Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-22 Thread Matus UHLAR - fantomas via Dnsmasq-discuss 

On 6/21/21 8:42 AM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware, 
what should be used as identifier for dnsmasq? the physical 
mac-address (just one, as it is just one physical card)? the 
dhcp-client-id or hostname (configurable as per logical device 
level)?


On 21.06.21 11:57, wkitt...@gmail.com wrote:

each VM has its own MAC on its own (possibly) virtual NIC ;)


this only works with bridged networking. In NAT networking, all their MACs
and IP addresses are hidden behind your PC's IP and MAC.
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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Neal P. Murphy 
On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 11:57:48 -0400
wkitt...@gmail.com wrote:

> On 6/21/21 8:42 AM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> > so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware, what 
> > should 
> > be used as identifier for dnsmasq? the physical mac-address (just one, as 
> > it is 
> > just one physical card)? the dhcp-client-id or hostname (configurable as 
> > per 
> > logical device level)?  
> 
> each VM has its own MAC on its own (possibly) virtual NIC ;)

To expand on this just a bit for 'small' users (desktop systems)...

If one runs multiple VMs on a system, it's usually best and least cornfusing to 
prepare L2 bridges (which are really virtual network switches) on the host and 
connect each VM to the desired bridge (or bridges if the VM has multiple 
virtual NICs). Each bridge takes (I think) the MAC addr of the first real NIC 
slaved to it; if no NIC is slaved to it, the bridge gets a random 'locally 
administered' MAC addr. A bridge is still quite usable without a real NIC 
slaved to it; traffic on the bridge just cannot reach the 'real world' and IPs 
used on that LAN cannot conflict with IPs used in the real world (IOW, good for 
testing).

Each VM should be configured to have a static 'locally administered' MAC 
address. I encode the VM ID# and the NIC's number (in the VM) into the MAC 
address so I know which VM and which of its NICs is involved in traffic.

In short, if one assigns static and unique MAC addrs to virtual NICs, those MAC 
addrs can be used as identifiers.

However, it is probably better to use GUIDs for real and virtual systems. With 
a GUID, one can change NICs and MAC addrs as desired and still get the same IP 
address(es) assigned; MAC addr cloning shouldn't be needed. Using GUIDs should 
also reduce administration time. One caveat: the client *and* the server must 
retain the GUID(s). If either one forgets/loses the client's GUID, a new IP 
addr from the pool is likely to be assigned.

With four bridges and 20-30 VMs, I can easily configure multiple virtual 
firewalls in complex arrangements when testing new firewall releases.

N

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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Jesus M Diaz 
Yes, I agree that those are the general assumptions, but sometimes there
are exceptions or rare cases, and I simply asked, but apparently, what I
was trying to get is not possible. And that's ok.

I tried to set up client-id but still mac-address seems to have preference,
and I cannot force all physical devices to use client-id (I don't have full
control of all of them).

Thanks for the suggestions anyway.

What actually surprises me from this forum (I will admit that I am pretty
new in it), is that quite often people use more time judging the reasons
one may have to do things, or to try things, instead of simply answering
questions. I totally understand that to answer a question some context is
needed, and understanding why you want to do something can help to find a
solution or an alternative way to get the result, but this is the second
question I asked in here and the second time I was questioned about whether
what I wanted to do made sense or not, to the point of even arguing about
if I mentioned some words or others (as VM versus 'a virtual computer'). I
am finding people pretty interested on doing things in the only way to do
things, when in my opinion, networking in general and Internet specifically
have evolved by thinking out of the box and using the tools in ways they
were not initially designed for (a very simple example, initially the DNS
didn't include IPv6 -rfc 1034-,and DNS software was updated to get that
later on, and I cannot imagine anyone saying 'you want to use DNS for
something different, that's not the purpose of DNS').

Anyway, thanks everybody for all the comments, there is always a chance to
learn from them.

On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 at 18:35, Dominick C. Pastore 
wrote:

> There are much smarter people than me here, but if I might chime in:
>
> Two basic assumptions in networking are that no two separate devices will
> share the same MAC address, and a device's MAC address doesn't change after
> it's manufactured. Obviously there are practical exceptions (spoofing,
> privacy
> MAC addresses, etc.), but those are the assumptions we operate under (I
> think
> this is the real takeaway from the discussion about VMs). Meanwhile, no
> such
> assumptions can be made about hostnames.
>
> So, from Dnsmasq's point of view, given conflicting configuration, it makes
> sense to always prefer the MAC address over the hostname, since it's a
> stronger
> identifier.
>
> Accordingly, if the assumption about MAC address <=> machine doesn't hold
> true
> in your environment, it seems to me the best option is probably to avoid
> using
> MAC addresses as machine identifiers at all. Can you set DHCP client IDs?
> Or
> use hostnames for the host machines' regular OSes as well?
>
> Alternatively, can you set up the live USBs to use custom MAC addresses,
> so the assumption does hold true?
>
> Regards,
> Nick
>
> On Mon, Jun 21, 2021, at 12:09 PM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
>
> I never talked of VM on purpose, because they are not VM (hence, no
> hypervisor or any other controller plane). Indeed I talked of live linux
> distributions running on USB that I only use for very specific tasks, and
> of course, I run them over physical machines, but these physical
> machines are usually running their own OS.
>
> But all this, imho, is not relevant at all, it was explained just to
> express that *sometimes* it might happen that one DHCP request matches more
> than one dhcp-host entry in the dnsmasq.con file. That is the only relevant
> situation, and my question was: is there any way to set a precedence among
> the potentially matching dhcp-hosts entries?
>
> I don't really understand why the philosophical discussion on what a
> computer is or is not.
>
> Thanks anyway everybody for the comments.
>
>
> On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 at 14:54, Alex Morris <
> dnsmasq-disc...@alexmorris.co.uk> wrote:
>
> On Mon, 21 Jun 2021, at 13:42, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> >
> > so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware,
> >
>
> ...then your hypervisor ought to provide unique MAC addresses for each
> guest NIC.
>
> >
> > what should be used as identifier for dnsmasq?
> >
>
> The unique MAC address allocated by the hypervisor to the guest NIC.
>
>
> --
> Alex
>
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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Geert Stappers via Dnsmasq-discuss 
On Mon, Jun 21, 2021 at 05:09:49PM +0100, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 at 14:54, Alex Morris wrote:
> > On Mon, 21 Jun 2021, at 13:42, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> > >
> > > so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware,
> > >
> >
> > ...then your hypervisor ought to provide unique MAC addresses for each
> > guest NIC.
> >
> > >
> > > what should be used as identifier for dnsmasq?
> > >
> >
> > The unique MAC address allocated by the hypervisor to the guest NIC.
> >
> 
> I never talked of VM on purpose, because they are not VM (hence, no
> hypervisor or any other controller plane). Indeed I talked of live linux
> distributions running on USB that I only use for very specific tasks, and
> of course, I run them over physical machines, but these physical
> machines are usually running their own OS.
> 
> But all this, imho, is not relevant at all, it was explained just to
> express that *sometimes* it might happen that one DHCP request matches more
> than one dhcp-host entry in the dnsmasq.con file. That is the only relevant
> situation, and my question was: is there any way to set a precedence among
> the potentially matching dhcp-hosts entries?


That in my words
} I made some conflicting configuration.
} Is there a way to change behaviour in precedence?


Yes.  It is called modification of a programm.


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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread wkitty42 

On 6/21/21 12:09 PM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
I never talked of VM on purpose, because they are not VM (hence, no hypervisor 
or any other controller plane).



but you did, sir... here's the quote from your original message...

On 6/21/21 3:05 AM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:> Not an answer, actually.
>
[...]
> - *My point of view:   Each computer has a (dnsmasq) DNS entry, the entry gets
> in DNS by DHCP of dnsmasq*. What a computer is? the physical instance or the
> virtual one? the hardware or the software? [...]


your statement "or the virtual one" indicates virtual machines (aka VMs) in 
use...

with that said, i'm bowing out of the discussion... sorry for my intrusion and 
attempt to clarify that "computer == device" where "device" means virtual 
machine, phone, computer, or any similar device that needs an IP address for 
digital comms...



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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Dominick C. Pastore 
There are much smarter people than me here, but if I might chime in:

Two basic assumptions in networking are that no two separate devices will
share the same MAC address, and a device's MAC address doesn't change after
it's manufactured. Obviously there are practical exceptions (spoofing, privacy
MAC addresses, etc.), but those are the assumptions we operate under (I think
this is the real takeaway from the discussion about VMs). Meanwhile, no such
assumptions can be made about hostnames.

So, from Dnsmasq's point of view, given conflicting configuration, it makes
sense to always prefer the MAC address over the hostname, since it's a stronger
identifier.

Accordingly, if the assumption about MAC address <=> machine doesn't hold true
in your environment, it seems to me the best option is probably to avoid using
MAC addresses as machine identifiers at all. Can you set DHCP client IDs? Or
use hostnames for the host machines' regular OSes as well?

Alternatively, can you set up the live USBs to use custom MAC addresses,
so the assumption does hold true?

Regards,
Nick

On Mon, Jun 21, 2021, at 12:09 PM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> I never talked of VM on purpose, because they are not VM (hence, no 
> hypervisor or any other controller plane). Indeed I talked of live linux 
> distributions running on USB that I only use for very specific tasks, and of 
> course, I run them over physical machines, but these physical machines are 
> usually running their own OS.
> 
> But all this, imho, is not relevant at all, it was explained just to express 
> that *sometimes* it might happen that one DHCP request matches more than one 
> dhcp-host entry in the dnsmasq.con file. That is the only relevant situation, 
> and my question was: is there any way to set a precedence among the 
> potentially matching dhcp-hosts entries?
> 
> I don't really understand why the philosophical discussion on what a computer 
> is or is not.
> 
> Thanks anyway everybody for the comments.
> 
> 
> On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 at 14:54, Alex Morris  
> wrote:
>> On Mon, 21 Jun 2021, at 13:42, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
>> > 
>> > so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware, 
>> > 
>> 
>> ...then your hypervisor ought to provide unique MAC addresses for each guest 
>> NIC.
>> 
>> > 
>> > what should be used as identifier for dnsmasq?
>> > 
>> 
>> The unique MAC address allocated by the hypervisor to the guest NIC.
>> 
>> 
>> -- 
>> Alex
>> 
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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread wkitty42 

On 6/21/21 8:42 AM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware, what should 
be used as identifier for dnsmasq? the physical mac-address (just one, as it is 
just one physical card)? the dhcp-client-id or hostname (configurable as per 
logical device level)?


each VM has its own MAC on its own (possibly) virtual NIC ;)


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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Jesus M Diaz 
I never talked of VM on purpose, because they are not VM (hence, no
hypervisor or any other controller plane). Indeed I talked of live linux
distributions running on USB that I only use for very specific tasks, and
of course, I run them over physical machines, but these physical
machines are usually running their own OS.

But all this, imho, is not relevant at all, it was explained just to
express that *sometimes* it might happen that one DHCP request matches more
than one dhcp-host entry in the dnsmasq.con file. That is the only relevant
situation, and my question was: is there any way to set a precedence among
the potentially matching dhcp-hosts entries?

I don't really understand why the philosophical discussion on what a
computer is or is not.

Thanks anyway everybody for the comments.


On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 at 14:54, Alex Morris 
wrote:

> On Mon, 21 Jun 2021, at 13:42, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> >
> > so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware,
> >
>
> ...then your hypervisor ought to provide unique MAC addresses for each
> guest NIC.
>
> >
> > what should be used as identifier for dnsmasq?
> >
>
> The unique MAC address allocated by the hypervisor to the guest NIC.
>
>
> --
> Alex
>
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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Andrew Miskell via Dnsmasq-discuss 
Virtual machines usually generate their own MAC addresses for their virtual 
network cards in bridge mode. So the MAC would be the identifier. They don’t 
share a MAC address with the host itself. 

Sent from my iPhone

> On Jun 21, 2021, at 09:02, Jesus M Diaz  wrote:
> 
> 
> so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware, what 
> should be used as identifier for dnsmasq? the physical mac-address (just one, 
> as it is just one physical card)? the dhcp-client-id or hostname 
> (configurable as per logical device level)?
> 
> That's exactly my point, that there might be where more than one dhcp-host 
> entry match the DHCP request.
> 
> Thanks
> 
>> On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 at 13:23,  wrote:
>> On 6/21/21 3:05 AM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
>> > - *My point of view:   Each computer has a (dnsmasq) DNS entry, the entry 
>> > gets 
>> > in DNS by DHCP of dnsmasq*. What a computer is? the physical instance or 
>> > the 
>> > virtual one? the hardware or the software? This is the key to my scenario. 
>> > And I 
>> > totally agree with you: each computer should have one entry, the problem 
>> > is the 
>> > definition of 'each computer'.
>> 
>> computers are devices and devices are computers... virtual or otherwise... 
>> it is 
>> not so hard a definition ;)
>> 
>> -- 
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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Alex Morris 
On Mon, 21 Jun 2021, at 13:42, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> 
> so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware, 
> 

...then your hypervisor ought to provide unique MAC addresses for each guest 
NIC.

> 
> what should be used as identifier for dnsmasq?
> 

The unique MAC address allocated by the hypervisor to the guest NIC.


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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Jesus M Diaz 
so, if I have two virtual computers running over the same hardware, what
should be used as identifier for dnsmasq? the physical mac-address (just
one, as it is just one physical card)? the dhcp-client-id or hostname
(configurable as per logical device level)?

That's exactly my point, that there might be where more than one dhcp-host
entry match the DHCP request.

Thanks

On Mon, 21 Jun 2021 at 13:23,  wrote:

> On 6/21/21 3:05 AM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> > - *My point of view:   Each computer has a (dnsmasq) DNS entry, the
> entry gets
> > in DNS by DHCP of dnsmasq*. What a computer is? the physical instance or
> the
> > virtual one? the hardware or the software? This is the key to my
> scenario. And I
> > totally agree with you: each computer should have one entry, the problem
> is the
> > definition of 'each computer'.
>
> computers are devices and devices are computers... virtual or otherwise...
> it is
> not so hard a definition ;)
>
> --
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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread wkitty42 

On 6/21/21 3:05 AM, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
- *My point of view:   Each computer has a (dnsmasq) DNS entry, the entry gets 
in DNS by DHCP of dnsmasq*. What a computer is? the physical instance or the 
virtual one? the hardware or the software? This is the key to my scenario. And I 
totally agree with you: each computer should have one entry, the problem is the 
definition of 'each computer'.


computers are devices and devices are computers... virtual or otherwise... it is 
not so hard a definition ;)


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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-21 Thread Jesus M Diaz 
Not an answer, actually.

- *Avoid multiple matches*. As explained in the 'scenario description',
that's not possible in this case, but moreover, there might be other
scenarios where it wouldn't be possible either.

- *My point of view:   Each computer has a (dnsmasq) DNS entry, the entry
gets in DNS by DHCP of dnsmasq*. What a computer is? the physical instance
or the virtual one? the hardware or the software? This is the key to my
scenario. And I totally agree with you: each computer should have one
entry, the problem is the definition of 'each computer'.

So, regardless of your opinion about the scenario being logical, making
sense of being valid/invalid, the question stands: is there any way to
define precedences for potentially multiple matches?

Thanks.
Jesus M Diaz


On Sun, 20 Jun 2021 at 22:50, Geert Stappers via Dnsmasq-discuss <
dnsmasq-discuss@lists.thekelleys.org.uk> wrote:

> On Sun, Jun 20, 2021 at 08:58:59PM +0100, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> > Hello,
> >
> > Let me explain the scenario:
> >
> > - I have a number of computers acquiring IP-address by DHCP and I have
> > dnsmasq configured with static leases for specific mac-addresses.
> > - I also have a couple of virtual computers for very specific purposes
> that
> > I run from a live Linux distro from a USB drive. Physically I can run
> them
> > on any of my 'physical' computers.
> >
> > Now the problem and questions:
> >
> > - I configured the virtual-usb computers to present themselves with
> > specific hostnames.
>
> OK
>
> > - I configured dnsmasq to assign an ip-address based on the hostname, and
> > it works fine ... *IF AND ONLY IF* I don't have a specific mac-address
> > based dhcp-host entry.
>
> OK
>
>
> > Apparently when I have more than one dhcp-host entries matching the DHCP
> > request, the mac-addr based one is the preferred one. I've tried
> > configuring it in different order but always the mac-addr based is the
> > chosen one.
> >
> > So, my question:
> > is there any way to set up the precedence of the dhcp-host entry
>
> Triggered by  "the dhcp-host entry", a snippet from manual page of dnsmasq:
>
>  
> dhcp-host=[][,id:|*][,set:][tag:][,][,]
>
> In other words: "the dhcp-host entry" has many many meanings.
>
>
> > in case more than one match the DHCP request?
>
> What avoiding the multiple matches?
>
>
>
> And what is the actual problem? As in:  Why the question?
>
> My point of view:
>   Each computer has a (dnsmasq) DNS entry,
>   the entry gets in DNS by DHCP of dnsmasq.
>
>
>
> Regards
> Geert Stappers
>
> ADA coin wallet address
>
>  
> DdzFFzCqrhsmqj9cvCvEcpq7D97cqSVmKKB8wEAzyAxYP76PwhFZBi1qyz9e38heFdQ2twPhmaWusS2XogsBgz5Mx7DYxtN4W9TnPEPW
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Re: [Dnsmasq-discuss] dhcp-host precedence request due multiple matches

2021-06-20 Thread Geert Stappers via Dnsmasq-discuss 
On Sun, Jun 20, 2021 at 08:58:59PM +0100, Jesus M Diaz wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> Let me explain the scenario:
> 
> - I have a number of computers acquiring IP-address by DHCP and I have
> dnsmasq configured with static leases for specific mac-addresses.
> - I also have a couple of virtual computers for very specific purposes that
> I run from a live Linux distro from a USB drive. Physically I can run them
> on any of my 'physical' computers.
> 
> Now the problem and questions:
> 
> - I configured the virtual-usb computers to present themselves with
> specific hostnames.

OK

> - I configured dnsmasq to assign an ip-address based on the hostname, and
> it works fine ... *IF AND ONLY IF* I don't have a specific mac-address
> based dhcp-host entry.

OK

 
> Apparently when I have more than one dhcp-host entries matching the DHCP
> request, the mac-addr based one is the preferred one. I've tried
> configuring it in different order but always the mac-addr based is the
> chosen one.
> 
> So, my question:
> is there any way to set up the precedence of the dhcp-host entry

Triggered by  "the dhcp-host entry", a snippet from manual page of dnsmasq:
   
dhcp-host=[][,id:|*][,set:][tag:][,][,]

In other words: "the dhcp-host entry" has many many meanings.


> in case more than one match the DHCP request?

What avoiding the multiple matches?



And what is the actual problem? As in:  Why the question?

My point of view:
  Each computer has a (dnsmasq) DNS entry,
  the entry gets in DNS by DHCP of dnsmasq.



Regards
Geert Stappers

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