Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
ael via Dng wrote: > Isn't conv=sync needed to make sure that you are not just seeing buffer > effects? Better oflags=sync,direct rather than conv=sync though both are similar in result. Bob signature.asc Description: PGP signature ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
[DNG] new system + graphics
Greetings Managed to get the new system running - - - yee haw!!! Now trying to get everything set up - - - lots of software to install - - - working on things. How do I get the open source drivers for my RX570 gpu installed AND working? lsmod says that I have amdgpu running - - - multiple instances. I can't figure out how to change my monitor settings from some 1080 x 768 to the actual resolution of 3840x2160. This graphics stuff has always seemed to be linux's achilles heel!! TIA for any assistance (Please mr Steve- - - !) ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] install on a raid 1 array
o1bigtenor via Dng wrote: > First attempt > set up 2 raid 1s > except now I can't partition the drives You don’t partition the drives after creating an array with them - you partition the array (or just use it as a filesystem of LVM PV). > second attempt > set up 2 drives with some spacer partitions (4.0 MB each) and some 8 > partitions You don’t need the spacers. > set up 2 drives with same spacer partitions and a large /home partition > then wanted to make 2 raid arrays > - - - - except I'm only allowed to use 2 partitions - - - - one from > each member > of the array. > (There was also complaining that there were 2 /root partitions > before I tried to >create the array.) I’m not quite following what you are describing here. > So - - - how do I achieve 2 raid 1 arrays? > #1 has partitions for /efi, /boot, /root/, swap, /tmp, /var, /usr, /usr/local > with a spacer of 4.0 MB between (and before the first and after each) > #2 has a partition for /home > with a spacer of 4.0 MB between (and before the first and after) To be clear, you want array #1 to use all of the first pair of disks, and partition it with those partitions ? Partition each disk with just one partition, and set it to type RAID. So lets assume you have sda1 and sdb1. Create a RAID 1 array, 2 members, using the two partitions Partition the array. Let me show you the setup on one of my machines (it’s a Xen host) : # fdisk -lu /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002427f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 64 204863 102400 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 204864 4399167 2097152 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 4401810 473146379 234372285 fd Linux raid autodetect Here I have a dedicated boot partition, which ends up as part of an array, a dedicated swap partition (also part of an array), and a main partition that will be part of an array and then an LVM PV. sdb is partitioned identically. # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md125 : active raid1 sda3[0] sdb3[2] 234371125 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md126 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1] 2096116 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md127 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1] 102336 blocks [2/2] [UU] So the 3 arrays, all healthy. # ls -l /dev/md/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Jan 22 2021 boot -> ../md127 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Jan 22 2021 main -> ../md125 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Jan 22 2021 swap -> ../md126 When I created the arrays I gave them names - in most situations I can refer to them as /dev/md/name which is a lot easier than trying to remember the numbers. # lvm pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/md125 VG Name vgmain PV Size 223.51 GiB / not usable 2.05 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 57219 Free PE 28291 Allocated PE 28928 PV UUID h0JXAi-y6Uq-cKGn-1AxH-1FfY-DWiD-eWqjsc Here’s the single LVM PV defined. # lvm vgdisplay -C VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vgmain 1 9 0 wz--n- 223.51g 110.51g The VG that’s using it # lvm lvdisplay -C LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert root vgmain -wi-ao 2.00g var vgmain -wi-ao 20.00g And some of the LVs defined on it. # cat /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # proc/proc procdefaults 0 0 LABEL=root / ext3errors=remount-ro 0 1 LABEL=boot /boot ext3defaults 0 2 LABEL=var /varext3defaults 0 2 My personal preference is to use filesystem labels - though there are some potential security issues there (specifically, what if a guest applies a matching filesystem label to one of it’s filesystems ?) when it’s a host for untrusted VMs. But as all the VMs are my own, it’s not a problem. # mount /dev/mapper/vgmain-root on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) /dev/md127 on /boot type ext3 (rw) /dev/mapper/vgmain-var on /var type ext3 (rw) And here’s what I have mounted (with the irrelevant bits omitted). Yeah I’m a bit old school and still use ext3 !
Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
Speed tests on cached filesystems don't do what is expected. The kernel will write into RAM as much as it can, and leave the actual I/O for later. On Thu, Jun 23, 2022 at 12:39 PM Jakub Juszczakiewicz via Dng < dng@lists.dyne.org> wrote: > Hi list, > > What is time between call dd? On ext filesystems is implemented > delay before physically write date on disk. It's for e.g. minimally > files fragmentation. Second question is that, did you try call "sync" > command after each of writes? > > --- > Best regards, > Jakub Juszczakiewicz > Krypto-IT > > W dniu 2022-06-23 14:27, Radisson via Dng napisał(a): > > Its a normal HD i guess 4096 is ok, > > but i do not think that this matters. > > > > > > Am 23.06.22 um 13:11 schrieb Rich W: > >> Hi, > >> > >> A blocksize of 1G seems extreme. > >> What is the optimal blocksize of the output device? > >> > >> Cheers, > >> -Rich > >> > >> > >> On Thu, Jun 23, 2022, 4:52 AM Radisson via Dng > >> wrote: > >> > >>> Hi list, > >>> i found a strange ext4 (?) effect. > >>> > >>> when i write to a disk: > >>> dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > >>> > >>> reports 2.6 GB (expected) > >>> doing again speed drops to 200MB. > >>> > >>> removing xx restores old speed. > >>> > >>> I ask the net and it seems that the effect is there > >>> since kernel 2.6. I found the explainations a bit confusing. > >>> > >>> does anyone know more ? > >>> > >>> note: i was analysing a performace issue for mysql and i am > >>> not sure if that problems matters outside tests. > >>> > >>> re > >>> rp > >>> > >>> ___ > >>> Dng mailing list > >>> Dng@lists.dyne.org > >>> https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng > >>> > >> > > ___ > > Dng mailing list > > Dng@lists.dyne.org > > https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng > ___ > Dng mailing list > Dng@lists.dyne.org > https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng > -- Bruce Perens K6BP ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] install on a raid 1 array
On Thu, Jun 23, 2022 at 05:03:23PM +0100, Marjorie Roome via Dng wrote: > Hi, > > On Wed, 2022-06-22 at 16:26 -0500, o1bigtenor via Dng wrote: > > On Sat, Jun 4, 2022 at 3:03 PM Simon wrote: > > > > > > o1bigtenor via Dng wrote: > > > > > > > I have not ever installed like this so first the configuration. > > > > > > > > Ryzen 7 3800X > > > > Asus TUF Gaming X570-Pro mobo > > > > 64 GB ram > > > > 2 - 1 TB M2 drives > > > > 2 - 1 TB SSDs > > > > > > > > I want to set the system up so that the drives are 2 sets of > > > > Raid-1 with > > > > (proposed) > > > > set 1 > > > > /efi, /boot, /, /usr, /usr/local, /var, swap > > > > set 2 > > > > /home > > > > > > > > How do I set up the raid arrays? > > > > Are they set up first and then the system is installed? > > > > Or do I set up what I want on one of each of the sets and the > > > > copy > > > > that setup to the second (of the set) and make it raid after > > > > system > > > > install? > > > > > > > > I can't seem to find anything done within the last 2 years > > > > talking about this. > > > > Don't see where it should be difficult but then - - - well I've > > > > thought that before() and had a boat load of male bovine > > > > excrement > > > > to wade through! > > > > (So I'm asking before doing to forestall issues - - - I hope!) > > > > > > Others have given good information. Unless things have changed > > > since I last did an install (couple of years I think), you can just > > > go into manual disk partitioning and do it from there. > > > Unfortunately, to do an optimum install means getting the > > > calculator out as the defaults are sub-optimal … > > > > > > AFAIK, all disks these days are 4k sectors, or for SSD, probably > > > bigger. Ideally you want your partitions aligned to these > > > boundaries. So for example, leave sectors (unix 512 byte sectors) > > > 0-63 unused, and start your first partition at sector 64. If you > > > know that your SSD uses (say) 64k blocks internally, then leave > > > sectors 0-127 unused and start the first partition at sector 128. > > > From memory the partitioning tool in the installer doesn’t do this > > > alignment unless you manually calculate all your partition start & > > > end blocks. > > > Everything will work fine if things are not aligned, but > > > performance will be sub-optimal in some situations. > > > > > > OK - - - finally have a working system - - - -lots of joys - - - > > first > > a dead psu then > > a cabling issue (the usb3.0 front panel connector on the mobo has a > > specific > > installation orientation) and then the mob said there was room for 8 > > SATA drives > > and 2 M2 drives - - - well when you use the M2 slots you lose a SATA > > drive for > > each - - - lots of joys and time wasted - - - if only these gotchas > > were easier to find!!! > > > > Now I come to the install. > > > > First attempt > > set up 2 raid 1s > > except now I can't partition the drives > > second attempt > > set up 2 drives with some spacer partitions (4.0 MB each) and some 8 > > partitions > > set up 2 drives with same spacer partitions and a large /home > > partition > > then wanted to make 2 raid arrays > > - - - - except I'm only allowed to use 2 partitions - - - - one > > from > > each member > > of the array. > > (There was also complaining that there were 2 /root partitions > > before I tried to > > create the array.) > > > > Neither of these options is what I want. > > (This is only some couple hours down the drain - - - argh) > > > > So - - - how do I achieve 2 raid 1 arrays? > > #1 has partitions for /efi, /boot, /root/, swap, /tmp, /var, /usr, > > /usr/local > > with a spacer of 4.0 MB between (and before the first and after > > each) > > #2 has a partition for /home > > with a spacer of 4.0 MB between (and before the first and after) > > > > The destructions that I have been able to find are - - - - well - - - > > - > > they're mostly talking about using LVM - - - - which I have not ever > > used. > > > > So - - - please - - - - what do I do besides abandon my idea? > > > > (There must be some kind of mystery step someplace - - - > > and I can't find it) > > > OK, this is based on what I've done myself. > > In the past I created multiple RAID1 partitions on the same disc pair > for /, /home and swap. So /dev/md0 was /, /dev/md1 was /home and > /dev/md2 was swap. > > More recently I changed this to 3 LVM2 partitions in a single LVM2 > physical partition/logical volume. > > In principle the logical partition could span a number of physical > partitions on one or more disk. > > I assume that you've created two RAID1 arrays on 2 pair of disks. > Lets say they are named /dev/md0 and /dev/md1. > > Then let dev/md1 be for /home. Just create a partition on /dev/md1 for > /home. > > On the other, dev/md0 you want to put the rest of your partitions. > I find the number of separate partitions you want to create somewhat > excessive but I would strongly
Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
Hi list, What is time between call dd? On ext filesystems is implemented delay before physically write date on disk. It's for e.g. minimally files fragmentation. Second question is that, did you try call "sync" command after each of writes? --- Best regards, Jakub Juszczakiewicz Krypto-IT W dniu 2022-06-23 14:27, Radisson via Dng napisał(a): Its a normal HD i guess 4096 is ok, but i do not think that this matters. Am 23.06.22 um 13:11 schrieb Rich W: Hi, A blocksize of 1G seems extreme. What is the optimal blocksize of the output device? Cheers, -Rich On Thu, Jun 23, 2022, 4:52 AM Radisson via Dng wrote: Hi list, i found a strange ext4 (?) effect. when i write to a disk: dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 reports 2.6 GB (expected) doing again speed drops to 200MB. removing xx restores old speed. I ask the net and it seems that the effect is there since kernel 2.6. I found the explainations a bit confusing. does anyone know more ? note: i was analysing a performace issue for mysql and i am not sure if that problems matters outside tests. re rp ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] PHP question
sury breaks devuan since the maintainer decided to use systemd specific libraries to create a temp file. instead, use tdrnetworks, which is basically sury, but gets rid of that dependency. See https://kb.unixservertech.com/unix/linux/debian/devuan_sury for complete information. I'm running Devuan with ISPConfig3 also. Rod On 6/23/22 10:49, Curtis Maurand via Dng wrote: Hello, I've been running Devuan on my break even public facing webhosting system for several years. I've been using ISPConfig and the debian perfect server instructions with adjustments for Devuan. I'm up to Devuan Beowulf at the moment and trying to go to chimaera so that I can get PHP 7.4 support. I'm happy to build a new server and migrate sites from Beowulf to Chimaera except that PHP 7.4 goes end of life at the end of November of this year. The current versions PHP are 8.0 and 8.1. Using the instructions at packages.sury.org, I am able to add the other versions of PHP except for PHPN.n-fpm due to a (what seems to be a completely unnecessary) dependence upon systemd. I would love to keep running Devuan. It runs way better than anything systemd based. Is there a workaround for this limitation? I've tried installing the package from chimaera, but it's a couple of minor revisions behind sury.org. It also seems to need a version of libc6 greater than or equal to x.xx. As a web hoster I need to be able to deploy multiple versions of PHP and I don't see very advanced support for it in Devuan. Developers need to test PHP 8 as it's different enough to cause trouble for apps written intending to run on version 7.4 Trying not to install ubuntu, --Curtis ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng -- Rod Rodolico Daily Data, Inc. POB 140465 Dallas TX 75214-0465 US https://dailydata.net 214.827.2170 ext 100 ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] PHP question
I don't know anything about php. The only thing I know about this is that I found it on Github. https://github.com/dimkr/nosystem Regards, Ken On 6/23/22 11:49, Curtis Maurand via Dng wrote: Hello, I've been running Devuan on my break even public facing webhosting system for several years. I've been using ISPConfig and the debian perfect server instructions with adjustments for Devuan. I'm up to Devuan Beowulf at the moment and trying to go to chimaera so that I can get PHP 7.4 support. I'm happy to build a new server and migrate sites from Beowulf to Chimaera except that PHP 7.4 goes end of life at the end of November of this year. The current versions PHP are 8.0 and 8.1. Using the instructions at packages.sury.org, I am able to add the other versions of PHP except for PHPN.n-fpm due to a (what seems to be a completely unnecessary) dependence upon systemd. I would love to keep running Devuan. It runs way better than anything systemd based. Is there a workaround for this limitation? I've tried installing the package from chimaera, but it's a couple of minor revisions behind sury.org. It also seems to need a version of libc6 greater than or equal to x.xx. As a web hoster I need to be able to deploy multiple versions of PHP and I don't see very advanced support for it in Devuan. Developers need to test PHP 8 as it's different enough to cause trouble for apps written intending to run on version 7.4 Trying not to install ubuntu, --Curtis ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] PHP question
On 23-06-2022 17:49, Curtis Maurand via Dng wrote: Hello, I've been running Devuan on my break even public facing webhosting system for several years. I've been using ISPConfig and the debian perfect server instructions with adjustments for Devuan. I'm up to Devuan Beowulf at the moment and trying to go to chimaera so that I can get PHP 7.4 support. I'm happy to build a new server and migrate sites from Beowulf to Chimaera except that PHP 7.4 goes end of life at the end of November of this year. The current versions PHP are 8.0 and 8.1. Using the instructions at packages.sury.org, I am able to add the other versions of PHP except for PHPN.n-fpm due to a (what seems to be a completely unnecessary) dependence upon systemd. I would love to keep running Devuan. It runs way better than anything systemd based. Is there a workaround for this limitation? I've tried installing the package from chimaera, but it's a couple of minor revisions behind sury.org. It also seems to need a version of libc6 greater than or equal to x.xx. As a web hoster I need to be able to deploy multiple versions of PHP and I don't see very advanced support for it in Devuan. Developers need to test PHP 8 as it's different enough to cause trouble for apps written intending to run on version 7.4 Trying not to install ubuntu, --Curtis ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng I am running PHP in docker containers for the purpose of running multiple versions simultaneous. Docker works just fine on Devuan. And if docker does not work for you can look for the PHP start command in the docker container which does not have systemd dependencies afaik. Grtz Nick ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] PHP question
On Thursday 23 June 2022 at 17:49:03, Curtis Maurand via Dng wrote: > Hello, > > I've been running Devuan on my break even public facing webhosting > system for several years. I've been using ISPConfig and the debian > perfect server instructions with adjustments for Devuan. I'm up to > Devuan Beowulf at the moment and trying to go to chimaera so that I can > get PHP 7.4 support. I'm happy to build a new server and migrate sites > from Beowulf to Chimaera except that PHP 7.4 goes end of life at the end > of November of this year. The current versions PHP are 8.0 and 8.1. > > Using the instructions at packages.sury.org, I am able to add the other > versions of PHP except for PHPN.n-fpm due to a (what seems to be a > completely unnecessary) dependence upon systemd. I ran into something similar when installing FreeSwitch under Devuan. That had a specific dependency on 'freeswitch-systemd' which in turn had a dependency on 'systemd'. Looking at 'freeswitch-systemd' it turned out simply to be the systemd unit file (and perhaps some associated stuff, but certainly nothing I wanted to have), so I found out how to use "equivs" and built my own package named 'freeswitch-systemd' simply to fulfil the dependency and allow me to install the rest of FreeSwitch. Many thanks to Nikolaus Klepp on this list for introducing me to that tool: https://lists.dyne.org/lurker/message/20210819.162944.34afeba7.en.html Maybe you can do the same? Look in detail at precisely what dependencies there are, and whether you can fool the installer into thinking you already have one of the packages it needs, and therefore it can go ahead and install the rest. http://retinal.dehy.de/docs/doku.php?id=technotes:freeswitch may also help you. Antony. -- In the Beginning there was nothing, which exploded. - Terry Pratchett Please reply to the list; please *don't* CC me. ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] install on a raid 1 array
Hi, On Wed, 2022-06-22 at 16:26 -0500, o1bigtenor via Dng wrote: > On Sat, Jun 4, 2022 at 3:03 PM Simon wrote: > > > > o1bigtenor via Dng wrote: > > > > > I have not ever installed like this so first the configuration. > > > > > > Ryzen 7 3800X > > > Asus TUF Gaming X570-Pro mobo > > > 64 GB ram > > > 2 - 1 TB M2 drives > > > 2 - 1 TB SSDs > > > > > > I want to set the system up so that the drives are 2 sets of > > > Raid-1 with > > > (proposed) > > > set 1 > > > /efi, /boot, /, /usr, /usr/local, /var, swap > > > set 2 > > > /home > > > > > > How do I set up the raid arrays? > > > Are they set up first and then the system is installed? > > > Or do I set up what I want on one of each of the sets and the > > > copy > > > that setup to the second (of the set) and make it raid after > > > system > > > install? > > > > > > I can't seem to find anything done within the last 2 years > > > talking about this. > > > Don't see where it should be difficult but then - - - well I've > > > thought that before() and had a boat load of male bovine > > > excrement > > > to wade through! > > > (So I'm asking before doing to forestall issues - - - I hope!) > > > > Others have given good information. Unless things have changed > > since I last did an install (couple of years I think), you can just > > go into manual disk partitioning and do it from there. > > Unfortunately, to do an optimum install means getting the > > calculator out as the defaults are sub-optimal … > > > > AFAIK, all disks these days are 4k sectors, or for SSD, probably > > bigger. Ideally you want your partitions aligned to these > > boundaries. So for example, leave sectors (unix 512 byte sectors) > > 0-63 unused, and start your first partition at sector 64. If you > > know that your SSD uses (say) 64k blocks internally, then leave > > sectors 0-127 unused and start the first partition at sector 128. > > From memory the partitioning tool in the installer doesn’t do this > > alignment unless you manually calculate all your partition start & > > end blocks. > > Everything will work fine if things are not aligned, but > > performance will be sub-optimal in some situations. > > > OK - - - finally have a working system - - - -lots of joys - - - > first > a dead psu then > a cabling issue (the usb3.0 front panel connector on the mobo has a > specific > installation orientation) and then the mob said there was room for 8 > SATA drives > and 2 M2 drives - - - well when you use the M2 slots you lose a SATA > drive for > each - - - lots of joys and time wasted - - - if only these gotchas > were easier to find!!! > > Now I come to the install. > > First attempt > set up 2 raid 1s > except now I can't partition the drives > second attempt > set up 2 drives with some spacer partitions (4.0 MB each) and some 8 > partitions > set up 2 drives with same spacer partitions and a large /home > partition > then wanted to make 2 raid arrays > - - - - except I'm only allowed to use 2 partitions - - - - one > from > each member > of the array. > (There was also complaining that there were 2 /root partitions > before I tried to > create the array.) > > Neither of these options is what I want. > (This is only some couple hours down the drain - - - argh) > > So - - - how do I achieve 2 raid 1 arrays? > #1 has partitions for /efi, /boot, /root/, swap, /tmp, /var, /usr, > /usr/local > with a spacer of 4.0 MB between (and before the first and after > each) > #2 has a partition for /home > with a spacer of 4.0 MB between (and before the first and after) > > The destructions that I have been able to find are - - - - well - - - > - > they're mostly talking about using LVM - - - - which I have not ever > used. > > So - - - please - - - - what do I do besides abandon my idea? > > (There must be some kind of mystery step someplace - - - > and I can't find it) > OK, this is based on what I've done myself. In the past I created multiple RAID1 partitions on the same disc pair for /, /home and swap. So /dev/md0 was /, /dev/md1 was /home and /dev/md2 was swap. More recently I changed this to 3 LVM2 partitions in a single LVM2 physical partition/logical volume. In principle the logical partition could span a number of physical partitions on one or more disk. I assume that you've created two RAID1 arrays on 2 pair of disks. Lets say they are named /dev/md0 and /dev/md1. Then let dev/md1 be for /home. Just create a partition on /dev/md1 for /home. On the other, dev/md0 you want to put the rest of your partitions. I find the number of separate partitions you want to create somewhat excessive but I would strongly recommend you set these up using LVM2, as this will mean that you can dynamically resize them if you find the initial sizes you have created become too small or excessively large at some future date. To do this you need to create a LVM2 physical partition on your /dev/md0, which you can then put a LVM2 logical volume and then I yo
[DNG] PHP question
Hello, I've been running Devuan on my break even public facing webhosting system for several years. I've been using ISPConfig and the debian perfect server instructions with adjustments for Devuan. I'm up to Devuan Beowulf at the moment and trying to go to chimaera so that I can get PHP 7.4 support. I'm happy to build a new server and migrate sites from Beowulf to Chimaera except that PHP 7.4 goes end of life at the end of November of this year. The current versions PHP are 8.0 and 8.1. Using the instructions at packages.sury.org, I am able to add the other versions of PHP except for PHPN.n-fpm due to a (what seems to be a completely unnecessary) dependence upon systemd. I would love to keep running Devuan. It runs way better than anything systemd based. Is there a workaround for this limitation? I've tried installing the package from chimaera, but it's a couple of minor revisions behind sury.org. It also seems to need a version of libc6 greater than or equal to x.xx. As a web hoster I need to be able to deploy multiple versions of PHP and I don't see very advanced support for it in Devuan. Developers need to test PHP 8 as it's different enough to cause trouble for apps written intending to run on version 7.4 Trying not to install ubuntu, --Curtis ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
On Thursday 23 June 2022 at 15:41:21, Dr. Nikolaus Klepp via Dng wrote: > This does not make sense to me: > > >> dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > > >> > > >> reports 2.6 GB (expected) > > IMO ~ 1GB is expected, not 2.6: > > $ dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > 1+0 Datensätze ein > 1+0 Datensätze aus > 1073741824 Bytes (1,1 GB, 1,0 GiB) kopiert, 0,617959 s, 1,7 GB/s I agree with what you say, but I had the impression that Radisson was trying to say that the transfer rate was 2.6 Gbps the first time, and 200 Mbps the second time. Antony. > Anno domini 2022 Thu, 23 Jun 14:27:59 +0200 Radisson via Dng scripsit: > > Its a normal HD i guess 4096 is ok, > > but i do not think that this matters. > > > > Am 23.06.22 um 13:11 schrieb Rich W: > > > Hi, > > > > > > A blocksize of 1G seems extreme. > > > What is the optimal blocksize of the output device? > > > > > > Cheers, > > > -Rich > > > > > > On Thu, Jun 23, 2022, 4:52 AM Radisson via Dng wrote: > > >> Hi list, > > >> i found a strange ext4 (?) effect. > > >> > > >> when i write to a disk: > > >> dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > > >> > > >> reports 2.6 GB (expected) > > >> doing again speed drops to 200MB. > > >> > > >> removing xx restores old speed. > > >> > > >> I ask the net and it seems that the effect is there > > >> since kernel 2.6. I found the explainations a bit confusing. > > >> > > >> does anyone know more ? > > >> > > >> note: i was analysing a performace issue for mysql and i am > > >> not sure if that problems matters outside tests. > > >> > > >> re > > >> rp -- .evah I serutangis sseltniop tsom eht fo eno eb tsum sihT Please reply to the list; please *don't* CC me. ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
On Thu, Jun 23, 2022 at 03:41:21PM +0200, Dr. Nikolaus Klepp via Dng wrote: > > >> > > >> when i write to a disk: > > >> dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > > >> > > >> reports 2.6 GB (expected) > > >> doing again speed drops to 200MB. Isn't conv=sync needed to make sure that you are not just seeing buffer effects? ael ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
This does not make sense to me: > >> dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > >> > >> reports 2.6 GB (expected) IMO ~ 1GB is expected, not 2.6: $ dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 1+0 Datensätze ein 1+0 Datensätze aus 1073741824 Bytes (1,1 GB, 1,0 GiB) kopiert, 0,617959 s, 1,7 GB/s Nik Anno domini 2022 Thu, 23 Jun 14:27:59 +0200 Radisson via Dng scripsit: > Its a normal HD i guess 4096 is ok, > but i do not think that this matters. > > > Am 23.06.22 um 13:11 schrieb Rich W: > > Hi, > > > > A blocksize of 1G seems extreme. > > What is the optimal blocksize of the output device? > > > > Cheers, > > -Rich > > > > > > On Thu, Jun 23, 2022, 4:52 AM Radisson via Dng wrote: > > > >> Hi list, > >> i found a strange ext4 (?) effect. > >> > >> when i write to a disk: > >> dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > >> > >> reports 2.6 GB (expected) > >> doing again speed drops to 200MB. > >> > >> removing xx restores old speed. > >> > >> I ask the net and it seems that the effect is there > >> since kernel 2.6. I found the explainations a bit confusing. > >> > >> does anyone know more ? > >> > >> note: i was analysing a performace issue for mysql and i am > >> not sure if that problems matters outside tests. > >> > >> re > >> rp > >> > >> ___ > >> Dng mailing list > >> Dng@lists.dyne.org > >> https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng > >> > > > ___ > Dng mailing list > Dng@lists.dyne.org > https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng > -- Please do not email me anything that you are not comfortable also sharing with the NSA, CIA ... ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
Its a normal HD i guess 4096 is ok, but i do not think that this matters. Am 23.06.22 um 13:11 schrieb Rich W: Hi, A blocksize of 1G seems extreme. What is the optimal blocksize of the output device? Cheers, -Rich On Thu, Jun 23, 2022, 4:52 AM Radisson via Dng wrote: Hi list, i found a strange ext4 (?) effect. when i write to a disk: dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 reports 2.6 GB (expected) doing again speed drops to 200MB. removing xx restores old speed. I ask the net and it seems that the effect is there since kernel 2.6. I found the explainations a bit confusing. does anyone know more ? note: i was analysing a performace issue for mysql and i am not sure if that problems matters outside tests. re rp ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
Re: [DNG] strange effect on overwrite
Hi, A blocksize of 1G seems extreme. What is the optimal blocksize of the output device? Cheers, -Rich On Thu, Jun 23, 2022, 4:52 AM Radisson via Dng wrote: > Hi list, > i found a strange ext4 (?) effect. > > when i write to a disk: > dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 > > reports 2.6 GB (expected) > doing again speed drops to 200MB. > > removing xx restores old speed. > > I ask the net and it seems that the effect is there > since kernel 2.6. I found the explainations a bit confusing. > > does anyone know more ? > > note: i was analysing a performace issue for mysql and i am > not sure if that problems matters outside tests. > > re > rp > > ___ > Dng mailing list > Dng@lists.dyne.org > https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng > ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
[DNG] strange effect on overwrite
Hi list, i found a strange ext4 (?) effect. when i write to a disk: dd if=/dev/zero of=xx bs=1G count=1 reports 2.6 GB (expected) doing again speed drops to 200MB. removing xx restores old speed. I ask the net and it seems that the effect is there since kernel 2.6. I found the explainations a bit confusing. does anyone know more ? note: i was analysing a performace issue for mysql and i am not sure if that problems matters outside tests. re rp ___ Dng mailing list Dng@lists.dyne.org https://mailinglists.dyne.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/dng
