[Elecraft] Tektronix 2337 is sold.
Howard W. Ashcraft W1WF hwa_AT_ashcraftfamily.net ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
On Wed, 17 Sep 2008, Bill W5WVO wrote: Actually, looking at transmission line SWR at the transmitter is a poor way to adjust an antenna. To get it right, you need to use a complex impedance analyzer like the now-ubiquitous MFJ-259B (or equivalant instrument), and put it as close to the antenna feedpoint as possible. Adjust as close as you can get for Xc=0, Xl=0, R=50. You can't do that with an SWR bridge! :-) Alternately, feeding through one or more half-waves of coax will give you good accuracy while letting you get far enough away from the antenna to not affect the measurement. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] [K3] : KRX3 live
Hi Mike and Elecrafters, I started assembling the KRX3 yesterday at 2 p.m. and switched the K3 on at 9 p.m. after having also installed additional crystal filters (Better to do it at the same time rather than disassembling the rig once again). I'm impressed by those who got it in less than three hours ! Although my K3 is # 615, I had to solder the additional resistor in parallel with R91 (My RF board is Rev A). W4 was a soldered jumper, not easily accessible, even after taking the KBPF3 board away. But the most unfriendly step was the last one, plugging the KRX3 module into the sub-in and sub-out connectors and managing the TMP coax. Plugging the Front panel into the main board was for me much easier than when assembling the K3 (experience curve impact, probably) When you switch your rig on and nothing works, don't panic and take a breath : if the main receiver is dumb, it's because the RF gain pot has been inadvertently turned fully counterclockwise during the surgery, if the sub-receiver is dumb, it's because some parameters have not been properly set (crystal filter in my case), and if you get an ERR PL2 message, it's because you need first to upgrade the software and secondly to make a synthesizer calibration ! Finally my KRX3 is working FB and there was no problem with the assembling ! Raymond, F4FNT K3/100 # 615, K2/100 # 5,636 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] RSGB Insurance - check yours
Please forgive the cross posting, especially if you aren’t a G or an M. I have just found out that the company that provided the RSGB Radio Insurance Plan Catlin Insurance Company (UK) Ltd. (as advertised in RadCom last year I believe) went out of business sometime ago - I don't know when. I discovered this by chance and have seen no notification of this in RadCom - something I would have expected since it was RadCom that recommend it. My policy is due soon and since I've increased my kit (added a K3 to start with :-), I'm going to go back to the previous provider - Amateur Radio Insurance services supplied by Stuart Alexander Ltd. (0207 3351647). I have no association with them other than being a previously happy customer. I only went to the RSGB plan because it was recommended by the RSGB and was slightly cheaper (very slightly), lesson learnt! Again, apologies for the bandwidth. -- If you must play, decide on three things at the start: the rules of the game, the stakes, and the quitting time. -Chinese Proverb ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 dbV in 2.38
Apparently I need some help in trying to use this dBV capability with on the air signals. For example, using it as an AGC off relative S-meter with digital readout to run some antenna pattern checks for skewness etc. I've used it just fine in lab type measurements with a constant signal source. First question. What is meant by stable value of AFV? Here's what I see for a bunch of AFV edited values one after another with no change in K3 settings. 1579,1688,1598,1624,1696,1613, 2168,1758,1425. The range is 6db. Is the reference value of AFV used in the dbV calculation the last one taken at the instant one leaves the menu entry? Yes, it doesn't really matter if that values is used forever. Suppose one then takes a series of dbV measurements, is the reference AFV ever changed during the set of readings? The integration times available are 500 and 1000 ms. It would seem that longer integration times are required for off air type measurements. Is there any integration time in the measured voltage used in the dBV calculation? Or is it nearly an instantaneous value? For off the air type measurements, it would seem that a suitably long value is needed. 73 de Brian/K3KO -- View this message in context: http://n2.nabble.com/K3-dbV-in-2.38-tp1092599p1098058.html Sent from the Elecraft mailing list archive at Nabble.com. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] External Frequency Reference for K2 or 3
Hi does anyone knowif there are or were there any plans to introduce and external frequency reference input (1Mhz or 10 MHz) to the K1,2 or 3, as Rubidium and GPS off air standards are very cheap now days? and would make a nice addition to the accessory line up. If not, I can easily generate a 4 MHz sine wave signal does anyone know the best palce to inject it into the K2? assuming the 4MHz assuming U6 clock is the master clock for the system. 73's Best Regards B-) Andrew Lenton G8 UUG Serial num of K2 in the 5000's -- View this message in context: http://n2.nabble.com/External-Frequency-Reference-for-K2-or-3-tp1098075p1098075.html Sent from the Elecraft mailing list archive at Nabble.com. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K3 Fan Installation
Unfortunately S/N 906 did not include the 8 each 4-40 7/8 flat head black screws or acorn nuts. These things are like hen's teeth in Metric Germany so I have my second request in to Elecraft support (the first time I got 8 each short screws and stand offs instead of...). Vy 73, Bob DJ0MBC/WU5T ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] External Frequency Reference for K2 or 3
Andrew, That would not make the K2 dial reading any better than it is already. The K2 does *not* use the 4 MHz reference on a real time basis for the dial frequency reading. It *might* be useful during the CAL PLL and CAL FIL process which is when the K2 stores the frequency related data into EEPROM for use during actual operation. In normal operation, the 4 MHz reference oscillator is only used as a clock for the microprocessor and its actual frequency is not critical. It *is* critical that the 4 MHz reference oscillator be set accurately just prior to a CAL PLL and CAL FIL operation if good dial calibration is to be achieved. The best method to achieve an accurate setting is to use the method documented in Frequency Calibrating the K2's 4MHz Master Oscillator (C22) on the Elecraft website at http://www.elecraft.com/Apps/K2%20C22%20Adjust%20App%20Note.pdf -- this method does not require any external equipment, it only requires that the K2 be receiving a signal having a known frequency. In most areas of the world, a good standard station can be heard. WWV and WWVH are good choices but there are others. The K2 dial calibration can be in error by as much as 20 Hz even when it is as 'correct as it can be' because that is near the DAC resolution limit. The K3 does have provision for using an external reference, but it is not functional in the firmware yet. 73, Don W3FPR Andrew UK wrote: Hi does anyone knowif there are or were there any plans to introduce and external frequency reference input (1Mhz or 10 MHz) to the K1,2 or 3, as Rubidium and GPS off air standards are very cheap now days? and would make a nice addition to the accessory line up. If not, I can easily generate a 4 MHz sine wave signal does anyone know the best palce to inject it into the K2? assuming the 4MHz assuming U6 clock is the master clock for the system. 73's ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 dbV in 2.38
I've used it just fine in lab type measurements with a constant signal source. Which is precisely what it was designed for. Is the reference value of AFV used in the dbV calculation the last one taken at the instant one leaves the menu entry? It is the last one. It might be the last one DISPLAYED, or if it has started another measurement interval, then it will be the next one. Suppose one then takes a series of dbV measurements, is the reference AFV ever changed during the set of readings? No, the reference is only updated if you go back to AFV. The integration times available are 500 and 1000 ms. Correct. These are the choices. Is there any integration time in the measured voltage used in the dBV calculation? 500 or 1000 ms, as noted above. 73, Lyle KK7P ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] KRX3 Arrived
My KRX3, ordered Sept 18, 2007, arrived yesterday. It will be a nice addition to my K3 #650. Stan - K6VWE ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
Alternately, feeding through one or more half-waves of coax will give you good accuracy while letting you get far enough away from the antenna to not affect the measurement. Only if the feedline has zero loss. Force 12 are known for making their antennas look better by specifying the SWR through 100 feet of feedline. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jessie Oberreuter Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 2:42 AM To: Bill W5WVO Cc: LIST - elecraft; Cranz Nichols Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display On Wed, 17 Sep 2008, Bill W5WVO wrote: Actually, looking at transmission line SWR at the transmitter is a poor way to adjust an antenna. To get it right, you need to use a complex impedance analyzer like the now-ubiquitous MFJ-259B (or equivalant instrument), and put it as close to the antenna feedpoint as possible. Adjust as close as you can get for Xc=0, Xl=0, R=50. You can't do that with an SWR bridge! :-) Alternately, feeding through one or more half-waves of coax will give you good accuracy while letting you get far enough away from the antenna to not affect the measurement. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] [K3] : KRX3 live
All very true ... But the most unfriendly step was the last one, plugging the KRX3 module into the sub-in and sub-out connectors and managing the TMP coax. Plugging the Front panel into the main board was for me much easier than when assembling the K3 (experience curve impact, probably) Partly because some of the TMP cables - particularly those from the reference boards to the synthesizers - are longer than necessary and loop into the connector area. 20 mm long cables would be better than the current 30 mm cables. if the sub-receiver is dumb, it's because some parameters have not been properly set (crystal filter in my case), Yes! What is the proper way to set the filter parameters? I resorted to the K3 Utility and had to set the gain for the CW filter blind since I could not use the S-meter. 73, ... Joe, W4TV -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Raymond METZGER Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 6:27 AM To: 'AD6XY' Cc: elecraft@mailman.qth.net; 'f8crh' Subject: [Elecraft] [K3] : KRX3 live Hi Mike and Elecrafters, I started assembling the KRX3 yesterday at 2 p.m. and switched the K3 on at 9 p.m. after having also installed additional crystal filters (Better to do it at the same time rather than disassembling the rig once again). I'm impressed by those who got it in less than three hours ! Although my K3 is # 615, I had to solder the additional resistor in parallel with R91 (My RF board is Rev A). W4 was a soldered jumper, not easily accessible, even after taking the KBPF3 board away. But the most unfriendly step was the last one, plugging the KRX3 module into the sub-in and sub-out connectors and managing the TMP coax. Plugging the Front panel into the main board was for me much easier than when assembling the K3 (experience curve impact, probably) When you switch your rig on and nothing works, don't panic and take a breath : if the main receiver is dumb, it's because the RF gain pot has been inadvertently turned fully counterclockwise during the surgery, if the sub-receiver is dumb, it's because some parameters have not been properly set (crystal filter in my case), and if you get an ERR PL2 message, it's because you need first to upgrade the software and secondly to make a synthesizer calibration ! Finally my KRX3 is working FB and there was no problem with the assembling ! Raymond, F4FNT K3/100 # 615, K2/100 # 5,636 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] Test Post
Please ignore ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 dbV in 2.38
Hi Brian, The dBV and AFV functions were designed primarily for use with steady state lab signals to test receiver sensitivity etc. We added these two displays to speed our final test of the K3 in production, and as an aid to do this in the field with simple tools like our XG2 test oscillator. They were not intended for dynamic signal, off the air measurements. 73, Eric WA6HHQ --- _..._ alsopb wrote: Apparently I need some help in trying to use this dBV capability with on the air signals. For example, using it as an AGC off relative S-meter with digital readout to run some antenna pattern checks for skewness etc. I've used it just fine in lab type measurements with a constant signal source. First question. What is meant by stable value of AFV? Here's what I see for a bunch of AFV edited values one after another with no change in K3 settings. 1579,1688,1598,1624,1696,1613, 2168,1758,1425. The range is 6db. Is the reference value of AFV used in the dbV calculation the last one taken at the instant one leaves the menu entry? Yes, it doesn't really matter if that values is used forever. Suppose one then takes a series of dbV measurements, is the reference AFV ever changed during the set of readings? The integration times available are 500 and 1000 ms. It would seem that longer integration times are required for off air type measurements. Is there any integration time in the measured voltage used in the dBV calculation? Or is it nearly an instantaneous value? For off the air type measurements, it would seem that a suitably long value is needed. 73 de Brian/K3KO ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
Since I don't plan on hanging off the side of the tower to operate my station, isn't it more prudent to tune the entire system, flaws, feedline and all if my main concern is what SWR my equipment, in my shack, sees? Charlie KI5XP -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:elecraft- [EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jessie Oberreuter Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 1:42 AM To: Bill W5WVO Cc: LIST - elecraft; Cranz Nichols Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display On Wed, 17 Sep 2008, Bill W5WVO wrote: Actually, looking at transmission line SWR at the transmitter is a poor way to adjust an antenna. To get it right, you need to use a complex impedance analyzer like the now-ubiquitous MFJ-259B (or equivalant instrument), and put it as close to the antenna feedpoint as possible. Adjust as close as you can get for Xc=0, Xl=0, R=50. You can't do that with an SWR bridge! :-) Alternately, feeding through one or more half-waves of coax will give you good accuracy while letting you get far enough away from the antenna to not affect the measurement. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 dbV in 2.38
I've independently measured the linear range of the DBV function as just over 60 dB, which is quite impressive. You can see the plot at http://www.cliftonlaboratories.com/elecraft_k3_noise_blanker_and_crystal_dsp_filtering.htm. That page also provides measured filter response curves using the K3's DBV function. DBV is a very useful tool and a tip of the hat to the lads at Elecraft for including it. (lasses as well as lads, if appropriate.) Jack K8ZOA www.cliftonlaboratories.com Eric Swartz WA6HHQ - Elecraft wrote: Hi Brian, The dBV and AFV functions were designed primarily for use with steady state lab signals to test receiver sensitivity etc. We added these two displays to speed our final test of the K3 in production, and as an aid to do this in the field with simple tools like our XG2 test oscillator. They were not intended for dynamic signal, off the air measurements. 73, Eric WA6HHQ --- _..._ alsopb wrote: Apparently I need some help in trying to use this dBV capability with on the air signals. For example, using it as an AGC off relative S-meter with digital readout to run some antenna pattern checks for skewness etc. I've used it just fine in lab type measurements with a constant signal source. First question. What is meant by stable value of AFV? Here's what I see for a bunch of AFV edited values one after another with no change in K3 settings. 1579,1688,1598,1624,1696,1613, 2168,1758,1425. The range is 6db. Is the reference value of AFV used in the dbV calculation the last one taken at the instant one leaves the menu entry? Yes, it doesn't really matter if that values is used forever. Suppose one then takes a series of dbV measurements, is the reference AFV ever changed during the set of readings? The integration times available are 500 and 1000 ms. It would seem that longer integration times are required for off air type measurements. Is there any integration time in the measured voltage used in the dBV calculation? Or is it nearly an instantaneous value? For off the air type measurements, it would seem that a suitably long value is needed. 73 de Brian/K3KO ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Charles Morrison Since I don't plan on hanging off the side of the tower to operate my station, isn't it more prudent to tune the entire system, flaws, feedline and all if my main concern is what SWR my equipment, in my shack, sees? No it isn't. If you're using 50 ohm coax and an antenna that is not 50 ohms resistive, you'll set up standing waves in the coax which will result in signal loss. Having a tuner at the rig will protect the rig from the effects of the standing waves, but the line loss will still be there. Far better is to have the tuner at the actual antenna feed point (or to adjust the antenna to be 50 ohm resistive). Then you'll have a happy rig AND minimal loss in the coax. - Keith N1AS - - K3 711 - ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K2 Locked up after 160m module install
GM, I built up and installed the 160m module. Powered on the K2 and it locked up. No error messages on power on but no buttons will have any effect. VFO works but that's all. Removed 160m and began troubleshooting. The only observable issue: Resistance between pin 1 and pin 10 on the 160m module is open. Still troubleshooting this simple module circuit. Meanwhile I reinstalled the W1 jumper and repowered the K2….it's still locked up. I've read Don Wilhelms injunctions against not doing a MCU reset but what are my other choices? Thanks, Guy N7UN/2 K2 #5091 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K2 Locked up after 160m module install
Guy, Your other choice is to find out what is causing the 'lock up'. It is quite likely that it has nothing to do with the K160XV installation, but is related to something you inadvertently touched or bumped during the install process. Take a more thorough look at what works and what does not. Remove and re-seat the control board. Measure the 8R and 8T voltage rails - you can easily check at the anodes of RF Board D6 and D7. During receive, D6 will have about 8 volts on its anode and D7's anode should be near zero. If that relationship is reversed, your K2 is stuck in transmit (no buttons will work during transmit). You can try removing and reseating control board U6. If you do a Master Reset, I hope you have recorded all your menu and filter settings because all your settings will be 'restored to defaults' and you will have to set everything up again. Check other things, and do the Master Reset only as a last resort unless you have all the data needed to set it up again. 73, Don W3FPR [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: GM, I built up and installed the 160m module. Powered on the K2 and it locked up. No error messages on power on but no buttons will have any effect. VFO works but that's all. Removed 160m and began troubleshooting. The only observable issue: Resistance between pin 1 and pin 10 on the 160m module is open. Still troubleshooting this simple module circuit. Meanwhile I reinstalled the W1 jumper and repowered the K2….it's still locked up. I've read Don Wilhelms injunctions against not doing a MCU reset but what are my other choices? Thanks, Guy ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] For Sale:: Elecraft K1 QRP XCVR - MINT
ELECRAFT K1 QRP CW XCVR in mint condition – non-smoker. Covers 40,30,20 and 15 meters. Includes auto antenna tuner, backlight option, tilt stand, power cable and manual. Only used in the shack. Will ship to DX stations. Price: $400 USD plus shipping. Reply to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 73’s – Norm K9NK ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
That was the point I was trying to make originally. However, to be fair, the feedline loss generated by SWR is significant only where the loss is substantial enough to make a meaningful difference. At HF, particularly the lower bands, the SWR loss is, from a practical standpoint, insignificant. However, I'm a VHF weak-signal operator, and I tend to think in those terms. Having a non-reactive load at the feedpoint is important at VHF/UHF, as feedline losses due to SWR can be significant on both transmit and receive. Bill W5WVO - Original Message - From: Darwin, Keith [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: LIST - elecraft elecraft@mailman.qth.net Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 8:40 AM Subject: RE: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Charles Morrison Since I don't plan on hanging off the side of the tower to operate my station, isn't it more prudent to tune the entire system, flaws, feedline and all if my main concern is what SWR my equipment, in my shack, sees? No it isn't. If you're using 50 ohm coax and an antenna that is not 50 ohms resistive, you'll set up standing waves in the coax which will result in signal loss. Having a tuner at the rig will protect the rig from the effects of the standing waves, but the line loss will still be there. Far better is to have the tuner at the actual antenna feed point (or to adjust the antenna to be 50 ohm resistive). Then you'll have a happy rig AND minimal loss in the coax. - Keith N1AS - - K3 711 - ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 dbV in 2.38
On Thu, 18 Sep 2008 05:36:40 -0700 (PDT), alsopb wrote: First question. What is meant by stable value of AFV? Here's what I see for a bunch of AFV edited values one after another with no change in K3 settings. 1579,1688,1598,1624,1696,1613, 2168,1758,1425. The range is 6db. Sure. It's audio, and you're looking at the reading of a voltmeter looking at that audio. ANY voltmeter will have a varying reading on program audio (that is, music, someone talking, even band noise and QRN), because audio voltage varies with time over a range of 40-60 dB. Many audio voltmeters, including the one in the K3 that generates the AFV and dBV readings include an integration circuit that averages the voltage over a selected time period (1 second or one half second in the K3). This integration drastically reduces the variation as someone talks or static crashes crash. That's why your readings vary by only 6 dB rather than 30-50 dB. As Eric and Lyle have observed, these voltmeters are designed for use with test signals that are constant (like a signal genertor). As noted, it's quite nice to have this function. The only thing wrong is improperly calling it dBV. dBV MEANS an AC voltage reading where 0dBV = 1 volt RMS. dBm means 1 milliwatt in whatever impedance is being used. If you don't believe that, look at the manual for any HP product that generates or measures voltage. Voltages expressed in dB with respect to some reference are widely used in audio. Often, some reference voltage other than the standard (for example, the output of a generator, or the peak value of a system's response) can be selected as a reference, and all subsequent readings referenced to that voltage. In that scenario, the notation dBr is often used. I suggest that the log voltmeter (that is, reading in dB) begin with one of the international references, either 0.78V (0dBu) or 1 V (0dBV), and then change to dBr when some other reference has been selected. Now, you have an actual calibrated audio voltmeter, rather than only a relative voltage indicator. 73, Jim Brown K9YC Audio Systems Group, Inc. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] Gamma HPS-1A Power Supply
I've put my Gamma HPS-1a compact power supply on eBay (item number 130255861612). This power supply has been modified to include a fused Powerpole terminated DC output pigtail. It does a great job powering my K3, but it is really more appropriate for portable operation and I don't plan on portable operation any more. I have a review of this power supply on my website at www.ad5x.com. Phil - AD5X ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
That's true. Indeed, if you have an antenna tuner (built-in automatic or external manual) you don't even need to do that. That's what made them so popular in recent years; they fix impedance problems at the rig end without fiddling around with the antenna at all. The issue then becomes feed line loss. It can get quite high, especially at the higher frequencies and with longer lengths of coax. It's not unusual to throw away 50%, 75% or more of your RF as heat along a coaxial line that way. But, if your antenna is designed to provide a decent match, or if you've done some adjustments 'on the ground' that suggest you're at least approximately correct, you're not likely to experience such drastic losses even though things will change when the antenna is raised to its final position. Doing measurements up on a tower is one of the major reasons for the popularity of the modern antenna analyzers. They're self contained and small enough you can carry one up to the feed point. Most Hams only need to do that at rare intervals, which is why many Ham clubs have a club analyzer everyone's contributed to buying so members can borrow it on occasion. A much cheaper approach is, as Bill says, to cut some coax to a multiple of 1/2 wave, electrically. Then the impedance you see at the end on the ground will be the impedance at the antenna. The issue there is how many times do you want to climb the tower? Perhaps a buddy at the rig on the ground and you in the air with some HT's is the answer to that. Ron AC7AC -Original Message- Since I don't plan on hanging off the side of the tower to operate my station, isn't it more prudent to tune the entire system, flaws, feedline and all if my main concern is what SWR my equipment, in my shack, sees? Charlie KI5XP ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K3 - IF out - fixed - BUT
I was thinking the IF out port on my K3 was the problem after having scoped all I could and leaving it lay for a while. I brought the K3, softrock(K3 IF version), laptop, power supply(needed the power pole connections), cables etc. to the clubhouse for our weekly tech session. Coordinated with a couple of others to bring a signal generator, another softrock(30meter version), and laptop that works with his 30 meter softrock. Hooked up the known working laptop(using Rocky software for display), the K3 IF softrock, and the signal generator Softrock test - workie, workie. Hooked up the softrock to the K3 and a piece of wire to the blackboard for an antenna...K3 IF test - workie, workie. Conclusion is that I didn't realize the line in port on my old laptop is likely a mono verses a stereo port. BUT - OK, Brainiacs: MY misunderstanding of the IF port and how it works (I have had NO experience with the IF port before and I realize this is how they all work) does not give me the display I expected. I thought I was going to have a display that would keep my K3 centered and slide the other stations across the display as I tuned my K3 giving me the real time view of all stations above and below me where ever I tuned. WRONG. It stays put and I very quickly tune completely off of the display. IE. I thought the IF would output some amount of spectrum above and below where ever the tuning dial and band was set. If this is not available on the IF out, is there a point where this spectrum is available? Is this something that might be possible to implement in software? Thanks es 73, de Jim KG0KP ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K3 MCU 2.38 Software Bug?
Basic Parameters: K3/100 with KRX3 - MCU 2.38, FPF 00.02, DSP1 1.90, DSP2 1.90 Main Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL3 = 2.1; FL4 = 400 Hz Sub RX Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL4 = 400 Hz AM Rx Enabled for FL2 Main and FL2 Sub AM Tx not Enabled I do NOT have a 6.00 AM Filter but am listening to AM through my 2.8 roofing filter - which sounds pretty good! Action: Set Mode to AM. Displayed Mode changes to AM and displayed XFIL changes to FL2 (which would be expected as I have a 2.8 in FL2 and it is enabled for AM receive) with High showing 3.00 and Low showing 0.00. BW shows 6.00. FC shows 1.50. Surprise Action - Possible Bug Now Tap XFIL button. Displayed XFIL stays on FL2 - but - bandwidth gets very narrow. High now shows 2.20 and Low shows 0.80. FC still shows 1.50 and BW now shows 2.8. But, the graphic display of bandwidth narrows to what would be shown if I had BW set to 400 Hz and the recovered AM audio sounds like it! The BW showing 400 Hz is as it should be since 2.20 - 0.80 is 400 Hz. Press and release NORM and I am back to where I started with Rx as it should. Even if I Normalize I and II so all is well and then do the tap the narrowing scenario repeats! What I've Tried: I've downloaded and sent All Firmware to K3 twice with the same result. I've used the K3 Utility Version 1.1.6.3 to verify the filter settings that I made in the Config Menu. I've used the K3 Utility to set the filters and verified them in the Config Menu. I don't know if this action occurred in previous versions as I've stayed up with all Beta releases but frankly never tapped the XFIL button before while listening to AM. Questions: Can anyone duplicate this seemingly strange action when in AM mode and tapping the XFIL button? If it can't be duplicated, any idea(s) what I've got set incorrectly? Is this simply a consequence of not having the 6 kHz AM filter and listening to AM with the 2.8? Thanks in advance. '73 es gud dxing -- Don N4HH K3/100/KRX3 #83 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 - IF out - fixed - BUT
Jim, This is how my LP-PAN works when teamed up with PowerSDR IF Stage. K3 always in the middle, up to 92khz display on either side. I do need a command translator in between - either Simon's Ham Radio Deluxe or Larry Phipps' LP-Bridge - so that the tuning is reflected is the display. Of course you can also do the reverse - tune the K3 from the display by clicking. Monty, K2DLJ I thought I was going to have a display that would keep my K3 centered and slide the other stations across the display as I tuned my K3 giving me the real time view of all stations above and below me where ever I tuned. WRONG. It stays put and I very quickly tune completely off of the display. IE. I thought the IF would output some amount of spectrum above and below where ever the tuning dial and band was set. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 - IF out - fixed - BUT
I don't completely follow your description, so can't comment on what you are seeing, but many of us who are using the IF panadaptor are using the wu2x version of PowerSDR, along with Larry Phipps' LP-Bridge. This gives the best panadaptor I have ever used, and I have been using them since the early 1970's. Google them and read. Jerry W4UK At 12:40 PM 9/18/2008, Jim Miller wrote: I was thinking the IF out port on my K3 was the problem after having scoped all I could and leaving it lay for a while. I brought the K3, softrock(K3 IF version), laptop, power supply(needed the power pole connections), cables etc. to the clubhouse for our weekly tech session. Coordinated with a couple of others to bring a signal generator, another softrock(30meter version), and laptop that works with his 30 meter softrock. Hooked up the known working laptop(using Rocky software for display), the K3 IF softrock, and the signal generator Softrock test - workie, workie. Hooked up the softrock to the K3 and a piece of wire to the blackboard for an antenna...K3 IF test - workie, workie. Conclusion is that I didn't realize the line in port on my old laptop is likely a mono verses a stereo port. BUT - OK, Brainiacs: MY misunderstanding of the IF port and how it works (I have had NO experience with the IF port before and I realize this is how they all work) does not give me the display I expected. I thought I was going to have a display that would keep my K3 centered and slide the other stations across the display as I tuned my K3 giving me the real time view of all stations above and below me where ever I tuned. WRONG. It stays put and I very quickly tune completely off of the display. IE. I thought the IF would output some amount of spectrum above and below where ever the tuning dial and band was set. If this is not available on the IF out, is there a point where this spectrum is available? Is this something that might be possible to implement in software? Thanks es 73, de Jim KG0KP _ ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 MCU 2.38 Software Bug?
Same thing here, Don, even though I have a slightly different filter setup. When selecting Mode AM and then tapping XFIL, the width drops down to narrow (Low 0.80; High 2.20) indicating the 2.8k filter. Tapping XFIL again takes me back to the main AM Filter (FL 1, 6K, in my case) and bandwidth returns to normal. There is definitely an anomaly there. 73, Ken K3IU K3 #202 Don Nesbitt wrote: Basic Parameters: K3/100 with KRX3 - MCU 2.38, FPF 00.02, DSP1 1.90, DSP2 1.90 Main Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL3 = 2.1; FL4 = 400 Hz Sub RX Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL4 = 400 Hz AM Rx Enabled for FL2 Main and FL2 Sub AM Tx not Enabled I do NOT have a 6.00 AM Filter but am listening to AM through my 2.8 roofing filter - which sounds pretty good! Action: Set Mode to AM. Displayed Mode changes to AM and displayed XFIL changes to FL2 (which would be expected as I have a 2.8 in FL2 and it is enabled for AM receive) with High showing 3.00 and Low showing 0.00. BW shows 6.00. FC shows 1.50. Surprise Action - Possible Bug Now Tap XFIL button. Displayed XFIL stays on FL2 - but - bandwidth gets very narrow. High now shows 2.20 and Low shows 0.80. FC still shows 1.50 and BW now shows 2.8. But, the graphic display of bandwidth narrows to what would be shown if I had BW set to 400 Hz and the recovered AM audio sounds like it! The BW showing 400 Hz is as it should be since 2.20 - 0.80 is 400 Hz. Press and release NORM and I am back to where I started with Rx as it should. Even if I Normalize I and II so all is well and then do the tap the narrowing scenario repeats! What I've Tried: I've downloaded and sent All Firmware to K3 twice with the same result. I've used the K3 Utility Version 1.1.6.3 to verify the filter settings that I made in the Config Menu. I've used the K3 Utility to set the filters and verified them in the Config Menu. I don't know if this action occurred in previous versions as I've stayed up with all Beta releases but frankly never tapped the XFIL button before while listening to AM. Questions: Can anyone duplicate this seemingly strange action when in AM mode and tapping the XFIL button? If it can't be duplicated, any idea(s) what I've got set incorrectly? Is this simply a consequence of not having the 6 kHz AM filter and listening to AM with the 2.8? Thanks in advance. '73 es gud dxing -- Don N4HH K3/100/KRX3 #83 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 - IF out - fixed - BUT
Jim, You are correct that the K3 IF output should/will change frequency when the K3 VFO is tuned. The signal at the IF output jack will be essentially RF input frequency minus the VFO frequency (except for 6 meters where it is 'plus'). If you are trying to tune with only the Rocky software and no K3 control application to change the VFO on the K3, then K3 IF will remain unchanged. In other words, you need some more software to do that task. 73, Don W3FPR Jim Miller wrote: I was thinking the IF out port on my K3 was the problem after having scoped all I could and leaving it lay for a while. I brought the K3, softrock(K3 IF version), laptop, power supply(needed the power pole connections), cables etc. to the clubhouse for our weekly tech session. Coordinated with a couple of others to bring a signal generator, another softrock(30meter version), and laptop that works with his 30 meter softrock. Hooked up the known working laptop(using Rocky software for display), the K3 IF softrock, and the signal generator Softrock test - workie, workie. Hooked up the softrock to the K3 and a piece of wire to the blackboard for an antenna...K3 IF test - workie, workie. Conclusion is that I didn't realize the line in port on my old laptop is likely a mono verses a stereo port. BUT - OK, Brainiacs: MY misunderstanding of the IF port and how it works (I have had NO experience with the IF port before and I realize this is how they all work) does not give me the display I expected. I thought I was going to have a display that would keep my K3 centered and slide the other stations across the display as I tuned my K3 giving me the real time view of all stations above and below me where ever I tuned. WRONG. It stays put and I very quickly tune completely off of the display. IE. I thought the IF would output some amount of spectrum above and below where ever the tuning dial and band was set. If this is not available on the IF out, is there a point where this spectrum is available? Is this something that might be possible to implement in software? ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 MCU 2.38 Software Bug?
Don, I have found the same problem. I have the 6K, 2K8, 500, 400 and 250 Hz at the moment. All three narrow filters show LO 0.85 and HI 2.15 in AM mode. The BW shown during switching from HI to BW is 2.70 and not 500, 400 and 250 Hz as one would expect. I am wondering why the center frequency *1.50 always remains constant for all filters in SSB. When lowering the bandwidth to 1 KHz, signals can be heard best at a lower shift of about 0.65 KHz. With my K2 I used the CW audio filter at 550 Hz sometimes to copy SSB stations with adjacent strong signals. 73 's Steef PA2A K2 4654 K3 1184 - Original Message - From: Don Nesbitt [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 7:06 PM Subject: [Elecraft] K3 MCU 2.38 Software Bug? Basic Parameters: K3/100 with KRX3 - MCU 2.38, FPF 00.02, DSP1 1.90, DSP2 1.90 Main Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL3 = 2.1; FL4 = 400 Hz Sub RX Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL4 = 400 Hz AM Rx Enabled for FL2 Main and FL2 Sub AM Tx not Enabled I do NOT have a 6.00 AM Filter but am listening to AM through my 2.8 roofing filter - which sounds pretty good! Action: Set Mode to AM. Displayed Mode changes to AM and displayed XFIL changes to FL2 (which would be expected as I have a 2.8 in FL2 and it is enabled for AM receive) with High showing 3.00 and Low showing 0.00. BW shows 6.00. FC shows 1.50. Surprise Action - Possible Bug Now Tap XFIL button. Displayed XFIL stays on FL2 - but - bandwidth gets very narrow. High now shows 2.20 and Low shows 0.80. FC still shows 1.50 and BW now shows 2.8. But, the graphic display of bandwidth narrows to what would be shown if I had BW set to 400 Hz and the recovered AM audio sounds like it! The BW showing 400 Hz is as it should be since 2.20 - 0.80 is 400 Hz. Press and release NORM and I am back to where I started with Rx as it should. Even if I Normalize I and II so all is well and then do the tap the narrowing scenario repeats! What I've Tried: I've downloaded and sent All Firmware to K3 twice with the same result. I've used the K3 Utility Version 1.1.6.3 to verify the filter settings that I made in the Config Menu. I've used the K3 Utility to set the filters and verified them in the Config Menu. I don't know if this action occurred in previous versions as I've stayed up with all Beta releases but frankly never tapped the XFIL button before while listening to AM. Questions: Can anyone duplicate this seemingly strange action when in AM mode and tapping the XFIL button? If it can't be duplicated, any idea(s) what I've got set incorrectly? Is this simply a consequence of not having the 6 kHz AM filter and listening to AM with the 2.8? Thanks in advance. '73 es gud dxing -- Don N4HH K3/100/KRX3 #83 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
Hi Charlie: Since I don't plan on hanging off the side of the tower to operate my station, isn't it more prudent to tune the entire system, flaws, feedline and all if my main concern is what SWR my equipment, in my shack, sees? 'Tuning' things so the rig sees what it wants is not always the best... since things could be REALLY BAD at the antenna end, but you'd never know it at the radio end. You wan the BEST MATCH available AT THE ANTENNA END so you'll get maximum (most efficient) RF power transfer from the feedline to the antenna. Once you get this, you can worry about performing and additional matching at the TX end. Using a transmatch, you can make darn near any level of mismatch 'appear' to be a 1:1 SWR at the transmitter, but if the match AT THE ANTENNA is not acceptable, you won't be getting the most efficient transfer of RF to the antenna... e.g. you'll be heating your feedline with the RF that was to go into the antenna... a place where it'll do little good. FIRST - Ensure that the feedline-to-antenna match is appropriate for good power transfer. THEN - Ensure that the match between your feedline and the transmitter is appropriate for good power transfer from the transmitter to the feedline and ultimately to the antenna. 73, Tom Hammond N0SS ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
On Thu, 18 Sep 2008 09:35:45 -0600, Bill W5WVO wrote: as feedline losses due to SWR can be significant on both transmit and receive It depends on your definition of significant and the degree of mismatch. This is another one of those old wives' tales that is a wild exageration of reality. A graph of the loss due to mismatch has appeared in every version of the ARRL Handbook and the ARRL Antenna Book for many years. It shows that the WORST CASE additional loss for a 1.5:1 VSWR is 0.18 dB, no matter how much the matched loss of the line! That worst case number is 0.5 dB for a 2:1 VSWR and 1.2 dB for 3:1 VSWR. If the loss in the line for a perfect match were 1 dB, the additional loss due to SWR is about 0.05dB for 1.5 VSWR, 0.2 dB for 2:1, and 0.46dB for 3:1. You've got to have a VSWR of 5:1 for there to be 1 dB of additional loss due to mismatch! Yes, the loss in any transmission line causes the VSWR to come closer to 1:1 as we move along the line from the antenna to the transmitter. The lossier the line, the greater this effect. BUT -- coax of reasonable size and quality is NOT very lossy on the HF bands. Decent RG8X (Belden 9258 or LMR240) has only about 1 dB/100 ft on 20M, and less than 0.5dB/100ft on 80M. Loss rises t about 1.6dB on 10M, and 2 dB/100 ft on 6M. The best RG8s have roughly one-third that loss. This graph is in Chapter 19 of my 2002 ARRL Handbook, and Chapter 24 of the ARRL Antenna Book. Both publications also show the equation from which the graphs are derived, and the ARRL Antenna Book comes with a calculator (by N6BV) that will compute the loss in the line for any length of line, frequency, and value of termination impedance that you plug in, based on its database of loss for many popular coax cables (Belden, LMR, and a few others). You can also plug in the VSWR or complex impedance you've measured at the transmitter and the length of the line, and it will compute the line loss and the VSWR at the antenna. The bottom line is that unless your antenna is badly mismatched (far off resonance or broken), the additional loss due to VSWR on the HF bands is truly insignificant. Now, I DO use big coax (RG8 and RG11) on my high wire dipoles that are up about 110 ft (and the lines are about 140 ft). I do that because I am contesting (high duty cycle) with legal power and over rather wide bandwidths (a single dipole for all of 80/75 and for 160M), AND because I use the 80/40 fan dipoles on 30M, 17M, and 12M. The fact that I'm using the big coax saves me a dB or so in these far off resonance conditions, and allows them to work pretty well! 73, Jim Brown K9YC ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
Excellent point Joe. The current QST magazine that features a short article about running open wire or window line to coax outside the house and then using a short length of coax to reach the rig. The author noted that with a short run of 10 feet of the coax he uses, the losses with a 10:1 SWR would be about 1 dB at 28 MHz. That sounds good assuming the coax losses and SWR are really that low in worst case. But what he missed was that he used a choke balun between the coax and feed line that consists of an additional 22 feet of coax wound up in a coil to keep RF off of the outside of the coax shield and so out of the shack. So he really has 32 feet of coax between the rig and the open wire feed line. If he original assumptions about maximum SWR and losses were correct, he's really losing about half of his transmitter power (3 dB) in that coax link and balun. Ron -Original Message- Alternately, feeding through one or more half-waves of coax will give you good accuracy while letting you get far enough away from the antenna to not affect the measurement. Only if the feedline has zero loss. Force 12 are known for making their antennas look better by specifying the SWR through 100 feet of feedline. ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K3 #1741 arrives
For the record -- K3/100 kit serial number 1741 Ordered 20 May 2008 Shipped from Aptos 17 September 2008 Arrived in SF 18 September 2008 Thanks to all at Elecraft, including the efficient Katie. Oliver Johns W6ODJ ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] Fw: FOR SALE: ELECRAFT K1 XCVR - MINT
FOR SALE: K1 QRP XCVR in mint condition -- non-smoker. Covers 40, 30, 20 and 15 meters. Includes auto antenna tuner, backlight option, tilt stand, power cable and manual. Only used in the shack. Will ship to DX stations. Price: $400 USD plus shipping. Reply to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 73's -- Norm K9NK ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] Toroids frequency range and baluns
Hello All, There have been several e-mail threads recently about ferrite cores and about baluns and transmission line loss with high SWR. Related to this is a question that I haven't seen addressed anywhere - toroids all have a specified frequency range but what happens when they're used outside of that range? To be more specific, I have a multiband fan dipole fed with ladder line into a 4:1 current balun that then connects to my rig through about 5 feet of RG-8. I made the balun using a pair of T200-2 powder iron cores, which have a specified frequency range of 0.25 to 10 MHz. Since I'm using this single antenna from 160m to 10m, I'm way beyond the specified frequency range of the cores - is the balun likely to be very inefficient above it 10MHz? The antenna seems to work very well on 40m and 20m and OK on 15m. Since the band conditions haven't been particularly good in the last few years that I've been using this antenna, I can't tell whether my lack of many QSOs on 15m and above is due to inefficiencies in the balun or to band conditions? What do you think? Bob W1SRB ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 MCU 2.38 Software Bug?
Same here. I have the 10Khz FM, 2.7 and 1.8. Use the FM filter for AM rx. See the same behavior others are describing with 2.38. Rodger Original message Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2008 20:50:38 +0200 From: Steef PA2A [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 MCU 2.38 Software Bug? To: [EMAIL PROTECTED], elecraft@mailman.qth.net, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Don, I have found the same problem. I have the 6K, 2K8, 500, 400 and 250 Hz at the moment. All three narrow filters show LO 0.85 and HI 2.15 in AM mode. The BW shown during switching from HI to BW is 2.70 and not 500, 400 and 250 Hz as one would expect. I am wondering why the center frequency *1.50 always remains constant for all filters in SSB. When lowering the bandwidth to 1 KHz, signals can be heard best at a lower shift of about 0.65 KHz. With my K2 I used the CW audio filter at 550 Hz sometimes to copy SSB stations with adjacent strong signals. 73 's Steef PA2A K2 4654 K3 1184 - Original Message - From: Don Nesbitt [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 7:06 PM Subject: [Elecraft] K3 MCU 2.38 Software Bug? Basic Parameters: K3/100 with KRX3 - MCU 2.38, FPF 00.02, DSP1 1.90, DSP2 1.90 Main Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL3 = 2.1; FL4 = 400 Hz Sub RX Board: FL2 = 2.8; FL4 = 400 Hz AM Rx Enabled for FL2 Main and FL2 Sub AM Tx not Enabled I do NOT have a 6.00 AM Filter but am listening to AM through my 2.8 roofing filter - which sounds pretty good! Action: Set Mode to AM. Displayed Mode changes to AM and displayed XFIL changes to FL2 (which would be expected as I have a 2.8 in FL2 and it is enabled for AM receive) with High showing 3.00 and Low showing 0.00. BW shows 6.00. FC shows 1.50. Surprise Action - Possible Bug Now Tap XFIL button. Displayed XFIL stays on FL2 - but - bandwidth gets very narrow. High now shows 2.20 and Low shows 0.80. FC still shows 1.50 and BW now shows 2.8. But, the graphic display of bandwidth narrows to what would be shown if I had BW set to 400 Hz and the recovered AM audio sounds like it! The BW showing 400 Hz is as it should be since 2.20 - 0.80 is 400 Hz. Press and release NORM and I am back to where I started with Rx as it should. Even if I Normalize I and II so all is well and then do the tap the narrowing scenario repeats! What I've Tried: I've downloaded and sent All Firmware to K3 twice with the same result. I've used the K3 Utility Version 1.1.6.3 to verify the filter settings that I made in the Config Menu. I've used the K3 Utility to set the filters and verified them in the Config Menu. I don't know if this action occurred in previous versions as I've stayed up with all Beta releases but frankly never tapped the XFIL button before while listening to AM. Questions: Can anyone duplicate this seemingly strange action when in AM mode and tapping the XFIL button? If it can't be duplicated, any idea(s) what I've got set incorrectly? Is this simply a consequence of not having the 6 kHz AM filter and listening to AM with the 2.8? Thanks in advance. '73 es gud dxing -- Don N4HH K3/100/KRX3 #83 ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K3 - Numeric SWR Display
On Thu, 18 Sep 2008 09:44:42 -0700, Ron D'Eau Claire [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: That's true. Indeed, if you have an antenna tuner (built-in automatic or external manual) you don't even need to do that. That's what made them so popular in recent years; they fix impedance problems at the rig end without fiddling around with the antenna at all. The issue then becomes feed line loss. It can get quite high, especially at the higher frequencies and with longer lengths of coax. It's not unusual to throw away 50%, 75% or more of your RF as heat along a coaxial line that way. But, if your antenna is designed to provide a decent match, or if you've done some adjustments 'on the ground' that suggest you're at least approximately correct, you're not likely to experience such drastic losses even though things will change when the antenna is raised to its final position. Doing measurements up on a tower is one of the major reasons for the popularity of the modern antenna analyzers. They're self contained and small enough you can carry one up to the feed point. Most Hams only need to do that at rare intervals, which is why many Ham clubs have a club analyzer everyone's contributed to buying so members can borrow it on occasion. A much cheaper approach is, as Bill says, to cut some coax to a multiple of 1/2 wave, electrically. Then the impedance you see at the end on the ground will be the impedance at the antenna. The issue there is how many times do you want to climb the tower? Perhaps a buddy at the rig on the ground and you in the air with some HT's is the answer to that. Ron AC7AC -Original Message- [snip] I bought an AIM 4170 analyzer at the Ft Worth Hamfest this year and love it. When measuring antennas with it I calibrate the coax before making the antenna measurement with a piece of 100 ft RG213 on a ten foot mast. After I have done that I can measure the antenna as though the analyzer is attached to the terminals at the antenna. Then I put the antenna on the tower and measure it again with the same calibrated coax to find out what changed at the additional height. If it checks ok I connect the LMR600 to the antenna and call it good. Tom, N5GE - SWOT 3537 - Grid EM12jq Those who would give up Essential Liberty to purchase a little Temporary Safety deserve neither Liberty nor Safety An excerpt from a letter written in 1755 from the Assembly to the Governor of Pennsylvania. Support the entire Constitution, not just the parts you like. http://www.n5ge.com http://www.eQSL.cc/Member.cfm?N5GE ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K1 Boards Wanted
Looking for a built or unbuilt KFL1-2 (2 Band Module) OR KFL1-4 (4 Band Module) for the K1 - and any other unbuilt add on K1 kits you may have!! Please email me at [EMAIL PROTECTED] or call me on my cell at 770-377-6000 with asking price. Thanks Dan-KI4YZE -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Dave Zeph Sent: Sunday, September 14, 2008 12:39 PM To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K3 VFO A/B It’s obvious that these is a strong difference of opinion on how the AB Button should work. Rather than one group shove THEIR idea of how it SHOULD work down the other group’s throat it would seem that Elecraft would be well advised to terminate this discussion and make this user-configurable. 73--→ Dave, W9ZRX ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K3 will not transmit after being on AM BC band
Today I had been listening to a local AM station on 1250khz and after tuning up the band to 160 meters the transmitter would not transmit. I powered down and then back up and normal CW operation was restored. Is this normal or do I possibly have a problem? Using FW 2.38 TIA, de gary, kd9sv ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
[Elecraft] K2 freeze at startup... need advice
Hi everybody, I have my first major trouble since my building experience back in 2004. Now, everytime i power up my K2, I can see ELECRAFT and then the frequency. but everything is frozen after.. still get the frequency displayed, but no button, no function work. I also tried to reset the K2 to the factory default by holding 4-5-6 buttons. Got the 201 message then back to the ELECRAFT and the frequency. but still frozen Is it possible the the control board PIC got a static discharge or something like this !?!?!?! Thanks for your help. De Jean-François Ménard / VA2SS ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K2 freeze at startup... need advice
Jean, This is strange - the second case of similar behavior reported on the reflector today. Could it be a case of the 'phase of the moon'? When the K2 is in transmit state, the behavior will be as you describe - no buttons operate but the K2 displays the frequency. Check to see if your K2 is somehow stuck in transmit. The easiest way is to check the state of the 8R and 8T voltages. You can checkby measuring the DC voltage at the anodes of D6 and D7. During receive, the voltage at D6 anode should be about 8 volts and the voltage at D7 should be near zero volts. If the K2 is 'stuck in transmit', those voltages will be reversed. If your K2 is indeed 'stuck in transmit', try removing the key plug and the microphone - if something external is creating that transmit condition, it should be OK with those cables unplugged. 73, Don W3FPR Jean-François Ménard wrote: Hi everybody, I have my first major trouble since my building experience back in 2004. Now, everytime i power up my K2, I can see ELECRAFT and then the frequency. but everything is frozen after.. still get the frequency displayed, but no button, no function work. I also tried to reset the K2 to the factory default by holding 4-5-6 buttons. Got the 201 message then back to the ELECRAFT and the frequency. but still frozen Is it possible the the control board PIC got a static discharge or something like this !?!?!?! ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
RE: [Elecraft] K2 freeze at startup... need advice
Yep. That happened to me once when I had a short in the key line. After muttering mon Dieu! I started unplugging things and it started working Unplug the key and check again. Ron AC7AC -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Don Wilhelm Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 8:34 PM To: Jean-François Ménard Cc: elecraft@mailman.qth.net Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K2 freeze at startup... need advice Jean, This is strange - the second case of similar behavior reported on the reflector today. Could it be a case of the 'phase of the moon'? When the K2 is in transmit state, the behavior will be as you describe - no buttons operate but the K2 displays the frequency. Check to see if your K2 is somehow stuck in transmit. The easiest way is to check the state of the 8R and 8T voltages. You can checkby measuring the DC voltage at the anodes of D6 and D7. During receive, the voltage at D6 anode should be about 8 volts and the voltage at D7 should be near zero volts. If the K2 is 'stuck in transmit', those voltages will be reversed. If your K2 is indeed 'stuck in transmit', try removing the key plug and the microphone - if something external is creating that transmit condition, it should be OK with those cables unplugged. 73, Don W3FPR Jean-François Ménard wrote: Hi everybody, I have my first major trouble since my building experience back in 2004. Now, everytime i power up my K2, I can see ELECRAFT and then the frequency. but everything is frozen after.. still get the frequency displayed, but no button, no function work. I also tried to reset the K2 to the factory default by holding 4-5-6 buttons. Got the 201 message then back to the ELECRAFT and the frequency. but still frozen Is it possible the the control board PIC got a static discharge or something like this !?!?!?! ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K2 freeze at startup... need advice
OK, but I have nothing plugged, no key, no mic, nothing. But I will check 8R and 8T for sure I let you know guys. Thanks for now. Le 08-09-18 à 23:39, Ron D'Eau Claire a écrit : Yep. That happened to me once when I had a short in the key line. After muttering mon Dieu! I started unplugging things and it started working Unplug the key and check again. Ron AC7AC -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Don Wilhelm Sent: Thursday, September 18, 2008 8:34 PM To: Jean-François Ménard Cc: elecraft@mailman.qth.net Subject: Re: [Elecraft] K2 freeze at startup... need advice Jean, This is strange - the second case of similar behavior reported on the reflector today. Could it be a case of the 'phase of the moon'? When the K2 is in transmit state, the behavior will be as you describe - no buttons operate but the K2 displays the frequency. Check to see if your K2 is somehow stuck in transmit. The easiest way is to check the state of the 8R and 8T voltages. You can checkby measuring the DC voltage at the anodes of D6 and D7. During receive, the voltage at D6 anode should be about 8 volts and the voltage at D7 should be near zero volts. If the K2 is 'stuck in transmit', those voltages will be reversed. If your K2 is indeed 'stuck in transmit', try removing the key plug and the microphone - if something external is creating that transmit condition, it should be OK with those cables unplugged. 73, Don W3FPR Jean-François Ménard wrote: Hi everybody, I have my first major trouble since my building experience back in 2004. Now, everytime i power up my K2, I can see ELECRAFT and then the frequency. but everything is frozen after.. still get the frequency displayed, but no button, no function work. I also tried to reset the K2 to the factory default by holding 4-5-6 buttons. Got the 201 message then back to the ELECRAFT and the frequency. but still frozen Is it possible the the control board PIC got a static discharge or something like this !?!?!?! ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com De Jean-François Ménard / VA2SS ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
Re: [Elecraft] K2 freeze at startup... need advice
It seems that something let my K2 stuck in TX mode. I removed all module and put appropriate jumpers (unmod kit). Still in TX when powered ON. I checked this using my DL2 dummy load with my multimeter I always have output power !! Could it be a defective KEY jack that is jammed? I have nothing plugged.. Le 08-09-18 à 23:33, Don Wilhelm a écrit : Jean, This is strange - the second case of similar behavior reported on the reflector today. Could it be a case of the 'phase of the moon'? When the K2 is in transmit state, the behavior will be as you describe - no buttons operate but the K2 displays the frequency. Check to see if your K2 is somehow stuck in transmit. The easiest way is to check the state of the 8R and 8T voltages. You can checkby measuring the DC voltage at the anodes of D6 and D7. During receive, the voltage at D6 anode should be about 8 volts and the voltage at D7 should be near zero volts. If the K2 is 'stuck in transmit', those voltages will be reversed. If your K2 is indeed 'stuck in transmit', try removing the key plug and the microphone - if something external is creating that transmit condition, it should be OK with those cables unplugged. 73, Don W3FPR Jean-François Ménard wrote: Hi everybody, I have my first major trouble since my building experience back in 2004. Now, everytime i power up my K2, I can see ELECRAFT and then the frequency. but everything is frozen after.. still get the frequency displayed, but no button, no function work. I also tried to reset the K2 to the factory default by holding 4-5-6 buttons. Got the 201 message then back to the ELECRAFT and the frequency. but still frozen Is it possible the the control board PIC got a static discharge or something like this !?!?!?! De Jean-François Ménard / VA2SS ___ Elecraft mailing list Post to: Elecraft@mailman.qth.net You must be a subscriber to post to the list. Subscriber Info (Addr. Change, sub, unsub etc.): http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft Help: http://mailman.qth.net/subscribers.htm Elecraft web page: http://www.elecraft.com
