[Elecraft] Counterpoise

2018-09-07 Thread Frederick Dwight
I believe that most pedestrian mobile operators suggest walking away from the 
direction of your QSO when you utilize a dragging radial.  An elevated 
counterpoise would probably be the same.  Perhaps two decades ago I modeled 
single radials and counterpoises, and if my memory is correct I believe they 
all indicated that the wire should point in the general direction of your 
desired radiation.  The above statements assume your radiator is more or less 
vertical.  My (poor) models showed only a slight advantage in that 
direction….possibly only a very few dB.My portable antenna for my KX1 is 
usually a 17 foot radial laying on the ground and a 26 or 27 foot wire more or 
less vertical, or an inverted L.  This is a very satisfactory portable antenna 
for 40, 30, and 20 meters.  However not equal to my linked dipole with an apex 
up over about 25 feet which is heavier and harder to set up.  Sometimes if this 
17 foot wire is elevated, it will still tune all 3 bands, but sometimes I need 
a longer counterpoise wire to tune it up on 40 meters with the built in KX1 
tuner.  Probably 2, 3, or 4 symmetrical radials or counterpoise or radial wires 
would be the best solution if possible.  The single radial solution is a 
compromise which is often enough to get you on the air and make some (good ?) 
QSO’s.  Rick KL7CW

Sent from Mail for Windows 10

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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Guy Olinger K2AV
On Sun, Jul 1, 2012 at 7:01 PM, Fred Jensen  wrote:

> Theoretically, they
> shouldn't need a return path, however mine is much easier to cram power
> into with about 8 inches of wire hanging off the shield of the coax at
> the radio on 20m.  Oddly, EZNEC confirms it, YMMV.
>

Not sure whose theory you are quoting.  Some genre of portable tuning
networks require just a tiny bit of wire so there is actually someplace to
stuff electrons. Higher power levels will need more wire to stop arcing.  I
always tell people to hang a yard or meter of wire there if the network has
the the input from the transmitter isolated from the high impedance side.
EZNEC correctly calculates the "capacity to the cosmos" of the wire in the
model and knows whether it can be used as a counterpoise, which is what
that eight inches actually is if there is no path from the high Z side to
the transmitter side.  The easiest thing is to use as a counterpoise for an
EFHW is to solder a little flexible wire to a six inch nail, and stick it
into the ground.

73, Guy.
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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Ron D'Eau Claire
When I studied engineering (back when Marconi was a lad), a "dipole" was
defined as a 1/2 wavelength radiator. I realize that definition has softened
over the years, especially in the minds of Hams. Even engineering articles
often refer to a non-1/2 wavelength radiator as a "dipole" nowadays. That's
why I offered the comment to clarify that you were talking about a 1/2 wave
radiator.

73 Ron AC7AC 

-Original Message-
From: elecraft-boun...@mailman.qth.net
[mailto:elecraft-boun...@mailman.qth.net] On Behalf Of Don Wilhelm
Sent: Sunday, July 01, 2012 3:26 PM
To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

Actually Ron, the pure form of "dipole" is an antenna with two ends, but
typical usage refers to the half wavelength.
Yes, I did mean a 1/2 wavelength dipole - sorry for not being specific.

73,
Don W3FPR

On 7/1/2012 5:40 PM, Ron D'Eau Claire wrote:
> Note that Don said " RF Ground will be that point of zero RF voltage - 
> in a balanced dipole, it will be present right at the middle of the 
> center insulator."
>
> "Dipole" is the important word, meaning a radiator 1/2 wavelength 
> long. A full wave center fed antenna (two half waves in phase) will 
> have a voltage loop - high impedance point - at the center of the center
insulator.
>
> As the center fed antenna is made shorter than a 1/2 wave, the 
> impedance at the center also rises. Think of it as "stuffing part of 
> the antenna down the feed line" to make up a 1/2 wave.
>
> 73, Ron AC7AC
>
>
>
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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Fred Jensen
On 7/1/2012 11:49 AM, Ronald Nutter wrote:
> I am putting together a portable QRP kit that I can fly on a plane with
> me.  Looking at several different antennas.  With being a portable
> operation, what has worked best for some of you to ground the radio ?  I
> am seeing references to some of the antennas that they need a
> counterpoise wire.  Is this in addition to a ground wire ?

You might want to subscribe to the NA SOTA Yahoo Group Ron.  SOTA is 
"Summits On The Air," analogous to IOTA.  www.sota.org.uk is the main 
site.  www.sotawatch.org is the site where alerts and posts are made. 
Light, efficient portable antennas are a big subject among the 
Summiteers and there are people there who can probably point you in 
useful directions.

There are several folks in the NA SOTA crowd who use end-fed half-wave 
antennas on summits very successfully [Fred, KT5X is one].  You're 
feeding a very high impedance, so you need a matching network such as 
the one that Stu, KI6J, designs.  EFHW's have the advantage that they're 
just wire [mine is on a little reel, I just pull out to the mark for 
that band] so they're very light and simple.  Theoretically, they 
shouldn't need a return path, however mine is much easier to cram power 
into with about 8 inches of wire hanging off the shield of the coax at 
the radio on 20m.  Oddly, EZNEC confirms it, YMMV.

Another SOTA ham is Mike, KD9KC, in El Paso.  He's been using the 
AlexLoop magnetic loop antenna and has very good things to say about it. 
  It is a little pricy compared to a half wavelength of wire, but Mike 
carries his to some fairly high summits and on long hikes.  It shouldn't 
be that hard to build one from scratch.

If you're outside and worried about grounding for lightning, you 
shouldn't be outside. :-)  If your radio is battery powered, AC mains 
safety grounding isn't really an issue.  It's always a good idea to make 
sure the antenna connector has a high value resistor [~100K] across it 
to bleed precip and wind/dust static.

73,

Fred K6DGW
- Northern California Contest Club
- CU in the 2012 Cal QSO Party 6-7 Oct 2012
- www.cqp.org


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[Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire

2012-07-01 Thread Erik Basilier
This has largely been answered, but perhaps you would like a personal
perspective on the overall antenna choices with a summary of "grounding"
aspects.

 

There is an enormous number of possible antenna designs for portable use,
but the most popular types seem to be the end-fed conductor and the
center-fed conductor. A connection to the actual ground (soil) is not
recommended in any case. 

 

I like to think of end-fed conductors as "short" or "long". A "short" one is
one which is fed at or near a current maximum. A quarter wave is one
example, but shorter wires and even somewhat longer ones fall in this
category. A "long" end-fed conductor would be a half-wave, or something a
little shorter, or anything longer.

 

A "short" end-fed conductor is probably the lightest and most convenient
portable antenna. It does need a counterpoise, which is typically a single
wire about 1/8 to 1/4 wavelength long. You place the counterpoise on the
ground, or better, on top of some bushes. You can do the same with the
antenna wire itself, but you will get better results if you have a support
to elevate the far end. A tree is good if there is one available. A light
fiberglass pole is less suitable, as these tend to be very flexible, and the
top bends with the one-sided load. Another approach is to use a stiff
conductor that supports itself. I like my BuddiPole used as a vertical
conductor (with or without any loading coil; don't be afraid to use a
loading coil if you want to; if the radiator is less than 1/4 wavelenght the
tuner in your radio will act as a loading coil anyway.) Any stiff conductor
can be used in the same way.

 

A "long" end-fed conductor also generally needs a counterpoise, and the same
considerations apply, but with some nuances. With the "short" antenna the
maximum antenna current will be at the feedpoint, which means low elevation.
The "long" antenna will have one or more current maxima higher up. I haven't
done side-by-side comparison, or even comparative modelling, but I believe
you can expect better performance when you get the current maximum or maxima
up higher above ground rather than right at the radio. Another nuance: As
the antenna becomes much longer than 1/2 wavelength, it becomes less
desirable to have it oriented vertically if you are interested in dx. A
sloping wire is good. A special case is when the "long" wire is 1/2
wavelength or multiples thereof. You then have a very high feed impedance.
You may then need a special matching unit rather than the standard tuner in
the radio, but otoh the feed current will be very small, and the
counterpoise can probably be shorter than usual.

 

The center-fed radiators don't need a counterpoise, or you can view one half
as the counterpoise. You can get by with one support in the middle, and the
mechanical load is symmetrical, so a very light pole will work for a wire
dipole. With this configuration you won't have a current maximum at ground
level.

 

My personal experience is mostly with "short" wires and center-fed wires or
stiff radiators. All of them work, but I tend to have better results with
the center-feds than the short end-feds. Long end-feds may be the best if
your support can handle the one-sided pull.

 

Erik K7TV

 

>I am putting together a portable QRP kit that I can fly on a plane with me.
Looking at several different antennas.  With being a portable operation,
what has worked best for some of you to ground the radio ?  I am seeing
references to some of the antennas that they need a counterpoise wire.  Is
this in addition to a ground wire ?

 

Ron

KA4KYI

 

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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Don Wilhelm
Actually Ron, the pure form of "dipole" is an antenna with two ends, but 
typical usage refers to the half wavelength.
Yes, I did mean a 1/2 wavelength dipole - sorry for not being specific.

73,
Don W3FPR

On 7/1/2012 5:40 PM, Ron D'Eau Claire wrote:
> Note that Don said " RF Ground will be that point of zero RF voltage - in a
> balanced dipole, it will be present right at the middle of the center
> insulator."
>
> "Dipole" is the important word, meaning a radiator 1/2 wavelength long. A
> full wave center fed antenna (two half waves in phase) will have a voltage
> loop - high impedance point - at the center of the center insulator.
>
> As the center fed antenna is made shorter than a 1/2 wave, the impedance at
> the center also rises. Think of it as "stuffing part of the antenna down the
> feed line" to make up a 1/2 wave.
>
> 73, Ron AC7AC
>
>
>
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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Don Wilhelm
The "classic zepp" antenna lives on in VHF circles, and is known as a 
J-Pole.  Turn the Zepp vertically and you have a J-pole.  The major 
difference is the J-pole feed - the 1/4 wave transmission line section 
is shorted at the bottom and teh 50 ohm feedline is connected up a bit 
where the impedance is 50 ohms.

73,
Don W3FPR

On 7/1/2012 5:40 PM, Ron D'Eau Claire wrote:
> That was the beauty of the Zeppelin antenna (the true "Zepp") A half wave
> radiator is end fed through 1/4 wavelength of open wire line. One side of
> the line connected to the radiator and  the other side connected to nothing
> - just an insulator. Since very little current flows at the feed point, the
> balance in the line is still good. The 1/4 wavelength of line converted the
> high impedance at the radiator to a low impedance at the rig. Of course
> that's only true at one frequency for a given length of radiator and feed
> line.
>
>

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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Ron D'Eau Claire
Yes, feeding any radiator at a voltage loop (high impedance point)
eliminates the need for an RF ground return for high efficiency. After all,
at a voltage loop very little current flows so there is little need for a
return for ground currents to flow! 

However, the rig may tend to "float" up to the same high RF voltage as the
antenna, making the rig subject to "hand capacity" effects, providing RF
"bites" or burns when touching equipment and, with modern solid state gear,
can cause rectified RF to produce undesired results. 

But in that case even a relatively poor "ground" will usually tame the
situation.

That was the beauty of the Zeppelin antenna (the true "Zepp") A half wave
radiator is end fed through 1/4 wavelength of open wire line. One side of
the line connected to the radiator and  the other side connected to nothing
- just an insulator. Since very little current flows at the feed point, the
balance in the line is still good. The 1/4 wavelength of line converted the
high impedance at the radiator to a low impedance at the rig. Of course
that's only true at one frequency for a given length of radiator and feed
line. 

Ron AC7AC

-Original Message-
From: elecraft-boun...@mailman.qth.net
[mailto:elecraft-boun...@mailman.qth.net] On Behalf Of Ariel Jacala
Sent: Sunday, July 01, 2012 1:36 PM
To: Ronald Nutter
Cc: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

We have had great success with end fed half wave dipoles made by LNR
Precision without the need for counter poise wires nor even tuners.
Specifically we have used the 40-20-10 multi and version which we used for
field day this year.  When properly tuned at first use, the SWR have been
below 1.5 for the bands it was designed for.  I use it all the time with KX1
without the need for an ATU.  I have made plenty of contacts into eastern
Europe which is better than a 1000 miles per watt on a KX1 when used as a
vertical or near vertical sloper. 

Google Par end fed 40-20-10 and look at the reviews on eHam.

Ariel NY4G

Sent from my iPad

On Jul 1, 2012, at 2:50 PM, "Ronald Nutter" 
wrote:

> I am putting together a portable QRP kit that I can fly on a plane 
> with me.  Looking at several different antennas.  With being a 
> portable operation, what has worked best for some of you to ground the 
> radio ?  I am seeing references to some of the antennas that they need 
> a counterpoise wire.  Is this in addition to a ground wire ?
> 
> Ron
> KA4KYI
> __
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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Ron D'Eau Claire
Note that Don said " RF Ground will be that point of zero RF voltage - in a
balanced dipole, it will be present right at the middle of the center
insulator." 

"Dipole" is the important word, meaning a radiator 1/2 wavelength long. A
full wave center fed antenna (two half waves in phase) will have a voltage
loop - high impedance point - at the center of the center insulator. 

As the center fed antenna is made shorter than a 1/2 wave, the impedance at
the center also rises. Think of it as "stuffing part of the antenna down the
feed line" to make up a 1/2 wave.

73, Ron AC7AC 



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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Don Wilhelm
I agree that the PAR EndFedz antennas are good and easy to put up.
The reason the PAR EndFedz can use no counterpoise wire has to do with 
the return connection for the tuning network - it is connected to the 
coax shield.  That means the coax shield is doing double duty - the 
outside is acting as the counterpoise while the inside is carrying the 
RF current.
For End Fed Halfwave Antennas that do not have a connection like that, 
the use of a short (0.05 wavelength) counterpoise is required to make it 
work.  For more informationm check out the information by AA5TB at 
http://www.aa5tb.com/efha.html.

73,
Don W3FPR

On 7/1/2012 4:36 PM, Ariel Jacala wrote:
> We have had great success with end fed half wave dipoles made by LNR 
> Precision without the need for counter poise wires nor even tuners.  
> Specifically we have used the 40-20-10 multi and version which we used for 
> field day this year.  When properly tuned at first use, the SWR have been 
> below 1.5 for the bands it was designed for.  I use it all the time with KX1 
> without the need for an ATU.  I have made plenty of contacts into eastern 
> Europe which is better than a 1000 miles per watt on a KX1 when used as a 
> vertical or near vertical sloper.
>
> Google Par end fed 40-20-10 and look at the reviews on eHam.
>
> Ariel NY4G
>
>

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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Ariel Jacala
We have had great success with end fed half wave dipoles made by LNR Precision 
without the need for counter poise wires nor even tuners.  Specifically we have 
used the 40-20-10 multi and version which we used for field day this year.  
When properly tuned at first use, the SWR have been below 1.5 for the bands it 
was designed for.  I use it all the time with KX1 without the need for an ATU.  
I have made plenty of contacts into eastern Europe which is better than a 1000 
miles per watt on a KX1 when used as a vertical or near vertical sloper. 

Google Par end fed 40-20-10 and look at the reviews on eHam.

Ariel NY4G

Sent from my iPad

On Jul 1, 2012, at 2:50 PM, "Ronald Nutter"  wrote:

> I am putting together a portable QRP kit that I can fly on a plane with 
> me.  Looking at several different antennas.  With being a portable 
> operation, what has worked best for some of you to ground the radio ?  I 
> am seeing references to some of the antennas that they need a 
> counterpoise wire.  Is this in addition to a ground wire ?
> 
> Ron
> KA4KYI
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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Sandy
Counterpoise wires  OR  radials are a big help.  They usually work better if 
elevated a foot or so, but this can be a dangerous situation to passers by 
AND operator of the station as well!  Kids will ALWAYS get fouled up in them 
unless you are somewhere that is isolated from the usual inquisitive passer 
by.  Length?  that varies with ground you lay them on, conductivity of the 
soil, many arcane factors!  I used to use at least 3 laid on ground made 
from "loud" striped small guage hookup wire.  The MIL-SPEC stuff that is 
usually white with red/yellow/black tracer stripes.  If you work the "low 
bands" (80/40/30 meters)  placement sometimes get harder than shorter wires 
that can be used for higher bands (20-10 meters).  SOmetimes a 30-40 foot 
long radiator will suffice for general use although I like to use an 85-90 
foot "antenna" for 80/40, and the shorter 30-40 footer for the higher bands. 
Vertical or an "inverted L".  Have been using an MFJ 33' telescopic 
fibreglass mast that is easy to transport and can be erected and lashed with 
bungee to a garden type hand tiller tool that can be easily "planted" in 
ground with no rocks.  Trees, hedges can be used for supports of there is no 
other way to suspend the wire.  A small "L" section tuner can be easily 
constructed with a common dual 365 pf tuning capacitor and a coil wound on 
PVC pipe with make a handy antenna tuner  (required in ALL instances!)   You 
will be surprised at what you can do with QRP and jury rig antennas! 
Nothing beats having several coiled up bundles of hookup wire in various 
lengths (16, 33,  45,  85,  120') for the "radials" or the radiators.  Some 
of the "Buddy pole" setups seem to work well sometimes not!  For the most 
part  I've found them to be more of a bother to erect and use and work no 
better than the right length radiator and counterpoise system at a fraction 
of the price of a BUddypole.  No two locations are the same, so it is VERY 
difficult to describe what will work and what doesn't.
I have worked DX like mad on 20 meters around midnight when the band is open 
with 5 watts QRP in a wood frame house with a 20' length of hookup wire 
hanging from push pin tacks at the junction of ceiling and wall. 
Counterpoise in this case, a wire running around the baseboard of the room. 
The "key" is trying it and you will find out what does and what doesn't 
work.  I have had some very good results from the Elecraft T1 mini auto 
tuner working with my K1.  The T1 has a MUCH greater matching range than the 
internal KAT1 tuner by the way!

Long and short  of it is I always use "some" kind of counterpoise/radial 
system, even if only one wire.  Always use an "end fed" radiator that goes 
right to the "hot" terminal of the tuner output.  No coax, no twinlead which 
is an awful liability mechanically to work with.  Small light coax can have 
awful losses on an untuned dipole which can be a disaster when you are 
playing with 5 watts or less.  Keep it light, keep it simple and EXPERIMENT. 
NO two setups are the same!

73,

Sandy W5TVW
Used to use HW-7, HW-8, HW-9 portable, Ten Tec "PM" series DC rigs, Tec Tec 
Argonaut, homebrewed stuff.  My favorite still is the Elecraft K1!

-Original Message- 
From: Ronald Nutter
Sent: Sunday, July 01, 2012 1:49 PM
To: elecraft@mailman.qth.net
Subject: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

I am putting together a portable QRP kit that I can fly on a plane with
me.  Looking at several different antennas.  With being a portable
operation, what has worked best for some of you to ground the radio ?  I
am seeing references to some of the antennas that they need a
counterpoise wire.  Is this in addition to a ground wire ?

Ron
KA4KYI
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Re: [Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Don Wilhelm
Ron (and all),

Normally grounds are installed for safety.  If you are portable, you 
normally do not need a ground because there is no connection to the AC 
power lines.

I am fairly certain you will not be operating portable with antennas 
connected when there is lightning close enough to be harmful, so no need 
for a lightning ground.

That leaves an RF Ground - and contrary to amateur myth one does not 
achieve an RF Ground by connecting to mother earth - an RF Ground will 
be present at some point in any antenna system - just due to the 
characteristics of physics.  RF Ground will be that point of zero RF 
voltage - in a balanced dipole, it will be present right at the middle 
of the center insulator.

So the short answer is -- if the particular antenna needs a counterpoise 
wire to control the impedance and balance of the antenna system, then 
add it.  RF does need a "return path" (different than RF Ground), and 
the RF will make its own return path if one is not provided.  It may be 
the coax shield, the transmitter enclosure, etc. if no planned and 
proper return path is provided.

73,
Don W3FPR

On 7/1/2012 2:49 PM, Ronald Nutter wrote:
> I am putting together a portable QRP kit that I can fly on a plane with
> me.  Looking at several different antennas.  With being a portable
> operation, what has worked best for some of you to ground the radio ?  I
> am seeing references to some of the antennas that they need a
> counterpoise wire.  Is this in addition to a ground wire ?
>
>

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[Elecraft] Counterpoise vs ground wire ?

2012-07-01 Thread Ronald Nutter
I am putting together a portable QRP kit that I can fly on a plane with 
me.  Looking at several different antennas.  With being a portable 
operation, what has worked best for some of you to ground the radio ?  I 
am seeing references to some of the antennas that they need a 
counterpoise wire.  Is this in addition to a ground wire ?

Ron
KA4KYI
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[Elecraft] Counterpoise article

2008-02-20 Thread Ken Kopp

There is an exhaustive article about the counterpoise,
written by L.B. Cebik (W4RNL) in the Winter 2008 issue 
of the QRP QUARTERLY.


73! Ken Kopp - K0PP
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
or
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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