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: IO::Socket
Mike:
On Mon, Dec 29, 2014 at 10:23:00AM -0600, Mike wrote:
Can anyone point me in the direction of more thorough
documentation for the IO::Socket module? Seems like the
documentation on perl.org is pretty limited. At least, it
doesn't feel very thorough to me.
http://perldoc.perl.org/IO/Socket.html
For example, what exactly does timeout affect?
This documentation also doesn't explain what values the methods
accept or how to use them.
I believe that IO::Socket is intended to be a Perl OO wrapper
around the raw UNIX socket concept (and WinSock's concept of an
Internet socket copied from Berkeley's implementation) and its
raw Perl wrapper (e.g., Socket.pm). I guess the documentation
relies on knowledge of this underlying API and/or reference to
its documentation.
There appears to be a send timeout and a receive timeout
option for UNIX sockets, though the documentation says that not
all implementations support it. Since Perl's OO wrapper only
seems to have one I can only assume that the timeout applies to
both read and write operations on the socket. At least shy of
accessing the source code to see for myself.
...read read read...
It appears that IO::Socket's timeout is unrelated to the
afforementioned send and receive timeout options (though those
could potentially still be accessed using the raw
/(get|set)sockopt/ functions)..
The IO::Socket source appears to construct an IO::Select object
with the timeout value and then waits until you can either read
or write, depending on what's applicable, or the timeout is
elapsed. This appeared to only affect connect() and accept()
methods. Though the documentation cited this by saying that it's
horribly inefficient to do this since the IO::Select object is
constructed just for this one purpose and that using select() or
non-blocking IO is preferred.
Truly understanding the implenetation details may require dipping
into IO::Select's source too and following it all back to C. I
can't be bothered. I think that to understand what's going on
here you need experience programming raw sockets in C.
While raw socket access is a useful skill (mostly for a C
programmer), I think that older and wiser Perl hackers would
encourage the use of higher-level, event-based wrappers for
networking in Perl to save yourself the trouble of reinventing
the square wheel. YMMV. Raw socket access or experience shouldn't
really be necessary if using one of the higher-level wrappers so
you can spare yourself the nightmares if all you need is
networking. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Script for auto conf
On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 12:47:13AM -0300, Alan Glait wrote:
Hi !
Hello,
I have the Idea to make a perl script (better than in bash) to make some
configuration on linux.
I think to have some files like param.txt with some lines like:
param_one = ZZZ XX VV
param_two = Z
param_three = X
so need to check if param_one is in some_file.conf and if it is there test
the value .. if it is not .. add to some_file.conf ... I think it should be
easy ... right ??
There are many ways to accomplish this, and Perl is known for its
TIMTOWTDI (There is more than one way to do it).
We could propose solutions for you, but it isn't our job to write
your code for you for free. If you have tried to come up with a
solution to this yourself and are having trouble getting it to
work then post the code that you've tried and we can help you to
get it working.
Perl is a perfectly valid choice for this project. It supports
many good existing technologies that can accomplish this well.
Only you know what it is that you're trying to do so go ahead and
try to do it. You will learn best by trying and you'll get a lot
more help from us by showing us something.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Anonymous functions and safe compartments
David:
On Sun, Dec 28, 2014 at 07:35:14PM +0100, David Emanuel da Costa Santiago wrote:
Hello!
Hello,
How do i run and pass arguments to an anonymous subroutine that i shared
on a safe compartment?
My goal is to have a function that perform dangerous operations, that
must be available to untrusted code, however this function needs some
parameters that are only available when the code is executing, and the
untrusted code doesn't know them (hence the anonymous subroutine).
Example (35 lines):
### Example.pl file
use strict;
use warnings;
use Safe;
use 5.020;
my $UNTRUSTED_SCRIPT=untrusted_script.pl;
sub run_me{
my $sandbox = Safe-new(Sandbox);
$sandbox-permit(qw(:base_core :base_loop :base_mem :base_io :load
:base_orig));
$sandbox-deny(qw(die exit));
my $operation = Dangerous;
my $anon_func = sub{
my $param = shift;
print $operation $param operation!\n;
};
$sandbox-share($anon_func);
$sandbox-rdo($UNTRUSTED_SCRIPT);
$sandbox-reval('func1()');
}
run_me();
### untrusted_script.pl
use 5.020;
use warnings;
use utf8;
sub func1{
say About to run shared function!;
$anon_func-(func1);
}
##
The output of the Example.pl script is:
Error while executing the sandbox: Global symbol $anon_func requires
explicit package name at untrusted_script.pl line 5.
I was expecting of the output of the Example.pl script to be
Dangerous func1 operation!. What am i doing wrong?
I am not familiar with Safe.pm so I don't know anything about
that, but $anon_func is a lexically scoped variable in
Example.pl. That variable is not available within the
untrusted_script.pl file. I also don't see a subroutine or
anything at all named func1 defined so I can't imagine how
$sandbox-reval('func1()') is supposed to work.
I think that the first part that you're having trouble with is
sharing data (or code) with the compartment. I think that if
you want for $anon_func to be available to the Safe compartment,
and therefore the untrusted_script.pl when executed with the Safe
compartment, you need to pass the name of the anonymous function
variable instead of the variable itself.
$sandbox-share('$anon_func');
It also appears that you cannot share lexical variables with
these compartments (see perldoc Safe) so you need to make
$anon_func a package variable (or copy it to one). A named
function would work too. So either:
our $anon_func = sub { ... };
...
$sandbox-share('$anon_func');
Or else:
sub shared_func = sub { ... };
...
$sandbox-share('shared_func');
A bareword passed to Safe::share is apparently assumed to be a
named function too. You can also use Safe::share_from to share a
subroutine from a different package than the caller.
I worked out a little contrived example to figure this out
myself:
./program:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Safe;
my $sandbox = Safe-new();
$sandbox-permit(qw/print/);
# Shared variables cannot be lexicals!
our $get_id = do {
my $id = 0;
sub {
my ($base) = @_;
my $result = ${base}${id};
++$id;
return $result;
};
};
$sandbox-share('$get_id');
$sandbox-rdo('unsafe') or die $!;
__END__
./unsafe:
my $id = $get_id-(foo_);
print Unsafe script got id $id!\n;
__END__
Output should be:
$ ./program
Unsafe script got id foo_0!
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Anonymous functions and safe compartments
A few corrections on my part...
On Sun, Dec 28, 2014 at 04:35:49PM -0500, Brandon McCaig wrote:
sub func1{
say About to run shared function!;
$anon_func-(func1);
}
Oh, duh, there is func1 right there. :\ OK, that part makes
sense. :)
Or else:
sub shared_func = sub { ... };
That obviously should have been:
sub shared_func { ... }
I should have had coffee (or beer) before posting.
It looks like David figured it out anyway.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: parsing string output that isn't CSV, but similar; what module would parse these kind of key-value pairs?
On Tue, Dec 16, 2014 at 4:29 PM, Kenneth Wolcott
kennethwolc...@gmail.com wrote:
Well, I had to look at
http://perldoc.perl.org/perlrequick.html#Extracting-matches to find
out how much I had forgotten about extracting matches from a regex :-)
This might be inefficient, but it seems to work:
$shared_folder =~ m|\'([-A-Za-z/_]+)\'.+'([-A-Za-z/_]+)\'|;
print $2 . \n;
Would be good to come up with something better, hopefully...
In general, parsing with regex is difficult. It depends on how complex
the data is. If no single-quotes can appear inside of those values
then it should suffice to match on single quotes globally. Note that
the m// operator returns a list of matches in list context. Instead of
doing what you did above, you can try something like this:
my @shared_folders = $example_string =~ /'([^']*)'/g;
(Untested)
See documentation on m// and /g.
If you want something to actually do parsing I have heard that
Text::Balanced https://metacpan.org/search?q=Text::Balanced is a
good direction to go, but I can't say for sure whether it will solve
this problem more precisely.
Hope that helps.
Regards,
--
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Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Can't find EOCD signature Archive::Zip
Mike:
On Thu, Dec 4, 2014 at 7:15 AM, Mike Flannigan mikef...@att.net wrote:
This is a very old problem that apparently still
persists. Some or all gzip files created on
Unix can't be unzipped by Archive::Zip (1.38).
There are tons of old posts from 2005 that mention
this problem, but apparently it is not an easy
fix. Here is one link:
http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=445999
The gzip files open fine on my win7 machine when I
double click them (probably uses Winzip), but
Archive::Zip cannot open them.
Does this happen for all people on all OS, or does
it work for some people and some situations?
I think that you are just confused about gzip vs zip. These are
not the same format at all, and are not compatible. See
http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Gzip and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_(file_format). I think that they use
the same compression method internally, but the structure of the files
is different. WinZip is just capable of opening different types of
archive files (it isn't limited to zip files). BTW, 7-Zip is a free,
libre, open source alternative for Windows that can also open up most
kinds of archive (I believe it is also available for *nixes, but there
are other free software tools on those platforms already).
I am unfamiliar with Archive::Zip, but I'm guessing that it is
designed to only work with .zip files. In order to open a gzip file
(typically suffixed .gz) you will need a different module. Your
perlmonks link suggests Archive::Tar. That said, tar is yet another
file format used to create a single-file archive of a set of many
files. The gzip format itself can only compress a single file. It
cannot acrhive many files into a single file so tar and gzip are
combined. The zip format by comparison does the archiving and
compression in one format.
Tar archives, typically called tarballs, are usually combined with a
compression mechanism to produce a compressed tarball. Modern tar
utilities usually have support built in to invoke appropriate
compression tools (gzip, bzip2, and xz are common compression methods
in *nix). See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_(computing). Note that
the gzip format is only used to compress a single file. If the
contents of your gzipped file represents many files then it likely is
a tarball (.tar) wrapped in gzip (.gz). These files are often suffixed
with .tar.gz or .tgz, but that isn't necessary.
If the file that you are trying to decompress is not actually a
tarball then perhaps you will want to use a module that isn't meant
for tarballs, and is used only to decompress the gzip format. I'm not
sure which one will suit you best, but a good starting point would be
searching metacpan.org for gzip: https://metacpan.org/search?q=gzip.
There appears to be several modules that support the format (which
isn't surprising since gzip is originally a Unix-ism as is Perl).
There is also an Archive::Any that claims to work as a magical
dispatcher to automatically do the right thing for supported formats.
You could try that, though again I don't know if it would support raw
gzip files that don't contain tarballs.
If you still need help let us know what you're trying to do and we'll
do our best to guide you to a solution.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Unable to install Net::IP
On Tue, Dec 2, 2014 at 5:17 PM, z...@psoftulsa.com wrote:
Hi,
Hello,
I'm unable to find information on this issue. Whenever I try to install
Net::IP (to do a simple DHCP configuration file that will make IP address
reservations DNS files that will do forward and reverse lookups) it gives me
the following results:
root@SERVER:~# cpan -i Net::IP
Reading '/root/.cpan/Metadata'
Database was generated on Tue, 02 Dec 2014 10:53:28 GMT
Running install for module 'Net::IP'
Running make for M/MA/MANU/Net-IP-1.26.tar.gz
Checksum for /root/.cpan/sources/authors/id/M/MA/MANU/Net-IP-1.26.tar.gz ok
CPAN.pm: Building M/MA/MANU/Net-IP-1.26.tar.gz
Checking if your kit is complete...
Looks good
Writing Makefile for Net::IP
Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json
MANU/Net-IP-1.26.tar.gz
make -- NOT OK
Running make test
Can't test without successful make
Running make install
Make had returned bad status, install seems impossible
*snip*
Perl 5.18:
root@SERVER:~# perl -v
This is perl 5, version 18, subversion 2 (v5.18.2) built for
x86_64-linux-gnu-thread-multi
(with 41 registered patches, see perl -V for more detail)
*snip*
It has been a while since I invoked cpan(1) directly. I recommend you
upgrade to cpanm if you can. Regardless, there should be a build log
somewhere (try searching ~/.cpan) that will contain the errors
encountered while trying to `make'. Worst case, download the module
yourself (I think cpan(1) can help with this if you ask it politely),
extract its contents, and attempt to build yourself. One you know what
errors you are getting that will help to hint to the ultimate problem.
If you still need help post up the build output (or wait for somebody
that knows here to find it for cpan(1)).
I'm running always as root for everything. It makes my server management
much easier by saving me from typing sudo for everything I do.
That's not a very good idea. Of course, having global sudo access
isn't ideal either (Ubuntu is silly in that regard). Look into
perlbrew to install a localized perl installation that you can manage
yourself without root privileges. Running always as root (or sudo'ing
without due care) is asking for trouble. Typically the system perl
(e.g., /usr) is asking for trouble or at least pains too simply
because you either need root (see above) or need to do magic to not
need to, and typically it is out-of-date (though Ubuntu may keep it
more up-to-date than other distros, I believe that is still several
releases back).
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: why is if (! @ARGV) skipped
On Fri, Nov 28, 2014 at 9:40 AM, Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com wrote:
# Protip: I'm not sure which is better, interpolating $status
# into the format string, or passing it as an argument. I'm
# sure it's negligible in this case.
printf %-60s $status\n, $abs_path;
I lied. To be safe $status should absolutely be a parameter just in
case it contains patterns that look like format string placeholders.
printf %-60s %s\n, $abs_path, $status;
Regards,
--
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Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: why is if (! @ARGV) skipped
) = @_;
# Protip: I'm not sure which is better, interpolating $status
# into the format string, or passing it as an argument. I'm
# sure it's negligible in this case.
printf %-60s $status\n, $abs_path;
}
sub unlink_file {
my ($abs_path) = @_;
unlink $abs_path or die unlink $abs_path: $!;
report($abs_path, 'unlinked');
}
sub wanted {
return unless -f;
my $abs_path = $File::Find::name;
my $filename = $_;
unless(is_editor_garbage($filename)) {
return;
}
unless($force || confirm_unlink($abs_path)) {
report($abs_path, 'skipped');
return;
}
unlink_file($abs_path);
}
}
}
}, @trgs
);
I'd like to see white-space here. White-space is practially free
and spares your eyes and brain a lot of unneeded strain trying to
figure out where one idea ends and another begins. Use lots of
white-space.
sub usage{
print
Purpose: Recurse thru list of directories and search out all editor leavings
(some~ .some.swp some.bak etc), but also includes things like #some# or the
like.
Usage:`$myscript dir1 dir2 ... dirN'
;
Consider using a HEREDOC in this case. I might also recommend the
use of printf in a large block of text with a single hidden
variable in it because it's easy to miss.
printf EOF, $myscript;
Purpose: Recursve through list of directories and search out all editor leavings
(some~ .some.swp some.bak etc.), but also includes things like #some# or the
like.
Usage: %s dir1 dir2 ... dirN
EOF
(Untested)
}
Hope that helps.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: copy unicode (UCS-2) file
Hans:
On Wed, Nov 26, 2014 at 8:49 AM, Hans Ginzel h...@matfyz.cz wrote:
Hello!
Hi,
Consider a small perl code below.
It should copy text file with removing leading and trailing spaces.
while () {
s/^s+//; s/s+$//;
print $_, n; # say;
}
I run it with shell redirection
perl copy.pl src.txt dst.txt
It works well for Windows ansi and utf-8 text files. But when I have
tried an unicode (ucs-2le) source file containing
anb this is
FF FE 61 00 0D 00 0A 00 62 00 0D 00 0A 00
in hex (with Byte Order Mark) I get characters in hex
FF FE 61 00 0D 00 0D 0A 00 62 00 0D 00 0D 0A 00 0D 0A
.
I have attached these files but I am not sure what Mail Agents do with
them.
Variable PERL_UNICODE is not set.
I have tried add -CS to the command line, but got info about Malformed
UTF-8 character.
I have tried adding each of these pragmas to the beginning
use open ':encoding(UCS-2LE)';
use open IO = ':encoding(UCS-2LE)';
use open ':std' = ':encoding(UCS-2LE)';
but without desired goal. I tried to combine the pragma with -CS
option.
I have tried use feature qw/say/; say; instaed of print $_, n; but
without correct results.
perl --version
This is perl 5, version 18, subversion 2 (v5.18.2)
built for MSWin32-x86-multi-thread-64int
What is the correct way to set stdin/out to UCS-2LE, please?
What is the correct way to print encoding independent new line
character, please?
What is the correct way to say that s should match the UCS-2LE way,
please?
You can generally pass an :encoding() LAYER to binmode to specify the
text encoding (see perldoc -f binmode). For file handles that you are
creating yourself with open you can pass these in directly into the
MODE argument (see perldoc -f open). You should of course be using the
3 or more argument version of open regardless, but this matters
especially if you intend to use tainted (perldoc perlsec) data to
alter the IO layers.
I wasn't familiar with the open pragma, but according to perldoc open,
in order for it to affect the standard streams (as opposed to new file
handles that you create yourself) you must include a :std layer. It
looks like you tried that, but were probably doing it wrong. I would
guess the incantation you need is:
use open ':encoding(UCS-2LE) :std';
Or variations thereof, or thereabouts.
I recommend you familiarize yourself with open(), binmode(), and the
Encode module to rid yourself of text encoding doubts. I guess since
you're using the open pragma you should also familiarize yourself with
that, but since there isn't much to the perldoc I'm guessing you
already tried to do that.
It's actually made pretty easy in Perl, but you do need to have a
basic understanding of the system to use it properly. You can also
look into PerlIO which provides the mechanisms for doing this
automatically on a stream.
In addition, is there a standardised way to auto-detect input encoding
(legacy(8bit)/utf-8/ucs-2), please?
Unfortunately there's no perfect way to detect character encodings.
There are many encodings that use all of the same code points and have
no identifying features. In general, the encoding needs to be written
in the headers or content of a stream (if being sent by machine) or in
user-specified options (if being sent by humans). For example, there
are ways to specify text encoding for HTTP messages in the headers.
There are ways to specify text encoding in an HTML or XML document. Of
course, if the content is written in the encoding itself, how are you
supposed to read the specified encoding? I'm not sure. I guess you can
try to guess until the text makes sense, and hobble along until you
find the encoding, and then reinterpret the text properly.
Search metacpan.org for guess encoding. I know that there are
several modules that attempt to solve this problem. Note that they
aren't flawless because they can't be. It's not a problem with a
perfect solution. The best option is to have the machine or user that
is giving you data also tell you what the format/text encoding of it
is. A simple way to do this is to implement a command-line option in
your program (e.g., see Getopt::Long) that overrides a sane default
encoding (e.g., UTF-8). If you control the software you can also
define that the data *must* be in a particular encoding (e.g., UTF-8)
and just assume that it is.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: UTF8, UTF-8, utf8, Utf8 encoding blues
Chris:
On Sat, Nov 8, 2014 at 12:05 PM, Chris Knipe sav...@savage.za.org wrote:
I agree with you - and it also explains what we are seeing in
terms of that certain data comes through clean, and others
doesn't. I too expect that the *entire stream* is not encoded
with UTF8 (even though it should be).
In terms of removing the last three characters, that is not
what is causing the issue. Even if I remove the substr and
pass literally $Body = $Response, the data is still corrupted
once it goes out via STDOUT.
What is also VERY strange to me is that for some reason when I
just do something simple like put a use Encoding into the
script, everything works fine. Then half an hour later, or a
day or two later, and it stops working and starts becoming
corrupt again. And THIS is what has my mind completely
baffled. I am the only one with access to the servers (and
code), and I am not even logged in on the machines when this
sudden change in behaviour happens.
It looks like this thread is quiet for 2 days so does that mean
that you have solved your problem off-list, given up/failed, or
it is still in the works?
It doesn't really look like anybody skimmed through the basics of
UTF-8 support in Perl in this thread. Whether or not you have
already done that yourself appears to be uncertain, but it seems
clear from the OP that you aren't comfortable with it and aren't
confident in your understanding of it. I'm not an expert at
Unicode programming, or Perl, or Unicode programming in Perl, but
I have done a little bit of basic UTF-8 handling and for the most
part understand the basics of the API.
A few basics:
# The utf8 pragma is only useful if you want to write Perl source
# code directly in UTF-8. Doesn't affect how you read or write to
# streams. It affects how the source code itself, including
# string literals, are understood.
use utf8;
# The Encode module contains the core API for dealing with
# various encodings.
use Encode;
# This assumes that $foo is a UTF-8 encoded byte string. To Perl
# $foo is just an 8-bit string. $bar becomes a proper Perl
# character-based string with all of the Unicode characters being
# understood by Perl.
my $bar = Encode::decode('utf8', $foo);
# This is obviously the reverse of the above. $bar is considered
# a Perl string where Perl properly understands each character.
# $foo becomes a binary byte-string containing UTF-8 encoded
# characters as sequences of bytes.
my $foo = Encode::encode('utf8', $bar);
__END__
Perl has this concept of its strings being flagged as UTF-8. In
short, strings are normally not flagged as containing UTF-8 data,
and are assumed to be an 8-bit encoding (e.g., US_ASCII or
Latin1). When a string is decoded in Perl (i.e., Encode::decode)
Perl will decide if the string it is decoding needs to be
internally represented using a multi-byte encoding and
automatically does so. It is transparent to the programmer. In
such a case, that string would be internally flagged as being in
UTF-8, and future character-based operations on that string would
automatically take this into account for you. Visa-versa, when a
character-based string is encoded you are turning these magic
strings back into a fixed byte-based string of raw data (these
bytes may or may not be characters).
The thing that we programmers need to understand is that Perl
doesn't know what the encoding of data coming from the outside is
so we have to tell it how to interpret (i.e., decode) it. After
that it does everything automatically. Similarly, Perl doesn't
know what encoding the outside world can handle so we need to
tell it how to encode data whenever we share data with the
outside world (i.e., outside of our application).
Note also that the encoding 'utf8' is magic in the sense that
it is not strict in its interpretation of UTF-8. As far as I
know, invalid characters will be silently ignored or perhaps just
silently included as is or something along those lines. Check the
documentation to be sure. I prefer to enforce UTF-8 strictness.
If you know that your data is supposed to be *valid* UTF-8 then I
would consider changing those 'utf8' encodings to literally
'UTF-8' (case-sensitive, IIRC). The 'UTF-8' encoding is the
strict mode that will signal errors when invalid characters are
read. Perhaps that will shed some light on the issue. Or not...
What you really need is a specification for the data that you're
reading. If you don't know what you're reading then it's
basically impossible to properly read it.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: (Possibly a terrible lamer) is `open' format wrong
Harry:
(New to thread, reading bottom-up..)
On Tue, Nov 4, 2014 at 1:12 PM, Harry Putnam rea...@newsguy.com wrote:
Shlomi Fish shlo...@shlomifish.org writes:
1. No need to wrap «$cmd» in double quotes here:
http://perl-begin.org/tutorials/bad-elements/#vars_in_quotes
2. You should use the list form:
my @cmd = qw(ls /);
open my $ch, '-|', @cmd
or die Can't open @cmd: $!;
(Untested!).
Ok, not so hard to do I guess. But why is this important?
#1 is explained by Shlomi's URL so I'll assume you are asking about #2.
The list form of opening a pipe will properly pass arguments on to the
command without worrying about your shell interpreting special
characters and doing something unexpected. In this case it doesn't
matter because you don't have any special characters, and your command
is a literal string without variable interpolation/concatenation, but
to future-proof the code and also keep with best practices using the
list form is generally a good idea (note that it isn't supported on
every platform: I believe that native Windows implementations may not
support it).
use strict;
use warnings;
my $user_input = STDIN; # E.g., ';echo rm -fR /;echo '
my $cmd = ls '$user_input';
my @cmd = ('ls', $user_input);
# Depending on what the user enters this could do
# something wrong, or worse, destructive.
open my $fh1, '|-', $cmd or die open pipe: $!;
# This should be safe because Perl will take care to
# make sure that $user_input is passed as a single
# argument instead of being interpreted by your shell.
open my $fh2, '|-', @cmd or die open pipe: $!;
print STDERR First pipe:\n;
print $fh1;
print STDERR Second pipe:\n;
print $fh2;
__END__
(Horribly contrived example...)
Look at the output with this example session (first line is just a
command line, second line is user input):
bash$ perl example
';echo Sneak attack!;echo '
First pipe:
Second pipe:
ls: cannot access ';echo Sneak attack!;echo '
: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access : No such file or directory
Sneak attack!
WHOA, what is that last line of output all about?! That, good sir, is
very dangerous. Avoid destructive words while testing this.
The documentation is good. Please read the entirety of `perldoc -f
open', but in particular look for the LIST form of opening pipes.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bambams.ca/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Make a sub routine return
appends line
information by default so you can leave that second bit off
entirely:
die 'You must be root to run with this flag (-o) effectively.';
}
}
As Rob indicated, give us a more specific error if you still need
help with your program (it's hard to speculate what is going
wrong). If you want more code review then post a more complete
program.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Creating a Perl web site, how should I build this
On Wed, Jul 03, 2013 at 10:13:19AM -0700, Robert Freiberger wrote:
Hello everyone,
Hi,
I'm working on a work project where we are moving a few Perl
scripts from a command line to a web page that will allow more
users to access the tool. Basically it's a very simple script
that takes an updated CSV feed, runs a internal test, then
reports back the numbers from the test.
Ideally, we would like to have this run from a web page instead
of from the command line as more people would like to access
the tool but don't want to give everyone shell access. But the
question is how should we build out this web page? In college I
did some CGI Perl writing but it looks like (I could be wrong)
that this is no longer the standard, and more people recommend
going with Dancer, Mojolicious or Catalyst.
If anyone could provide suggestions to get started that would
be great.
As an ASP Web application developer I am very interested in
learning Perl's Web frameworks as much better alternatives. That
said, I have been mostly unsuccessful in doing so. Perhaps mostly
due to time constraints and lack of motivation. I have made some
minor progress with Catalyst though that may help you move
forward (or at least evaluate forward).
Once you install the Catalyst developer module (e.g., cpanm
Catalyst::Devel[1]) you should have a program installed called
catalyst.pl which will allow you to create a new application
skeleton (try the perldoc or --help for guidance with that tool).
Once you have that skeleton you can run it using either the
generated script/${app_name}_server.pl program within the
application skeleton, or by using an external server, such as
Starman (to the best of my knowledge, this is sort of the defacto
standard production server to use; it has a more verbose name
too, but Starman is indeed easier to remember ;). Starman isn't
the only server option available, and you could probably even
wire it up with more tradictional Web servers if you care to, but
using Starman is probably the simpler option. You will have to
evaluate its worthiness in production and overhead in
administration (I haven't come close to this point yet).
[1] I'm sort of winging this as it has been several months since
I have touched anything to do with Catalyst... Time and
motivation.. x(
To run an instance of your skeleton application using the Starman
server you must first install it (e.g., cpanm Starman). Then run
it, passing a path to a .psgi file (which can I guess be thought
of as the entry point for the PSGI i.e., Catalyst application).
E.g., starman ${app_name}.psgi.
That is as far as I have gotten unfortunately... It is based on
an MVC structure so it will help to have an understanding of that
(coming from ASP I probably have a broken understanding of that,
but I digress... :).
All of this said, if others are right and you only have a simple
program that will become a single Web page that just needs to run
and generate some simple HTML output then it might well be easier
to just hack up a CGI program and wire it up with whatever Web
server is currently available. Your mileage may vary... And of
course, there are many ways to do it.
Just take care to sanitize user inputs, whatever you do...
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: accessing variables in subroutines
.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: last
On Mon, Jun 24, 2013 at 08:20:57PM -0700, John W. Krahn wrote:
The parentheses in this case do nothing, and they certainly don't
imply that last is a function.
$ perl -le'
use warnings;
use strict;
for (1..2) {
();
}
In this case I'd guess that the parenthesis would be interpretted
as an empty list in void context. Next to a next or last
statement though that seems to make zero sense so it seems odd
that it would be allowed at all.
I didn't say that this implies that last is a
function/subroutine. :) Only that it appears to behave like one
sometimes.
That won't work:
$ perl -le'
use warnings;
use strict;
while () {
my_last;
}
sub my_last {
last;
}
'
Bareword my_last not allowed while strict subs in use at -e line 5.
Execution of -e aborted due to compilation errors.
And even if you fix that bareword you still get a warning:
$ perl -le'
use warnings;
use strict;
while () {
my_last();
}
sub my_last {
last;
}
'
Exiting subroutine via last at -e line 8.
Touché. :) Apparently I left out strict and warnings from my
one-liners and carelessly translated them into strict programs
without verifying... :-[ Thanks for catching my mistakes.
Nevertheless, it still works, but it warns you about it if you
enable warnings (and the subroutine call causes compilation to
fail with strict subs).
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: last
On Sun, Jun 23, 2013 at 12:02:38PM +0300, Shlomi Fish wrote:
last is not a function (a.k.a subroutine) - it cannot be.
It is a special statement which is handled in a special way by
the Perl interpreter. redo and next are not functions
either for a similar reason.
I think we can all agree that last is not a function/subroutine,
but at the same time it does behave like one in several ways. :)
For example, you can follow it with parenthesis if you want
(albeit, there's no good reason to do that).
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
while(1) {
last();
}
__END__
Similarly, you can even wrap it up in a subroutine and it still
works as intended (so obviously it understands just how to find
the right enclosing block even through subroutine calls).
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
while(1) {
my_last;
}
sub my_last {
last;
}
__END__
Perl is just magic. ;) It's just one of those things. It's good
to understand that it's special and meant to be a control-flow
statement. The perldoc describes it as a command.
Particularly surprising is that a stand-alone block is considered
the same beast as loops so last will affect that as well!
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
do {
{ last; }
print This is reached!\n;
} while(0);
__END__
Personally I'm of the opinion too that unnecessary labels don't
really benefit the code any. They're certainly helpful to jump
several levels in a clean way. though I wouldn't oppose using a
goto for that in languages that lack labelled
next/last/continue/break statements. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: last
On Mon, Jun 24, 2013 at 10:20:36AM +0200, lee wrote:
It's logical and expected because an 'if' statement goes like
'if(condition) { is_true; } else { is_not_true;}'.
Put a 'last' in front of the 'if' and the 'if' suddenly goes
like 'if(condition_is_true) last;' and no more.
Flipping things around and breaking stuff like this is
illogical and unexpected. The 'if' should still go like
'if(condition) { is_true; } else { is_not_true;}', the only
difference being that the prefixed 'last' is also executed when
the condition is true and not when the condition is not true.
When you think of a natural language like English, prefixing a
word with not doesn't change the meaning of the word that
follows it, *and particularly it does not change the way how
the word is being used in the language*. Prefixing a not
only changes the meaning of the /sentence/, like It is raining
now and we need to close the windows. vs. It is not raining
now and we do not need to close the windows..
What perl does is like forbidding to use any more words after
raining and need for instances where raining or need is
prefixed with not. That's just a very silly thing to do
because it creates a different word (which is written exactly
the same) the usage of which is different from another word
(which is written exactly the same).
Usually, words that have a different meaning and/or are being
used in a different way in a language aren't the same and are
written differently. Perl uses different words, but written
exactly the same, with different meanings, and they have
different meanings because they are used differently within the
language (which is what makes them different words). That leads
to unexpected behaviour.
I think that you are just misunderstanding what is happening
here. `perldoc perlsyn' explains it. These are actually two
different things. The compound if-statement, which is typical of
other languages, and the if-style statement modifier. The
syntax of the statement modifier is:
STATEMENT if EXPR;
Where STATEMENT is a single statement (what that statement is
doesn't really matter, though the documentation does say
simple so perhaps there is a limit). For example:
last if condition();
It is basically just syntactic sugar to get rid of some braces.
It is limited to a SINGLE modifer though so you can't chain them
(i.e., ... if ... if ... if ...). It's meant to make code easier
to read. Using it for complex statements or complex conditions
will likely reduce the readability. In that case, using the plain
old if-statement makes better sense. The syntax for that is:
if(EXPR) BLOCK
Where BLOCK is enclosed with braces. So sticking with our
previous example you could express that as:
if(condition()) {
last;
}
So your attempts to add a last before the if-statement above are
futile. You are combining two different language constructs and
they are not compatible. And it's a good thing because I find
that hypothetical syntax quite difficult to read.
Using English terms, what you're attempting to say is more like:
Stop here if we've iterated thrice write 'if' tracing message.
Obviously that doesn't make sense. It needs more language
constructs to separate the ideas. For example, perhaps a word
like and. While it might have been possible to support such
complexities in a language like Perl, and indeed Perl probably
goes further than most languages in this regard, apparently it
was decided not to go that far in this case.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: Tips or Tricks to print out tab-separated data?
On Fri, Jun 21, 2013 at 02:15:39PM +0100, Gary Stainburn wrote:
What your code did was to tag the \n onto the end of the
array then pass the whole thing to join.
Gary is basically correct, but he worded it wrongly. When Perl
calls subroutines it basically flattens arguments into a list.
Earlier, Mark Perry wrote:
my @array = ( boris, natasha, rocky, bullwinkle);
print join \t, @array, \n;
In this case, you're calling two subroutines: print and join. The
arguments are \t, @array, and \n. The contents of @array are
substituted in its place, so the arguments end up being \t,
boris, natasha, rocky, bullwinkle, and \n. Nothing
special is done to disambiguate which argument is for which
subroutine so Perl does the usual thing of handing them all to
the nearest subroutine: join.
In short, the \n is passed to join, so a tab character is
injected into the stream before the newline. The misleading thing
that Gary said was that the \n gets tagged onto the end of
the array, implying that the array is modified and then passed to
the join subroutine. Of course, the array is unmodified, so
really the \n gets tagged onto the end of the join argument
*list*. @array is unaffected, but the newline is delivered to the
wrong subroutine.
Using parenthesis as John specified solves the problem; or by
alternatively using say() instead of print(), which automatically
writes a newline after writing the arguments. say() is only
available in non-ancient perl's and only available when enabled
(typically by -E or use v5.010 [or whatever the first version is
to include it] or some equivalent pragma). When you want to write
lines that don't already contain a newline it is an ideal
shortcut though.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: make and Makefile.PL
On Mon, May 27, 2013 at 09:21:41PM +0100, Rahim Fakir wrote:
I have download Make for windows 7, but I have problems, with
make nmake, and Makefile.PL, i don't know how to install them.
Strawberry Perl ships with a dmake.exe. Try that. E.g.,
perl Makefile.PL
dmake
dmake test
dmake install
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: help with some code
On Thu, May 23, 2013 at 08:45:05PM +0100, Rahim Fakir wrote:
Iam practicing from start and I have a problem with this code:
This is the comment of the console, i coulnd't give a round to it, pls
help...
Can't locate Glib.pm in @INC @INC contains: C:/Dwimperl/perl/site/lib
C:/Dwimperl/perl/vendor/lib
C:/Dwimperl/perl/lib . at janelahello.pl line 3.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at janelahello.pl line 3
In addition to what others have said (you need to install
Glib.pm) you are probably going to first have to install the
binary dependencies for Glib.pm if you haven't yet since I
believe that is a Perl module that provides bindings to a C
library related to the cross-platform Gnome desktop environment.
You may have to do some guess work to figure out what those
dependencies are (i.e., Gnome). First check the documentation,
but often you'll just have to infer what's missing from the build
errors and figure out how to install those things.
Don't be deterred if you have trouble or fail at first. It takes
practice and experience and we all go through it. Since you are
on Windows you should first make sure that Glib.pm is supported
on Windows (I haven't used it before so I couldn't tell you). If
it isn't then you can't expect it to Just Work(tm), even if you
do get its usual dependencies installed. If it is supported on
Windows then it should Just(tm) be a matter of satisfying its
dependencies, installing the Glib module from CPAN, and finally
running your program with a strong sense of accomplishment.
My advice would be to set yourself up with a GNU/Linux
distribution installation to experiment with these things. You
will generally have a much easier time installing dependences,
especially if you have to build them from source, and often your
Linux distribution's package manager will have them prebuilt
(popular CPAN modules will also be packaged up for you, which
won't necessarily give you the latest version, but will at least
give you an easy button to jump right in, which is ideal for
beginners). If you're new to Linux then you'll have that hurdle
to climb first, but in the long run I think it'll balance out...
Good luck. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: problem with File::Util::readlimit
On Thu, May 09, 2013 at 08:51:23AM +0200, Luca Ferrari wrote:
In fact I was discovering it too reading the code, I've
submitted a bug report for this.
I also submitted a bug report (so now I feel doubly bad for not
letting the list know so he didn't get duplicates; twice the
noise). I was informed that the latest code is already fixed. You
can apparently get it here:
http://cpan.metacpan.org/authors/id/T/TO/TOMMY/File-Util-4.130610-TRIAL.tar.gz.
The maintainer informs me that despite it being a TRIAL release
it has months of stability and he plans to release it soon as
mature. So maybe keep an eye out for that too.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: curiosity about the usage of my
On Thu, May 09, 2013 at 12:15:00PM +0200, Luca Ferrari wrote:
Hi,
Hello,
the usage of my to scope variables is a good habit, and under
strict is almost a need. But just today I realized that
having to write my in front of each block of variables does
not seem to me a perl-ish way of doing things: it requires
extra effort to a quite simple task (variable declaration). Is
there any ongoing effort to make my the default behavior (for
example in Perl 6, that I'm totally unaware of)?
I think that it makes sense to make it explicit. my() and our()
let you know when a variable comes into existence. They're also
quite terse as it is. It's really not a lot of work. I'd rather
know when I'm bringing a variable into the world, and have the
compiler yell at me if that variable already exists in this scope
because it means I'm making a mistake; I'd rather catch that at
compile-time then maybe catch it at run-time.
# Contrived subroutine...
sub foo {
$foo = $_[0] * $_[1];
$bar = $foo ** $_[2];
return $foo == 0 ? undef : $bar / $foo;
}
So assuming this hypothetical Perl where lexical variables just
pop into existence, are $foo and $bar lexical variables local to
the sub, closures from an outer sub, lexicals at file scope, or
are they package variables? What if the code around them changes?
Let's say 300 lines up (several screens away) you introduce a new
$foo at the file scope. Does that change the meaning of sub foo?
With an explicit my() declaration it wouldn't. Without it, I think
it would have to. That's a dangerous world to live in. I think
my() and our() are awesome the way they work now.
(Interestingly the perldoc explains that our doesn't necessarily
create a variable, but it associates the name within a lexical
scope with the package; for intents of this discussion I think
that's just semantics)
In any case, for backwards compatability purposes it probably
isn't possible to change this for Perl 5. I don't think you'd
want to change it either.
/nitpick
I always find it annoying when people declare laziness as a good
trait for programmers. I disagree. Lazy means not doing something
because it takes effort, even if it's a good or correct thing.
It's a good trait for programmers to avoid waste, but not if it
comes at the expense of reliability, security, or robustness.
Using my() and our() takes very little effort and is well worth
the investment.
/rant
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: problem with File::Util::readlimit
On Wed, May 08, 2013 at 06:49:48PM +0200, Luca Ferrari wrote:
Hello,
Hello,
I'm encountering a problem with File::Util that I'm not able to
see, and I'm sure it's trivial:
my $handle_file = new File::Util;
my $files_for = {};
my $max_file_size = int( 1024 * 1024 * 1024 );
$handle_file-readlimit( $max_file_size );
that once run produces the following trace:
PROCESS TERMINATED DUE TO ERRORS
*snip*
Any idea about what I'm missing?
Looks like a module bug to me.
A freshly installed File/Util.pm said:
sub readlimit {
my $arg = _myargs( @_ );
if ( defined $arg ) {
return File::Util-new()-_throw
(
'bad readlimit' = { bad = $arg }
) if $arg !~ /\D/o;
$READLIMIT = $arg;
}
return $READLIMIT;
}
Looks like it raises an exception if the argument doesn't match a
NON-digit character. Which seems like the opposite of what is
wanted.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: Lines written to a file are not contiguous
. And for
future reference, non-ancient versions of Perl have a say()
alternative to print() that appends a newline for you.
close(WRITE) || die Unable to close $write_file: $!\n;
close(READ) || die Unable to close $file: $!\n;
}
}
1;
If that isn't enough to figure out your problem then I think
you're going to have to take another shot at explaining what it
is that you're trying to achieve, and what you're getting
instead. Many of us will not have the aforementioned book so you
should try to explain it to us assuming no external knowledge.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: split
On Fri, May 03, 2013 at 09:59:49PM +1000, Edward and Erica Heim wrote:
Hi all,
Hello,
I'm using LWP::UserAgent to access a website. One of the methods
returns HTML data e.g.
my $data = $response-content;
I.e. $data contains the HTML content. I want to be able to parse it
line by line e.g.
foreach (split /pattern/, $data) {
my $line = $_;
..
If I print $data, I can see the individual lines of the HTML data
but I'm not clear on the pattern that I should use in split or if
there is a better way to do this.
I understand that there are packages to parse HTML code but this is
also a learning exercise for me.
You haven't explained what it is you're trying to do so it's
impossible for any of us to help you. There is no correct
pattern here. It depends entirely on what the input data can
be, and what you're trying to accomplish.
What is it that you want to learn? If you want to learn how to
process HTML data then you don't want to use split to do it. It's
a flawed and error prone way (there is no /pattern/ that will
work on all possible HTML inputs). You're far better off learning
to use one of the HTML parsing modules because that will give you
a reliable mechanism to process HTML data.
If you just want to learn how to use split then by all means go
for it. Just don't expect to get meaningful results when
processing unpredictable HTML data. :)
Give us more information if you want help.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: Can't close filehandle
On Wed, May 01, 2013 at 04:22:42PM +0200, Manfred Lotz wrote:
Hi there,
Hello,
I have a script where I log stuff to a file and the same time displays
it to stdout using Log4perl.
Here is a minimal example where I log a command which fails.
snip-
#! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
#use autodie;
use Log::Log4perl qw(:easy);
Log::Log4perl-easy_init(
{ level = $DEBUG, file = test.log, },
{ level = $DEBUG, file = 'STDOUT', }
);
my $cmd = 'uname';
my $parms = '-f'; # invalid parm
INFO( Issuing [$cmd $parms] );
open my $fh, '-|', $cmd $parms 21 or die open: $!;
INFO( $_ ) while $fh;
close $fh;
snap-
This works great. Output is like this:
2013/05/01 16:16:40 Issuing [uname -f]
2013/05/01 16:16:40 uname: invalid option -- 'f'
2013/05/01 16:16:40 Try 'uname --help' for more information.
However, if I add autodie then I get:
2013/05/01 16:16:33 Issuing [uname -f]
2013/05/01 16:16:33 uname: invalid option -- 'f'
2013/05/01 16:16:33 Try 'uname --help' for more information.
Can't close(GLOB(0x2554c80)) filehandle: '' at ./test02.pl line 20
close does not fail if the command is ok, e.g. 'uname -a'. Can anybody
explain to me why close fails in the example above?
One thing that I know bit me with the 'or die' pattern is that
with a pipe if the child process exits with an non-zero exit
status then close returns undef, even though there is really no
problem closing the pipe. I had to read the perldoc closely to
notice this. So with the 'or die' pattern I had to change it
around a little bit, from:
close $fh or die close: $!;
...to...
close $fh or $? != 0 or die close: $!;
I'm *guessing* that the same thing is biting you, in that when
the piped process signals failure the close also signals failure,
even though there was no actual error with close, and autodie
just follows suit and dies. There's no meaningful errno because
no error actually occurred within your process.
My conclusion appears to be confirmed with the following
one-liners:
# This works fine.
perl -Mautodie -E 'open my $fh, -|, /bin/true; close $fh;'
# This fails with the same error you get.
perl -Mautodie -E 'open my $fh, -|, /bin/false; close $fh;'
So perhaps this is a bug in autodie, or perhaps you should just
not use autodie with close and a pipe... I guess a work around
should be to disable it for the close:
use autodie;
open my $fh, -|, /bin/false;
{
no autodie qw/close/;
close $fh or $? != 0 or die close: $!;
}
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: Can't close filehandle
On Wed, May 01, 2013 at 11:45:00AM -0400, Brandon McCaig wrote:
One thing that I know bit me with the 'or die' pattern is that
with a pipe if the child process exits with an non-zero exit
status then close returns undef, ...
Sorry, close returns false to signal failure, not undef.
close $fh or $? != 0 or die close: $!;
Reading over the perldoc again, the correct check might be $!,
not !?. I guess if the only reason close is signalling failure is
the exit status of the child process then close will set $! to 0.
So perhaps...
close $fh or $! == 0 or die close: $!;
Hopefully that covers all of my errors.. _
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Current time with DST
On Thu, Apr 18, 2013 at 07:26:13AM -0300, Brian Fraser wrote:
On Wed, Apr 17, 2013 at 10:24 PM, Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com wrote:
Using the warnings pragma is good! You should also use the strict
pragma:
use strict;
This is not needed. Since 5.14, 'use VERSION' automatically enables strict.
Thanks for correcting me. :) I keep forgetting that some pragmas
are implicitly turned on when features or modules are used... :(
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Re: Current time with DST
On Thu, Apr 18, 2013 at 01:00:38AM +0100, Ricardo Pais Oliveira wrote:
Hi!
Hello,
I'm using DateTime::TimeZone to get my current time. Shouldn't daylight
saving time be handled by the DateTime module?
In $date I'm obtaining the time with less an hour than it should so I
believe DST is not being considered. How can I obtain the current time
regardless it's in DST mode or not?
Here's my script:
use 5.14.2;
use warnings;
Using the warnings pragma is good! You should also use the strict
pragma:
use strict;
use DateTime::TimeZone;
my $tz = DateTime::TimeZone-new( name = 'Europe/Lisbon' );
my $date = DateTime-now();
print $date;
Looks to me like the problem is that you're not specifying the
time zone for DateTime::now. Try this:
my $date = DateTime-now(time_zone = $tz);
Seems to work on my end.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
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Description: Digital signature
Re: perl unicode utf8 and JSON::XS
On Sun, Apr 07, 2013 at 06:08:52PM +0200, Christophe Martin wrote:
Hello ,
Hello,
I'm trying to use JSON::XS. The trouble is that I have French strings
with accented chars. The solutions I tried don't work. Also, I'm
not sure i understand JSON::XS doc on unicode and utf.
I use linux. The shell, terminal, and files all use utf-8.
Locales are installed, and I have LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 and a bunch of
LC_THING=fr_FR.UTF-8 env variables. Apart from my script, everything
works perfectly well.
As you can see below, with use utf8;, json is ok and can be
decoded by other progs, but perl strings turn to latin1 encoding.
with no utf8 or without use utf8, json strings are
«utf8 encoded twice» but simple perl strings are ok.
Ubuntu linux 12.04 with perl 5.14.2, and JSON::XS 2.320-1build1
if that matters
I must have missed something, hopefully simple. Any Idea ?
#! /usr/bin/perl
use utf8;
use strict;
use warnings;
use JSON::XS;
my %srchash = ( 'éléphant' = 'ça trompe' );
my $json = encode_json \%srchash;
my %dsthash = %{decode_json $json};
while ( my ($key, $value) = each %srchash ) {
print $key, ' = ', $value, \n;
}
print $json, \n;
while ( my ($key, $value) = each %dsthash ) {
print $key, ' = ', $value, \n;
}
The results without use utf8; (or with no utf8;) :
éléphant = ça trompe
{éléphant:ça trompe}
éléphant = ça trompe
with use utf8, here is what I get
�l�phant = �a trompe
{éléphant:ça trompe}
�l�phant = �a trompe
The documentation says that the exported decode_json and
encode_json subs expect the input and output to be UTF-8 encoded.
That is, they expect the keys and values to be binary strings
encoded in UTF-8. Then internally JSON::XS will decode and encode
as necessary.
The utf8 pragma tells Perl that the source code is UTF-8 encoded,
and that Perl should automatically decode scalar strings
(including hash keys), etc., automatically.
So I think that the use cast for decode_json and encode_json is
different, though I honestly can't figure out what it would be...
This seems to work though. Note that I explicitly set the IO
encoding layer for the STDOUT handle and use the JSON::XS OO
interface with automatic UTF-8 decoding/encoding disabled (since
Perl has already handled that for us).
#! /usr/bin/perl
use utf8;
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
use Encode;
use JSON::XS;
binmode \*STDOUT, ':encoding(UTF-8)';
my %src = ( 'éléphant' = 'ça trompe' );
my $jsonizer = JSON::XS-new();
my $json = $jsonizer-encode(\%src);
my %dst = %{$jsonizer-decode($json)};
print $_\n for keys %src, values %src;
print $json, \n;
print $_\n for keys %src, values %dst;
__END__
Since we used the utf8 pragma Perl is already decoding the keys
and values as UTF-8 and storing them appropriately internally
(the details of which shouldn't matter to us). So JSON::XS
shouldn't need to do any character encoding/decoding with the
data. It is already internally stored properly and all operations
on those values in Perl should be character-wise automatically.
I'm not really sure then what purpose JSON::XS::utf8 is intended
to serve. It sounds to me like when enabled it expects the input
data structure to be binary (UTF-8 encoded data). I'm not sure
under what circumstances you'd want hash keys to be in binary
when you could instead just decode the data from where ever into
text strings and happily work with them from there...
I wonder if maybe it could be a bug in JSON::XS that it modifies
these already Unicode-aware scalars. I am not qualified to assert
that it is so. The documentation seems clear that the behavior is
by design and I have to assume that the module author(s) know
more about Unicode in Perl than I do. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: perl unicode utf8 and JSON::XS
On Mon, Apr 08, 2013 at 01:07:13PM -0400, Brandon McCaig wrote:
use Data::Dumper;
use Encode;
I should note that neither of these packages were used in the
example program that I posted and aren't required for it to run.
:) They were just remnants from debugging...
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Exposed Email Addresses
Angela:
CC'ing the list so you hopefully don't get 300 of these messages.
:)
On Wed, Mar 27, 2013 at 03:39:45PM -0700, Angela Barone wrote:
I just noticed something that's very disconcerting. Our email
addresses are being posted online from this mailing list. Does
anyone know about this? I was doing a search when I came
across this page:
http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.beginners/2013/03/msg122680.html
As you can see, my email address is there for the world to see.
Is there a way to prevent this from happening? It seems it
would be so easy for someone to scape that site for our
addresses. The list blocks the address of the sender, but if
there's an address in the body of the email, it's sent through.
Yes, I'm sure most of us are aware. My E-mail address(es) are
also in my public GitHub repositories, and I've probably
knowingly posted them to public discussion boards on a few
occasions. I still barely get any spam, despite this. I only get
1 - 5 spam messages per day, and 95% of them are caught by
G-mail's spam filter. It's just part of my daily routine to open
that mailbox, scan it for a false positives, and then 'delete
all'.
Very shortly after I posted to this list I started getting
spam. I couldn't figure out what had happened, but this could
be why.
There's really nothing that you can do about it. It's a public
mailing list so I think that anybody can freely archive it
(there's no way to control how they do that). On top of that,
everybody subscribed to the mailing list also has every poster's
E-mail address. So even if you couldn't scrape the archive for
them you would just have to subscibe to the mailing list and you
would still be handed the addresses. There's no real difference.
You just have to live with it, or find/write spam filters.
Alternatively, you could post to the list with a personal E-mail
address that you don't care about (it's a little late for that
now though).
BTW, I noticed it's not the same for everyone. Some peoples
addresses are shown while others are not.
That probably has more to do with the mail client (or person)
that wrote the quote header, not the archive software. It appears
that my mutt config is currently only attributing the message to
your name, not your E-mail address. Which sure, helps to keep
your address out of archives, I guess, but it could also cause
confusion if somebody else starts posting as the same name. I
don't remember if I configured that or if it's default.. Some
clients might truncate the address to make it invalid or
something while still giving sufficient context to match an
address. That sounds reasonable, but still not flawless.
Welcome to the wild, wild, Intarnetz. :) There's little point to
unsubscribing too. Your E-mail address is already publicly
visible on the Web. And the spam could be unrelated to the list
anyway. Anybody could have passed your E-mail address along until
it found its way to a spammer's bot. Just avoid replying to any
spam messages, and avoid fetching any URLs found within them
(make sure your mail client doesn't do this automatically) and
hopefully the spammers will move on to more vulnerable prey.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: IPC::Open3 Usage
On Thu, Mar 21, 2013 at 11:12:54PM +0100, Dominik Danter wrote:
Hi I just don't understand the perlfaq example. All I want is to capture
output
of an external command's stdout and stderr. Here is what I've tried:
sub get_exit() {
Careful with those parens. You may not realize, but that means
something special to Perl. It's called a prototype, and what
you're telling Perl is that get_exit accepts no arguments. This
matters because it will determine what things like this do:
get_exit $exit_status, $std_out, $std_err;
Without a prototype it means what you think:
get_exit(-1, $std_out, $std_err);
With an empty prototype as you have it, it actually means:
get_exit() 1, $std_out, $std_err;
# ^ Syntax error. Operator expected.
Syntax error. It doesn't make sense. However, if you do happen to
have an operator there, such as + or -:
get_exit -1, $std_out, $std_err;
Now it is syntactically correct, but doesn't do what you want it
to. Instead it means:
get_exit() - 1, $std_out, $std_err;
So get_exit gets no arguments, 1 is subtracted from the return
value (which is a hash reference) as a number, and finally the
comma operators ultimately result in $std_err in a void context.
The warnings pragma will give you a bunch of warnings for this.
You shouldn't use a prototype unless you want built-in semantics
(i.e., so you can call your sub without parenthesis and still
have the right arguments passed to it). See `perldoc perlsub' for
all the details. Getting them right can be complex. There's no
real need for them though if you call your subs with parens.
So this should be:
sub get_exit {
my ($exit_status, $std_out, $std_err) = @_;
my %error_codes = (
1024 = 'uid already exists',
256 = 'not root',
0= 'success',
);
my $message = $error_codes{$exit_status};
return {
message = (defined $message ? $message : 'unknown exit status'),
exit_status = $exit_status,
std_out = (defined $std_out ? $std_out : 'no standard output
produced'),
std_err = (defined $std_err ? $std_err : 'no error output
produced'),
};
}
sub change_id {
my %command = (
uid = 'usermod --uid',
gid = 'usermod --gid',
);
my ($type, $username, $new_id) = @_;
my ($std_in, $std_out, $std_err, $exit_status);
eval {
my $pid = open3($std_in, $std_out, $std_err,
$command{$type} $new_id $username);
waitpid( $pid, 1);
$exit_status = $? 8;
};
return get_exit($exit_status, $std_out, $std_err );
That bit above about prototypes doesn't apply when you call
subroutines with , which may well be why you're using it in the
first place (otherwise you'd get a syntax error), but you
shouldn't be calling a subroutine with anyway unless you
intentionally want to ignore the prototype. In this case, the
prototype shouldn't be there anyway, so there's no good reason to
use . Once you get rid of the prototype you can call it
normallly:
return get_exit($exit_status, $std_out, $std_err);
}
print Dumper(user::change_id('uid','bla',997));
Here is my output:
Use of uninitialized value $exit_status in hash element at user.pm line 31.
$VAR1 = {
'std_err' = 'no error output produced',
'std_out' = \*Symbol::GEN1,
'exit_status' = undef,
'message' = 'unknown exit status'
};
The command should fail since it lacks required permission, but I'd like to
handle the error messages gracefully.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Installing from CPAN -- YAML
On Wed, Mar 20, 2013 at 04:33:28PM +0100, Klaus Jantzen wrote:
Hi,
Hello,
when installing a module from CPAN I always get the hint that
YAML is not installed.
To solve the problem I tried to find YAML on CPAN and found
dozens of pages with YAML. Scanning the entries I detected
CPAN::Meta::YAML. Its documentation seems to indicate that that
is what I need. I installed it but still get the message 'YAML'
not installed, will not store persistent state.
So what should I install to satisfy the 'installer '?
Try installing 'YAML'. ;)
bash$ cpan YAML
HTH.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Problem Installing perlbrew
Angela Barone:
On Tue, Mar 19, 2013 at 11:42:56AM -0700, Angela Barone wrote:
I tried that, but it didn't work. It turns out that when I
used OS X's Terminal, everything installed smoothly. But if I
tried iTerm, then I got the -bash: perlbrew: command not
found error. This makes no sense to me. I thought both
should operate identically, but apparently not.
If anyone knows how to get perlbrew to work in iTerm, I'd
appreciate hearing from you.
I am not familiar with iTerm, but Google reveals that it is an
open source terminal emulator for OS X. So what probably matters
here is the shell that it is running (I would assume it would be
the same shell as your other terminal emulator program, but
perhaps not..). Is it possible that it's not running bash, and
therefore your .bash_profile is not being sourced, and therefore
the Perlbrew environment is not being set up?
What if you try sourcing the perlbrew bashrc yourself directly
from iTerm:
source ~/perl5/perlbrew/etc/bashrc
Does that execute without errors? Does perlbrew work then?
As an aside, I have found that recent versions of bash (in
GNU/Linux) seem to cache the PATH and not notice changes to it
right away (albeit, you said you were upgrading Perlbrew so I
don't think it would have changed much, but I digress). You can
clear that cache with `hash -r' from the affected shell. You can
also just start a new shell. I doubt this is applicable to your
situation, but you never know... :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Problem Installing perlbrew
On Wed, Mar 20, 2013 at 10:22:04AM -0400, Brandon McCaig wrote:
Is it possible that it's not running bash, and
therefore your .bash_profile is not being sourced, and therefore
the Perlbrew environment is not being set up?
Nevermind...
On Tue, Mar 19, 2013 at 11:42:56AM -0700, Angela Barone wrote:
But if I tried iTerm, then I got the -bash: perlbrew: command
not found error.
I'm going back to bed. _
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Dynamically created perl script
On Tue, Mar 19, 2013 at 12:21:10AM -0300, Brian Fraser wrote:
You can just pipe a program into perl and it'll DWIM:
$ echo 'print Hello World, Perl $^V\n' | perl
You can also be more explict about the program being on STDIN:
bash$ echo 'print Hello , World!\n' | perl -
The - tells it to read the program from STDIN. This allows you to
pass arguments to the program if necessary.
bash$ echo 'print $_\n for @ARGV' | perl - foo bar baz
From within Perl you can open a pipe to perl. For example:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $program = 'EOF';
use strict;
use warnings;
print $_\n for @ARGV;
EOF
my @args = qw(foo bar baz);
open my $fh, '|-', qw(perl -), @args or die open pipe: $!;
print $fh $program or die write to pipe: $!;
close $fh or $! == 0 or warn close pipe: $!;
__END__
See perldoc -f open and perldoc perlrun.
Of course, there's always eval() too, but that has certain
drawbacks (in particular it executes within the scope and context
of your program and can therefore tamper with it).
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
hello();# Prints Hello, World\n!
my $program = 'EOF';
use strict;
use warnings;
hello();# Prints Hello, Satan!\n
sub hello {
print Hello, Satan!\n;
}
EOF
eval $program;
die $@ if $@;
hello();# Oops, prints Hello, Satan!\n
sub hello {
print Hello, World!\n;
}
__END__
Here is an evil example where the evaled program tampered with
the outer program in ways that may be undesirable. If you control
the inner program then you can do things to make sure that
doesn't happen accidentally (and avoid doing it intentionally).
Thanks to the warnings pragma we do get a warning about it, but
that can be surpressed, and regardless the damage may be done
already.
See perldoc -f eval and perldoc warnings.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: anonymous array for loop
Protip: you should stay on list for this. :) Cc'ing the list.
On Sun, Mar 10, 2013 at 11:16:50AM +, John Delacour wrote:
On 09/03/2013 20:57, Brandon McCaig wrote:
You cannot have anonymous arrays in Perl except by reference.
What about this?
for (split //, abc) {
print $_\n;
}
There is no array here. There are only lists. See perldoc
perldata.
List value constructors
List values are denoted by separating individual values
by commas (and enclosing the list in parentheses where
precedence requires it):
(LIST)
In a context not requiring a list value, the value of
what appears to be a list literal is simply the value of
the final element, as with the C comma operator. For
example,
@foo = ('cc', '-E', $bar);
assigns the entire list value to array @foo, but
$foo = ('cc', '-E', $bar);
assigns the value of variable $bar to the scalar variable
$foo. Note that the value of an actual array in scalar
context is the length of the array; the following assigns
the value 3 to $foo:
@foo = ('cc', '-E', $bar);
$foo = @foo;# $foo gets 3
I'm not sure exactly where list values are explained (I think
it is explained more directly than this, but this is what I could
find at the moment).
If you read through the docs you will discover that subroutine
arguments and return values are expanded into lists automatically
(exact semantics may be altered by prototypes or built-in
semantics). Thus, in your example above you passed split
/PATTERN/ and /EXPR/ (split is built-in and its semantics are not
the same as user-defined functions), and in exchange split
returned a list of ('a', 'b', 'c'), which your for-loop then
iterated over. At no point was an actual array allocated for this
data.
For example:
@bar = (1,2,3);
foo(@bar);
It may look like you are passing foo an array, but really you are
passing foo a list of values (which are aliased).
sub foo {
# The list passed to foo is in @_.
$_[0]++; # Here we can increment the caller's @bar[0]
# because arguments are always aliased in Perl.
# (Note: you generally /shouldn't/ do this)
unshift @_, '0'; # However, modifying @_ doesn't affect
# the caller's @bar in any way. They are
# not the same array.
}
For an actual executable example:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict; # Should always use strict and warnings.
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
main();
sub main {
my @bar = (1,2,3);
print q/Before: main's @bar is: /, Dumper \@bar;
foo(@bar);
print q/After: main's @bar is: /, Dumper \@bar;
}
sub foo {
print q/Before: foo's @_ is: /, Dumper \@_;
$_[0]++;
unshift @_, 0;
print q/After: foo's @_ is: /, Dumper \@_;
}
__END__
Output:
Before: main's @bar is: $VAR1 = [
1,
2,
3
];
Before: foo's @_ is: $VAR1 = [
1,
2,
3
];
After: foo's @_ is: $VAR1 = [
0,
2,
2,
3
];
After: main's @bar is: $VAR1 = [
2,
2,
3
];
Notice that $bar[0] is modified, but @bar itself could not be
(i.e., more elements couldn't be added from within foo).
The thing for for-loops to iterate is also a list, so if you say:
for (@bar) { ... }
You are really saying to expand @bar into a list and iterate over
that. Which is why you can also directly loop over a hash (though
it's generally less meaningful to do so):
for (%baz) { ... }
The first iteration will be the first key (which isn't
necessarily the first key/value pair you stored), the second will
be the value stored in the hash by that key, the third will be
the second key, the forth its value, etc.
And of course, you can just pass a list value instead:
for (1,2,3) { ... }
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: anonymous array for loop
On Sun, Mar 10, 2013 at 11:06:14AM -0400, Brandon McCaig wrote:
There is no array here. There are only lists. See perldoc
perldata.
List value constructors
List values are denoted by separating individual values
by commas (and enclosing the list in parentheses where
precedence requires it):
(LIST)
*snip*
Sorry, I meant to properly identify the source of that quote.
That was of course perldoc perldata, not John. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: anonymous array for loop
On Sat, Mar 09, 2013 at 07:24:37AM -0600, Chris Stinemetz wrote:
Each anonymous array @files and @newFiles has 5 total elements.
Just to nitpick, @files and @newFiles are not anonymous arrays.
They are just arrays. They have names. You cannot have anonymous
arrays in Perl except by reference. That is, [] gives you a
reference to an anonymous array.
my @named_array = (1,2,3);
my $anon_array_ref = [1,2,3];
my @named_array_copy_of_anon_array = @$anon_array_ref;
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Running into dependency hell with Cygwin when trying to install Excel-Writer-XLSX-0.65 and have all tests pass and not skipped
On Fri, Mar 08, 2013 at 05:25:53PM -0800, Jim Gibson wrote:
So what's the best Perl module that recursively installs all
prerequisites of a package for you, jsut supplying the
desired package name for installation?
The CPAN module is want you want. It installs the prerequisites
of a module. It comes with an executable ('cpan'). See 'perldoc
CPAN'.
App::cpanminus is often a more convenient module to use. The
wrapper command is called 'cpanm' (versus 'cpan' for the CPAN
module). CPAN will typically prompt you constantly to install
each recursive dependency which gets old after about the 5th
prompt, and will show you all of the output by default, which if
successful usually doesn't matter to you. If all you want is for
the modules to be installed then App::cpanminus does a much
prettier, less interactive job of it, hiding the output by
default, but storing it in a log file if you want to inspect it
after (particularly if the modules you are installing could not
be installed). I believe there is also an App::cpanplus that you
can look into, which I assume is named that because its author
felt it does more i.e., is more featureful. I haven't used the
latter myself.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: anonymous array for loop
On Sat, Mar 09, 2013 at 08:19:43PM -0600, Chris Stinemetz wrote:
I don't think that is true.
Example being:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use Data::Dumper;
my $firstVar = One;
my $secondVar = Two;
my @array;
push @array,[$firstVar, $secondVar];
print Dumper \@array;
for my $item ( @array ) {
print join(\t, @$item[0], @$item[1]), \n;
}
## output ##
$VAR1 = [
[
'One',
'Two'
]
];
One Two
I do not see the point you are trying to make. You created a
named array, stuffed an anonymous array ref into it, and then
printed its elements out (in a somewhat odd way). What does this
demonstrate?
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Return values more than 256?
On Thu, Mar 07, 2013 at 10:21:40AM +0100, WFB wrote:
Hi, List,
Hello,
To test our software I use perl to start it several times. My
perl script gather some information and start then the program
with different parameters.
It works very well, but I have a problem with the return values
of our program. This return codes are all in an area from 55000
to 6. I use open to invoke our program and print the
output. Finally I use the $? variable and print the error code
in case of an error.
sub start_test_runner {
my ($tr = shift, $tr_params) = @_;
I don't see a need for shift here. You can just assign the
arguments array to your list of parameters.
my ($tr, $tr_params) = @_;
my $pid = open(my $trexe, $tr \$tr_params\ |) or die Could not start
TestRunner. $!\n;
Instead of escaping the double-quotes consider using the qq//
operator instead. You should also prefer the 3-argument open.
my $pid = open(my $trexe, '-|', qq($tr $tr_params) or
die Could not start TestRunner. $!;
while($trexe) {
print $_ if $verbose;
No need to reference the default variable with print. That is
implied with no arguments.
print if $verbose;
}
waitpid($pid, 0);
close($trexe);
my $tr_ret = ($?8);
return $tr_ret;
}
now I read the perldoc perlvar section about $? and realised that only the
above 8 bits are used for the return value. The first 8 bit are used for
the system codes. As far as I that understand fit just 256 values in those
8 bits.
Obviously, the error codes given back from my scripts are always wrong.
For example, if the error code is 55028 I get 62464. With right shift the
script prints 244.
I think on most platforms 0-255 is the range of possible exit
codes. What platform are you on?
Apparently Windows supports 32-bit integers... The Web suggests
that if you want to get full 32-bit integers on Windows then you
should use the Win32::Process module instead of open. It's not
portable, but at least it will do what you need.
Note: 55028 255 = 244. So what is happening is the original
exit code is being truncated down to one byte.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Return values more than 256?
On Thu, Mar 07, 2013 at 10:05:56AM -0500, Brandon McCaig wrote:
Apparently Windows supports 32-bit integers... The Web suggests
that if you want to get full 32-bit integers on Windows then you
should use the Win32::Process module instead of open. It's not
portable, but at least it will do what you need.
I suppose I should include a link[1][2] to the SO thread I
referenced since this advice is coming from there. Especially
because it offers an alternative option (using Win32::API to make
a system call with the PID). At a glance I'm not sure how to
access the standard streams with Win32::Process so perhaps using
the GetExitCodeProcess system call as mentioned in the SO thread
would be a convenient alternative to do everything you want. I
cannot say. :)
[1]
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6786812/is-it-possible-to-process-exit-codes-255-with-perl
[2] The thread is titled Is it possible to process exit codes
255 with perl, just in case I typed the URL wrong. :)
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Return values more than 256?
On Thu, Mar 07, 2013 at 02:24:58PM -0800, John W. Krahn wrote:
Or, instead of the three argument open, use the list option and you
won't need quotes:
my $pid = open my $trexe, '-|', $tr, $tr_params
or die Could not start TestRunner. $!;
Good catch. :) I didn't think that open worked with a pipe and
LIST, but apparently it does now. It must have been an older Perl
that screamed at me, I guess. Thanks for pointing it out.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Line Endings
On Sun, Feb 24, 2013 at 11:17:40PM -0300, Brian Fraser wrote:
my $over = '';
while ( sysread( $fh, $over, 8192, length($over) ) ) {
while ( $over =~ /\R/ ) {
my $line = encode('UTF-8', substr($over, 0, $+[0], ''));
I think you meant decode. :) Decode input, encode output. The
internal storage that Perl uses isn't relevant. Apologies if I'm
wrong. I am tired. :)
I would probably suggest moving the substr call onto a separate
line because it's already obscure that it has side effects
without explicitly assigning or referencing. I had to look it
over several times and have faith in you before I figured out how
it is meant to work.
do_something_with_line($line);
}
}
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: Email::Mime not able to send array in mesg body
On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 10:41:51AM -0800, Rajeev Prasad wrote:
hello follwoing code is sending empty email body. I am trying
to send HTML content in body of mesg. It works if I use a
string instead of array. I tried sending reference to
@email_body, but It simply printed array_ref in body.
open(my $tmp_fh,,html_file) or die error: $!;
I will assume that html_file is supposed to be a bareword. :-/
@email_body = $tmp_fh;
close $tmp_fh;
See also File::Slurp, which would eliminate this problem with
less code than open, , close, and join:
use File::Slurp qw/slurp/;
my $email_body = slurp(html_file);
my $message = Email::MIME-create(
header_str = [
From = 'jo...@apple.com',
To = 'jac...@banana.com',
Subject = Please see my test email,
],
attributes = {
encoding = 'quoted-printable',
charset = 'ISO-8859-1',
content_type = 'text/html'
},
body_str = @email_body,
body_str = $email_body,
);
sendmail($message);
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
Re: .profile not being read
On Tue, Feb 19, 2013 at 07:29:49PM -0600, Gerard Walschap wrote:
I see. There is a .bashrc file in my home directory with the
line
-
source /Users/gerard/perl5/perlbrew/etc/bashrc
-
So I guess installing perl did override my .profile, although
I'm not sure how. The source man page redirects to built
in.
I'm not quite happy with the way perl installs itself, but at
least now I know how to remedy things. Thanks again,
I don't know about on Mac OS X, but in Linux I always have to add
that line myself. Perlbrew tells me to, but it's up to me to add
that to bashrc.
source is a built-in shell command. That is, it's built into bash
itself, and is not a system command.
man bash
You should be able to jump to the documentation with this if your
man page is anything like mine:
/ {7}source
(AKA search for 7 spaces followed by the text 'source')
A built-in alias for source is . (dot), so you will sometimes see
that instead:
. ~/path/to/file
Perlbrew works by installing a local Perl for you and setting up
your environment to use it by default by overriding PATH and a
few Perl specific vars. It's actually a very beautiful system. It
allows your system perl to be left untouched so all system
managed software should be compatible and work, but it allows you
to run any number of other perl versions side-by-side reliably
and with little effort on your part.
Checking the man page for my version of bash I am told that
$HOME/.profile is never sourced. That may be why it isn't working
for you. Just use $HOME/.bash_profile and be done with it. :) Or,
if you insist on using .profile for some reason, you could source
that from .bash_profile yourself:
# .bash_profile:
source .profile
Results may vary from UNIX-like to UNIX-like, but not by much.
Regards,
--
Brandon McCaig bamcc...@gmail.com bamcc...@castopulence.org
Castopulence Software https://www.castopulence.org/
Blog http://www.bamccaig.com/
perl -E '$_=q{V zrna gur orfg jvgu jung V fnl. }.
q{Vg qbrfa'\''g nyjnlf fbhaq gung jnl.};
tr/A-Ma-mN-Zn-z/N-Zn-zA-Ma-m/;say'
signature.asc
Description: Digital signature
