RE: Disk based file system cache

2001-09-24 Thread Charles Randall

As a side note, Irix and Solaris provide cachefs for this purpose and use
NFS filesystems as examples (others examples may include CD-ROM, etc). 

Charles

-Original Message-
From: David Malone [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Monday, September 24, 2001 8:26 AM
To: Attila Nagy
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Disk based file system cache


On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 01:07:00PM +0200, Attila Nagy wrote:
 I'm just curious: is it possible to set up an NFS server and a client
 where the client has very big (28 GB maximum for FreeBSD?) swap area on
 multiple disks and caches the NFS exported data on it?
 This could save a lot of bandwidth on the NFS server and also redues load
 on that.

This would really be more than NFS is supposed to do. There other
filesystems which can do this sort of thing - I think Coda might
be one of them.

David.

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RE: How to force small TCP packets?

2001-09-10 Thread Charles Randall

Out of curiosity, can ipfw+dummynet do something like this?

-Original Message-
From: Jonathan Lemon [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Monday, September 10, 2001 1:35 PM
To: Julian Elischer
Cc: Jonathan Lemon; [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: How to force small TCP packets?


On Mon, Sep 10, 2001 at 12:43:15PM -0700, Julian Elischer wrote:
 just set the MTU on the sender to something really small (120 byres)

No.  The data gets coalesced in the socket receive buffer on the other
end, remember?  So depending on how fast things are running, there may
or may not be enough data present to satisfy the 100 byte read, which
is proably the edge case he is attempting to debug.
-- 
Jonathan

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Portability of #warning in /usr/include

2001-08-27 Thread Charles Randall

I've noted that several include files in /usr/include use the C preprocessor
#warning directive. This isn't standard C and prevents some software from
compiling using a compiler like TenDRA. What's the current opinion on this?

Charles

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RE: secure Filesystem

2001-08-27 Thread Charles Randall

Also note that the version available in ports/packages for FreeBSD 4.x is
CFS v1.4.0b2. CFS v1.4.1 is available on Matt Blaze's site.

http://www.crypto.com/software/

However, the documentation doesn't seem to indicate what may have changed
between these versions.

I found this while looking for pointers to compressible file systems (before
anyone warms up their flame thrower, they're still of good use for some
applications even though disk is real cheap). Any leads there? I couldn't
find anything.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Konstantin Chuguev [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Thursday, August 16, 2001 3:19 AM
To: Josef Karthauser
Cc: Vladimir Terziev; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: secure Filesystem


Josef Karthauser wrote:

 Does FreeBSD support any type of secure (encrypted) filesystem?

 Look at /usr/ports/security/cfs.  It's a useland crypto-filesystem that
 runs over NFS.


I'd say, it's a daemon pretending to be an NFS server. It's running locally
on port other than NFS.

Very nice implementation, I use it a lot. A small problem with it is that
it seems to support 7-bit file names only.


--
 * *   Konstantin Chuguev   Francis House
  *  * Application Engineer 112 Hills Road
*  Tel: +44 1223 302992 Cambridge CB2 1PQ
D  A  N  T  E  WWW: http://www.dante.netUnited Kingdom




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RE: shared memory models/techniques

2001-08-27 Thread Charles Randall

Are your processes all created by fork() or are they unrelated? If they're
all descendants of the same process, take a look at the GNU mm library
(which is loosely based on structure of the mm_malloc library I wrote for my
company but couldn't release).

http://www.engelschall.com/sw/mm/

If they're unrelated, you'll have to use SysV.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: fergus [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Saturday, August 18, 2001 4:57 AM
To: hackers
Subject: shared memory models/techniques


hope this is an ok place to post this.

as far as i can tell there are three ways to share memory between processes
-
using mmap, ipc shared mem or skip it using threads instead.

is this right?

basically i have a server process accepting many connections  i was using
threads, however, it doesn't really make sense processes would probably be
simpler with shared mem.  i was going to use IPC but don't like building
uncessesary dependancies (i.e. it's a kernel option).

is mmap the best way to do this?  why would you use ipc instead?

. . . and finally (milking the assistance to the last) is there a really
simple app using shared mem resources that anyone knows about so i can
butcher
it?

thanks in advance.

fergus

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RE: How to visit physical memory above 4G?

2001-08-03 Thread Charles Randall

From: Terry Lambert [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
I have yet to see one person using it for anything.  So far,
it is nothing more than marketing fodder: I haven't seen one
motherboard capable of more than 4G worth of SIMMs.

The Dell PowerEdge 6450 supports 8 GB of RAM.

http://www.dell.com/us/en/biz/products/model_pedge_pedge_6400.htm

If I understand your comments in a few follow-up messages correctly you're
saying that this effort may be better spent by working on an IA-64 port and
making it support large memory configurations?

Can you elaborate?

-Charles


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RE: Intel ISP1100 or similar 1U experience with 4.3 stable

2001-07-11 Thread Charles Randall

Don't know how this ended up on -hackers, but...

The 1U server market is indeed hot (pun intended).

Take a look at the new 1400 series from iXsystems (www.ixsystems.net --
formerly BSDi, formerly Telenet) and the Dell 1550. I've tested both systems
and was impressed by both. If you're buying more than a few machines, Dell
has some very aggressive pricing.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Wednesday, July 11, 2001 12:24 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Intel ISP1100 or similar 1U experience with 4.3 stable


In a message dated 07/10/2001 11:54:26 PM Eastern Daylight Time, [EMAIL PROTECTED]

writes

Its generally a bad idea to house a multi-processor system in a 1U
enclosure, 
as there isnt enough cooling space and 3/4 fans are simply not powerful 
enough. Unless space is ridiculously scarce, you can get much better cooling

and reliability with a 2U unit. 

B

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RE: Intel ISP1100 or similar 1U experience with 4.3 stable

2001-07-11 Thread Charles Randall

From: R.P. Aditya [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

What I'd like to see is a box like the Sun Netra x1

  http://www.sun.com/products-n-solutions/hw/networking/netrax/

that I can run FreeBSD on --

- single PII 233
- 1U (compact) 19 rack-mountable
- no video, just RJ-45 RS232 port
- 2 onboard 10/100 ethernets
- 1 IDE drive is fine
- 256MB of RAM

for $995.

Not an exact match, but try looking at the iXsystems 1250 for ~$1089
(probably cheaper if you buy more than one) at http://www.ixsystems.net/

-Charles

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RE: Sysadmin article

2001-06-15 Thread Charles Randall

From: Robert Watson [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
There was some discussion of this on freebsd-advocacy yesterday
and today, and it sounded like it came down to poor tuning (not
enabling soft updates, et al) in combination with a heavy reliance
on threading, where we currently don't do so well.

Did anyone offer to contact Lyris directly to identify a configuration which
would have fared better in their tests? Since their application is available
for FreeBSD, it is in our best interests for to help them out.

-Charles


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RE: technical comparison

2001-05-24 Thread Charles Randall

From: Greg Black [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
And if this imaginary program is going to do that, it's equally
easy to use a multilevel directory structure and that will make
the life of all users of the system simpler.  There's no real
excuse for directories with millions (or even thousands) of
files.

While I agree completely that there's no excuse for applications that behave
like that, a filesystem that scales well under these harsh conditions will
serve us all better in the long run.

Charles

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RE: real time

2001-05-04 Thread Charles Randall

Here's one starting point,

http://www.rtmx.com/

They offer extensions to OpenBSD.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Joao Carlos [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Thursday, May 03, 2001 11:59 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: real time


Does FreeBSD has any related work about it as an real time operating
system?
Where can i find information about that ??

---
Joao Carlos
[EMAIL PROTECTED]


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RE: write() vs aio_write()

2001-04-30 Thread Charles Randall

Regarding aio_*, Alfred Perlstein writes:
It's a good idea to use it for disk IO, probably not a good
idea for network IO.

Could you elaborate?

-Charles

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RE: Network throughput tuning

2001-04-05 Thread Charles Randall

Try using netperf (http://www.netperf.org/) too. I've found it to be an
extremely valuable tool.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Niek Bergboer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Thursday, April 05, 2001 4:35 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Network throughput tuning


Hi,

I run two systems on an intranet. The intranet itself is rather large,
but the two machines in question are connected to the same 100 Mbps/FDX 
switch. I would like to optimize network throughput for Machine 1.

Machine 1 is a AMD K6-2 233 w/ 64 MB RAM running FreeBSD 4.2-STABLE from
around mid march and has a dc NIC. Machine 2 is a dual Celeron 466 running
Linux 2.4.2, and also has a dc NIC ("de4x5" driver in Linux terms).

In order to measure network throughput, I make sure _not_ to use the
disk I/O subsystem and issue the following commands:

machine1:~$ rsh machine2 dd if=/dev/zero bs=1048576 count=128  /dev/null
(Linux doesn't understand bs=1m)
which yields between 9.0 and 9.2 MB/s which looks good.

machine2:~$ rsh machine1 dd if=/dev/zero bs=1m count=128  /dev/null
gets me between 7.6 and 7.8 MB/s while this used to be 8.4 MB/s when
machine1 was still running Linux.

In short: the BSD machine receives 9.1 MB/s and sends 7.7 MB/s. Not that
I'm complaining, and the lower send rate may well be due to the Linux
box not handling the incoming stream well, but my question is: Did I 
do _everything_ on the BSD box to ensure maximum throughput?

The tuning I did is:

sysctl -w kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=2097152
sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1
sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.sendspace=1048576
sysctl -w net.inet.tcp.recvspace=1048576

Thanks in advance,

Niek

-- 
Conscience doth make cowards of us all.
-- Shakespeare

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gcc optimization problems (RE: optimizing apache with php and nfs mounts)

2001-03-13 Thread Charles Randall

From: David O'Brien [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
2.  The base, system C compiler is known to produce bad code with -O2.
We have been proclaiming this since as long as I have been with the
Project.

Is this an issue with FreeBSD's gcc's or gcc in general? If gcc in general,
are there open PRs on this issue?

Charles

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RE: Machines are getting too damn fast

2001-03-06 Thread Charles Randall

From: Matt Dillon [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
My understanding is that Intel focused on FP performance in the P4,
and that it is very, very good at it.  I dunno how to test it though.

GCC generally does not produce very good code, but I would expect that
it would get reasonably close in regards to FP because Intel's FP 
instruction set is a good fit with it.

Which begs the question I've tried to ask a number of times in different
forums. Who's working on P4 optimizations and code generation for the P4?

Sure, i386 code will run but the benchmarks seem to indicate that peak
performance is heavily dependent on a good optimizing compiler.

A query to the gcc mailing list returned no responses.

Charles

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RE: RE: Machines are getting too damn fast

2001-03-06 Thread Charles Randall

Noted.

Is there a gcc PR associated with this?

http://gcc.gnu.org/cgi-bin/gnatsweb.pl

A GNATS searc for "freebsd kernel" didn't return anything.

-Charles

-Original Message-
From: Matt Dillon [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Tuesday, March 06, 2001 11:44 AM
To: Charles Randall
Cc: Andrew Gallatin; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: RE: Machines are getting too damn fast


:Which begs the question I've tried to ask a number of times in different
:forums. Who's working on P4 optimizations and code generation for the P4?

I'd be happy if GCC -O2 just worked without introducing bugs.  I want to
be able to compile the kernel with it again.

-Matt

:Sure, i386 code will run but the benchmarks seem to indicate that peak
:performance is heavily dependent on a good optimizing compiler.
:
:A query to the gcc mailing list returned no responses.
:
:Charles



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RE: known pthread bug?

2001-02-08 Thread Charles Randall

Does this update ERRATA.TXT on the FTP site too?

ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/4.2-RELEASE/ERRATA.TXT

-Charles

-Original Message-
From: Jordan Hubbard [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Tuesday, February 06, 2001 11:03 PM
To: Charles Randall
Cc: 'Alfred Perlstein'; Paul D. Schmidt; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: known pthread bug? 


 Why isn't ERRATA updated to reflect this? Should there be a "Known and
 acknowledged bugs" section in ERRATA?

The entire ERRATA is essentially a section like you describe, it just
doesn't always get updated. :-(

If any of the CVS committers see an errata-worthy item go by in the
repository, they're free to edit
www/en/releases/${release}/errata.sgml any time by the way.  It's
something I've certainly always tried to do when I had the time,
but I don't always have the time right now.

- Jordan


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RE: known pthread bug?

2001-02-06 Thread Charles Randall

From: Alfred Perlstein [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

1) 4.2 RELEASE has known pthreads bugs, you should upgrade to -stable.

This is the second time I've seen this mentioned on -hackers. How is a poor,
unsuspecting soul^Wdeveloper supposed to know this?

Why isn't ERRATA updated to reflect this? Should there be a "Known and
acknowledged bugs" section in ERRATA?

Charles


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RE: Extremely large (70TB) File system/server planning

2001-02-05 Thread Charles Randall

Does this have to be a single filesystem?

If not, just provide a database front-end that maps some kind of resource
identifier to the filesystem name.

With that, you can span filers and/or filesystems. Seems like the only thing
that would be reasonable.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Mike Smith [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Monday, February 05, 2001 1:52 PM
To: Matt Dillon
Cc: Michael C . Wu; Mitch Collinsworth; [EMAIL PROTECTED];
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Extremely large (70TB) File system/server planning 


 
 :|  The files are accessed approximately 3 or 4 times a day on average.
 :|  Older files are archived for reference purpose and may never
 :|  be accessed after a week.
 :| 
 :| Ok, this is a start.  Now is the 70 TB the size of the active files?
 :| Or does that also include the older archived files that may never be
 :| accessed again?
 :70TB is the size of the sum of all files, access or no access.
 :(They still want to maintain accessibility even though the chances are
slim.)
...
 This doesn't sound like something you can just throw together with
 off-the-shelf PCs and still have something reliable to show for it.
 You need a big honking RAID system - maybe a NetApp, maybe something
 else.  You have to look at the filesystem and file size limitations
 of the unit and the client(s).

You can't do this with a NetApp either; they max out at about 6TB now 
(going up to around 12 or so soon).  You might want to talk to EMC and/or 
IBM, both of whom have *extremely* large filers.

Your friend may also want to look at Traakan, who have a novel product in 
this space.

-- 
... every activity meets with opposition, everyone who acts has his
rivals and unfortunately opponents also.  But not because people want
to be opponents, rather because the tasks and relationships force
people to take different points of view.  [Dr. Fritz Todt]
   V I C T O R Y   N O T   V E N G E A N C E




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RE: IP Address Overtaking

2001-01-23 Thread Charles Randall

Server B takes over a virtual IP address of server A when server A fails.

-Original Message-
From: Dan Langille [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Tuesday, January 23, 2001 12:31 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: IP Address Overtaking


DZ wrote:

 I could not find any non-commercial IP Address overtaking solution for
 FreeBSD so I wrote this simple shell script.  If you find it useful you
can
 use it.

What is "IP Address
overtaking"?

-
This message was sent using Endymion MailMan.
http://www.endymion.com/products/mailman/




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RE: Clustering FreeBSD

2001-01-16 Thread Charles Randall

The first question I have when someone brings this up is, "please define
what you mean by clustering". There are multiple interpretations. Can you
elaborate?

-Charles

-Original Message-
From: Jamie Heckford [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Tuesday, January 16, 2001 10:37 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Clustering FreeBSD


Hi,

Does anyone have any details of Open Source, or software included
with FreeBSD that allows the clustering of FreeBSD?

I have 55 racks sitting here to play with, and want to start doing
some serious work (for me anyway!) with fBSD

Plz. let me know! :)

Thanks,

-- 
Jamie Heckford
Chief Network Engineer
Psi-Domain - Innovative Linux Solutions. Ask Us How.

=
email:  [EMAIL PROTECTED]
web:http://www.psi-domain.co.uk/

tel:+44 (0)1737 789 246
fax:+44 (0)1737 789 245
mobile: +44 (0)7866 724 224 

=



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RE: encrypt h/w for FreeBSD?

2001-01-05 Thread Charles Randall

nCipher's nFast card supports FreeBSD 3.3 and 3.4.

http://www.ncipher.com/products/nfast_specs.html

-Charles

-Original Message-
From: Len Conrad [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Friday, January 05, 2001 3:12 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: encrypt h/w for FreeBSD?


Sorry, got no answer in -questions.

Just my quarterly check to see whether there's support coming up for 
hardware assisted IPsec, SSL, whatever?

In addition to SSL on web servers, we'd recently have found some need 
like to run TLS for SMTP and postfix.

Thanks,
Len



http://BIND8NT.MEIway.com : Binary for ISC BIND 8.2.3 T9B for NT4  W2K
http://IMGate.MEIway.com  : Build free, hi-perf, anti-spam mail gateways



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RE: threadsafe name resolution

2000-08-09 Thread Charles Randall

Is there a reason that ADNS won't work for this?

http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~ian/adns/

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Dan Moschuk [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Wednesday, August 09, 2000 10:51 AM
To: Greg Thompson
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: threadsafe name resolution



| i've just received confirmation from the author of the KAME resolution
code 
| that it isn't at all thread safe:
| 
| Sure.  As noted in name6.c, thread related stuff is not implemented yet.
| Since our resolver code based on bind4 doesn't aware thread safeness,
| all I can do now would be only putting mutex, anyway.
| 
| sure enough, name6.c says:
| 
| /*
| * TODO for thread safe
| * use mutex for _hostconf, _hostconf_init.
| * rewrite resolvers to be thread safe
| */
| 
| now, i'd say that it's fairly important for some form of threadsafe name 
| resolution to exist.  until the KAME code is fixed, how about adding in
the 
| ipv4 _r methods that have been discussed from time to time?  or, at the
very 
| least, put something in the manpage for getipnodebyname and friends 
| indicating that the funcs are not threadsafe.
| 
| as you can probably tell, i wasted several hours worth of work bumping
into 
| this problem.

The problem lies deeper than that.  Calls like gethostbyname() and friends
are not threadsafe either, as they use an internal struct hostent and return
a pointer to it (that another thread would happily clobber with its own
data).  Thread-happy functions we're supposed to be added by the Vixie
people,
and since I haven't checked up on it in about a year, they could be in
there by now, but since we use BINDs name-resolver library, it's a contrib/
issue and our policy isn't to hack up the contrib/ tree.

Of course, the door is always open for you to write the code and submit
it to the bind team. 8)

-Dan
-- 
Man is a rational animal who always loses his temper when he is called
upon to act in accordance with the dictates of reason.
-- Oscar Wilde


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RE: Gigabit ethernet

2000-08-02 Thread Charles Randall

These pages should answer all of your questions.

http://people.freebsd.org/~wpaul/Alteon/
http://people.freebsd.org/~wpaul/SysKonnect/

I went with the NetGear GA-620 because it was cheap.

In retrospect (after talking with Bill Paul), I should have probably gone
with the Alteon AceNIC or the 3com 3c985. They both have 1 MB of SRAM
compared to the 512 KB in the NetGear. To quote Bill, "The Netgear card is
inexpensive for a reason. :)"

Charles


-Original Message-
From: Josef Grosch [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Wednesday, August 02, 2000 10:15 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Gigabit ethernet



Simple question:

Which Gigabit ethernet card works best with FreeBSD?


Josef   

-- 
Josef Grosch   | Another day closer to a |FreeBSD 4.1
[EMAIL PROTECTED] |   Micro$oft free world  | UNIX for the masses



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RE: Funky scheduler stuff under heavy I/O.

2000-07-24 Thread Charles Randall

Could it be a boundary condition when the PCI bus gets saturated?

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Andreas Dobloug [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Monday, July 24, 2000 8:36 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Funky scheduler stuff under heavy I/O.


* Jaye Mathisen
| 8 parallel DD's started at the same type creating 2GB cycbuffs (as fast as
|  can put them in the background).  (dd if=/dev/zero bs=1m count=2000
| of=blahblah)
| 
| Any brilliant ideas?

I've also experienced this on my scsi-drives (dual P2-350,
adaptec2940u2w controller). When doing extensive writes, this always
happens. The scan-rate (reported by vmstat) goes sky high, and the
system becomes unresponsive.

-- 
Andreas Dobloug : email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]


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RE: Can anyone recommend a good clustering software?

2000-07-11 Thread Charles Randall

First you need to describe what you mean by clustering. It means different
things to different people.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Frederik Meerwaldt [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Tuesday, July 11, 2000 8:18 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Can anyone recommend a good clustering software?


Hi all,

as this is a low-level questions, I thought to post it to -hackers. If I'm
wrong, tell me.

Can anyone tell me a clustering software for FreeBSD? Such as PaRe, just
for FBSD??? I don't know one.
If possible it should have the following features:

* Compatibility with other systems/platforms (NetBSD, Tru64 Unix,...)
* Uhm ok. That's the only thing.

But if you just tell me some names, that would be cool.

Thanks,
Freddy



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RE: Multiple MAC addresses per NIC

2000-07-10 Thread Charles Randall

Recent threads (by subject) on related topics are,

Implementing ioctl to set MAC address -- question.
ifconfig: changing mac address

Neither discusses supporting multiple MAC addresses, but rather explicitly
setting the MAC address in a failover condition.

It appears that Bill Paul has written some code ("setmac", referred to in
the second thread above) that may provide some pointers.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Les Biffle [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Monday, July 10, 2000 7:20 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Multiple MAC addresses per NIC


Hello all,

This issue was discussed last year, but I can't find any information on
a resolution.  We're trying to create a high availability FreeBSD
cluster with a standby machine being able to take over for a failed host,
and need the standby machine to have its own MAC address, plus the MAC
address of the failed host.  The NICs we use are RealTek and Intel
EtherExpress 100.  We find hints in the NIC chip databooks but no
information for us mere programmers.  So, I have two questions:

1.  Does anybody have sample driver code that sets up the multiple hardware
address features of these NICs?

2.  Does anybody have documentation that could help me create the driver
changes?  (book, PDF, publication number, anything?)

We have tried to get more documentation out of Intel, and the salesmen
are willing, but we need a publication number to get anything.  They keep
giving us the databook, which list pinouts, various electrical specs,
and some theory, but it's no programmer reference.

Thanks,

-Les

-- 
Les BiffleCommunity Service...  Just Say NO!
(480) 778-0177[EMAIL PROTECTED]  http://www.les.safety.net/
Network Safety, 7802 E Gray Rd Ste 500,  Scottsdale, AZ 85260


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RE: Hardware crypto support

2000-04-13 Thread Charles Randall

Speaking of hardware support for compression...

I've been looking for hardware accelerated zlib for a while. I even
contacted the guys zlib developers and Hi/fn and came up with nothing.

Any suggestions?

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Len Conrad [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:04 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Hardware crypto support 


Similarly, what about hardware compression support?  Say in conjunction 
with the LanMedia 1504P 4-port  T1/E1 card?

Len




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RE: Buffer Problems and hangs in 4.0-CURRENT..

2000-03-15 Thread Charles Randall

That's not spurprising. When I tried it, Solaris 2.6 x86 didn't support
full-duplex 100Base-TX on very many devices. The DEC tulip cards were one of
the few that had drivers that supported full-duplex.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Howard Leadmon [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Sunday, March 12, 2000 4:24 PM
To: Alfred Perlstein
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Buffer Problems and hangs in 4.0-CURRENT..

...

I used the DEC based cards as I had seen so many people raving
about them, and at least under Solaris they claim the DEC tulip based 
boards are the hot ticket.

...


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RE: The stack size for a process?

2000-01-18 Thread Charles Randall

From: Jason Evans [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Thread stacks have a default size of 64kB.

As you know, stack size can be explicitly set using
pthread_attr_setstacksize().

However, note that Solaris uses a pthread stack size of 1 MB. Porter beware.

libc_r now uses growable stacks with "guard pages" between stacks
to try to catch stack overflow.

In this case, is there a message printed to the console or syslog that tells
the programmer/sysadmin what's happening?

Charles


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RE: [OFFTOPIC] alt. C compiler

2000-01-04 Thread Charles Randall

lcc and TenDRA are both in available as packages.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Gergely EGERVARY [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Tuesday, January 04, 2000 11:32 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: [OFFTOPIC] alt. C compiler


Hi,

is there any alternative (non-commercial) C compiler to use, or is gcc the
best?

I have just upgraded my system to -current w/egcs 2.95.2 and I have
several problems with it, especially when using optimizations (-O2 and
such)

ok I know there's the good old gcc 2.7.2.3 but a good BSD-licensed
compiler would be nice =)

-- mauzi



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timezone var vs timezone() function

1999-12-12 Thread Charles Randall

On my FreeBSD 3.3R system, /usr/include/time.h includes a prototype for the
timezone() function. The timezone(3) manual page indicates that this
function is for compatibility purposes only and notes that the timezone()
function first appeared in ATT Unix V7.

Version 2 of the Single Unix Specification (www.opengroup.org) states that
time.h defines a global variable named timezone which indicates the
difference in seconds between the local timezone and UTC. It also notes that
this is, "Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID." I don't know what that means.

I realize that I can work around this in an application a number of ways.
For example, use FreeBSD's tm_gmtoff member of struct tm.

However, is it a long-term goal for FreeBSD to conform to the Single Unix
Specification?

Charles



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RE: timezone var vs timezone() function

1999-12-12 Thread Charles Randall

From: Wilko Bulte [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Charles Randall wrote:
 ... It also notes that
 this is, "Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID."

SVID == System V Interface Definition.

Interesting, my Solaris 2.6 box defines timezone as the global variable (in
accordance with the Single Unix Spec). See the tzset() manpage for their
description.

Charles


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Veritas Software Now Shipping With Linux

1999-12-09 Thread Charles Randall

http://news.excite.com/news/r/991209/09/tech-veritas-linux

Veritas Software Now Shipping With Linux

MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif. (Reuters) Veritas Software
Corp. (VRTS.O) said on Thursday its software used to backup
data on computer systems is being shipped with Red Hat
Inc.'s Linux 6.1 Delux product.

"This is the first step as a result of the agreement we
announced in early November to jointly develop enterprise
storage management solutions for the Red Hat Linux
marketplace," Paul McNamara, general manager of the
enterprise business unit at Red Hat, said.  Linux is a free
version of the Unix operating system that was developed by
Finnish programmer Linus Torvalds and a network of
programmers. It is an alternative to Microsoft Corp.'s
Windows NT for some applications.


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RE: Hardware list idea

1999-12-02 Thread Charles Randall

"perlbug -ok" does the same thing for Perl. I added the first version of
this a few years ago. Perhaps "send-pr -ok"?

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Chris D. Faulhaber [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Thursday, December 02, 1999 3:44 PM
To: Julian Elischer
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Hardware list idea


On Thu, 2 Dec 1999, Julian Elischer wrote:

 
 Might it be an idea to allow the setup program to have an option
 "Send word back to FreeBSD.org that this model of machine works".
 
 or maybe, just a version of send-pr that does that, and uses a different 
 template:
 
 Laptop: {yes/No}
 Manufacturer: 
 Model:
 #If you don't have a model number fill in the following details:
 CPU:
 SPeed:
 BUS bridges:
 
 ...
 

...along with the output of dmesg for better correlation between drivers
and models?

-
Chris D. Faulhaber [EMAIL PROTECTED]  |  All the true gurus I've met never
System/Network Administrator,|  claimed they were one, and always
Reality Check Information, Inc.  |  pointed to someone better.




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readdir_r vs readdir in libc_r?

1999-11-13 Thread Charles Randall

I'm using FreeBSD 3.3-R and have noted that there's a readdir() in libc_r
but no readdir_r().

Based on archived messages from last year, it appears that the readir() in
libc_r is not reentrant. To access readdir from multiple threads with
different DIR entries, it appears that all of the directory functions must
be protected by a locking mechanism.

What is the current status of this?

Charles



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RE: A Question

1999-11-11 Thread Charles Randall

From a shell,

  % /sbin/ifconfig -a

that's not exactly what you were looking for, but...

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Santhosh Kumar M [CEC-S] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Wednesday, November 10, 1999 11:00 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: A Question



Hi,

Can anyone give me the library call or system calls by which i can
get all the IP address configured on a local system (Note: the system can
be multihomed adapters). 


P.S: I am not a member of this list, so please do a cc to
"[EMAIL PROTECTED]".

Thanks  Rdgs
Santhosh



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RE: FreeBSD reboots

1999-11-02 Thread Charles Randall

From: Julian Elischer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
I have a patch to fix the fin-wait-2 problem.. 

Any reason this could't be applied to -stable with a corresponding sysctl
variable?

Charles


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bind(2) sets errno to undocumented EAGAIN?

1999-10-06 Thread Charles Randall

Under what conditions does bind(2) set errno to EAGAIN? The 3.2R bind(2)
manual page does not list that as a valid value for errno when bind returns
-1.

This came up when using http_load (http://www.acme.com/software/http_load)
to stress-test a local web server. In other words, using http_load to test a
web server running on the same machine. Debugging a bit, I determined that a
call to bind in http_load.c returns -1 and sets errno to 35 (which is
defined as EAGAIN in /usr/include/errno.h).

Using ktrace/kdump,

   522 http_load CALL  socket(0x2,0x1,0x6)
   522 http_load RET   socket 4
   522 http_load CALL  bind(0x4,0x805f404,0x10)
   522 http_load RET   bind -1 errno 35 Resource temporarily unavailable

What resource is unavailable?

Charles



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RE: Gigabit ethernet support?

1999-08-18 Thread Charles Randall

Bill Paul has developed a driver for the Alteon Tigon 1 and 2 cards.

http://www.freebsd.org/~wpaul/Alteon/

FYI,
Charles

-Original Message-
From: David Miller [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Wednesday, August 18, 1999 1:55 PM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Gigabit ethernet support?


Any supported cards in 3.2.x?   The HCL pages don't list any:(

Thanks,

--- David



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RE: Gigabit ethernet support?

1999-08-18 Thread Charles Randall
Bill Paul has developed a driver for the Alteon Tigon 1 and 2 cards.

http://www.freebsd.org/~wpaul/Alteon/

FYI,
Charles

-Original Message-
From: David Miller [mailto:dmil...@search.sparks.net]
Sent: Wednesday, August 18, 1999 1:55 PM
To: freebsd-hackers@freebsd.org
Subject: Gigabit ethernet support?


Any supported cards in 3.2.x?   The HCL pages don't list any:(

Thanks,

--- David



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RE: Probably bug with allocation memory in FreeBSD-3.2-RELEASE

1999-08-17 Thread Charles Randall

The program in question does attempt to core dump when trying to fill the
memory returned from malloc when malloc returns null. It almost seems like
the attempt to dump core in an "out of swap" condition causes what seems
like a machine hang (although you can still ping the machine).

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Biju Susmer [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Tuesday, August 17, 1999 3:25 AM
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: RE: Probably bug with allocation memory in FreeBSD-3.2-RELEASE



 Well, yeah, that's becuase you're running it out of swap by trying to
 allocate a gigabyte of memory.

 but this is done in steps of 1MB. Once it reaches out of memory, malloc
should
return NULL. Since there is no checking for NULL in this code, it should hit
a
signal, isn't it? Why that is not happening?
-biju



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RE: Probably bug with allocation memory in FreeBSD-3.2-RELEASE

1999-08-17 Thread Charles Randall
The program in question does attempt to core dump when trying to fill the
memory returned from malloc when malloc returns null. It almost seems like
the attempt to dump core in an out of swap condition causes what seems
like a machine hang (although you can still ping the machine).

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Biju Susmer [mailto:b...@wipinfo.soft.net]
Sent: Tuesday, August 17, 1999 3:25 AM
Cc: freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: RE: Probably bug with allocation memory in FreeBSD-3.2-RELEASE



 Well, yeah, that's becuase you're running it out of swap by trying to
 allocate a gigabyte of memory.

 but this is done in steps of 1MB. Once it reaches out of memory, malloc
should
return NULL. Since there is no checking for NULL in this code, it should hit
a
signal, isn't it? Why that is not happening?
-biju



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illegal ATAPI command in wdc probe?

1999-08-16 Thread Charles Randall

The VMWare guest OS page for FreeBSD
(http://www.vmware.com/support/technotesfreebsd.html) states,

---
One caveat with all versions of FreeBSD is that there is a problem probing
for the CD-ROM device wdc1; FreeBSD sends an illegal ATAPI command to the
IDE controller and ignores the error status reply. This results in
approximately a 1 minute delay each time the system boots.
---

Is this true?

Charles



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illegal ATAPI command in wdc probe?

1999-08-16 Thread Charles Randall
The VMWare guest OS page for FreeBSD
(http://www.vmware.com/support/technotesfreebsd.html) states,

---
One caveat with all versions of FreeBSD is that there is a problem probing
for the CD-ROM device wdc1; FreeBSD sends an illegal ATAPI command to the
IDE controller and ignores the error status reply. This results in
approximately a 1 minute delay each time the system boots.
---

Is this true?

Charles



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RE: mmap bug

1999-08-11 Thread Charles Randall

Looks like Oleg made a mistake in posting the code. I saw an earlier version
of this in freebsd-questions and followed up with him.

I've appended the version I think he meant to include.

He's reporting this behavior with 3.2R. Runs fine with 'mmap -u', appears to
hang the machine on the second iteration (file "1") with 'mmap'.

Runs fine on Solaris 2.6 and Digital Unix 4.0D  -- with the exception of
filling the disk without "-u" :^).

He's trying to ask if this is a problem with the code in question or 3.2R's
mmap.

Charles

--- mmap.c ---
#include stdio.h
#include stdlib.h
#include sys/types.h
#include sys/mman.h
#include unistd.h
#include fcntl.h
#include errno.h
 
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int fd;
int i;
int len=1024*1024*10;  /*ie 10Mbytes*/
caddr_t addr;
char ttt[80];
int bunlink = 0;

if ( argc  1  strcmp(argv[1], "-u") == 0 ) {
  bunlink = 1;
}
printf("unlink files? %s\n", bunlink ? "YES" : "NO");
  
for (i=0;;i++)
{
sprintf (ttt,"%d",i);
printf("mmaping %ld byte region on file %s\n", len, ttt);
fd=open(ttt,O_CREAT|O_RDWR,0666);
if (fd0)
{
printf("open error %ld\n",errno);
exit(1);
}
lseek(fd,len-1,SEEK_SET);
write(fd,"",1);
addr=mmap(0,len,PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,MAP_SHARED,fd,0);
if (addr==MAP_FAILED)
{
printf("mmap error %ld",errno);
exit(1);
}
memset(addr,'x',len);
if ( munmap(addr, len) != 0 ) {
  fprintf(stderr, "munmap failed\n");
  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
close(fd);
if ( bunlink ) unlink(ttt);
}
}


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RE: mmap bug

1999-08-11 Thread Charles Randall
Looks like Oleg made a mistake in posting the code. I saw an earlier version
of this in freebsd-questions and followed up with him.

I've appended the version I think he meant to include.

He's reporting this behavior with 3.2R. Runs fine with 'mmap -u', appears to
hang the machine on the second iteration (file 1) with 'mmap'.

Runs fine on Solaris 2.6 and Digital Unix 4.0D  -- with the exception of
filling the disk without -u :^).

He's trying to ask if this is a problem with the code in question or 3.2R's
mmap.

Charles

--- mmap.c ---
#include stdio.h
#include stdlib.h
#include sys/types.h
#include sys/mman.h
#include unistd.h
#include fcntl.h
#include errno.h
 
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int fd;
int i;
int len=1024*1024*10;  /*ie 10Mbytes*/
caddr_t addr;
char ttt[80];
int bunlink = 0;

if ( argc  1  strcmp(argv[1], -u) == 0 ) {
  bunlink = 1;
}
printf(unlink files? %s\n, bunlink ? YES : NO);
  
for (i=0;;i++)
{
sprintf (ttt,%d,i);
printf(mmaping %ld byte region on file %s\n, len, ttt);
fd=open(ttt,O_CREAT|O_RDWR,0666);
if (fd0)
{
printf(open error %ld\n,errno);
exit(1);
}
lseek(fd,len-1,SEEK_SET);
write(fd,,1);
addr=mmap(0,len,PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,MAP_SHARED,fd,0);
if (addr==MAP_FAILED)
{
printf(mmap error %ld,errno);
exit(1);
}
memset(addr,'x',len);
if ( munmap(addr, len) != 0 ) {
  fprintf(stderr, munmap failed\n);
  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
close(fd);
if ( bunlink ) unlink(ttt);
}
}


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FW: Network problems with 3.2R as VMWare Guest OS

1999-08-02 Thread Charles Randall

Forwarded to -hackers due to a lack of response in -questions.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Charles Randall [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] 
Sent: Friday, July 30, 1999 9:55 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Network problems with 3.2R as VMWare Guest OS


I've been running 3.2R as a VMWare for NT (0.80 beta, build 217) "guest" OS.

All seems well with the exception that the network seems to die occasionally
(no messages in /var/log/messages, I just can't access any other hosts on
the network).

The VMWare virtual network adapter is recognized as,

lnc1: PCNet/PCI Ethernet adapter rev 0x10 int a irq 9 on pci0.16.0
lnc1: PCnet-PCI II address 00:50:56:81:11:24

I can solve this with a simple,

% ifconfig lnc1 down
% ifconfig lnc1 up

Has anyone else experienced this? I suspect a problem in the VMWare virtual
network adapter or the NT driver it installed.

Charles

Charles F. Randall
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
MatchLogic, Inc.




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FW: Network problems with 3.2R as VMWare Guest OS

1999-08-02 Thread Charles Randall
Forwarded to -hackers due to a lack of response in -questions.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Charles Randall [mailto:crand...@matchlogic.com] 
Sent: Friday, July 30, 1999 9:55 AM
To: freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org
Subject: Network problems with 3.2R as VMWare Guest OS


I've been running 3.2R as a VMWare for NT (0.80 beta, build 217) guest OS.

All seems well with the exception that the network seems to die occasionally
(no messages in /var/log/messages, I just can't access any other hosts on
the network).

The VMWare virtual network adapter is recognized as,

lnc1: PCNet/PCI Ethernet adapter rev 0x10 int a irq 9 on pci0.16.0
lnc1: PCnet-PCI II address 00:50:56:81:11:24

I can solve this with a simple,

% ifconfig lnc1 down
% ifconfig lnc1 up

Has anyone else experienced this? I suspect a problem in the VMWare virtual
network adapter or the NT driver it installed.

Charles

Charles F. Randall
crand...@matchlogic.com
MatchLogic, Inc.




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RE: Replace/rewrite reverse.c for tail(1)

1999-07-28 Thread Charles Randall

I'd suggest that you use "tac" from GNU textutils.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Kevin Day [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Wednesday, July 28, 1999 3:09 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Replace/rewrite reverse.c for tail(1)



An application I use quite often requires me to reverse the lines in the
file to get the desired output.

'tail -r' appears to be very inefficient in it's use of mmap(). It mmap's
the entire file in, which encourages the kernel to swap out the rest of the
system to keep pages of the input file in memory.

58350 root  54   0   412M 85244K RUN  0:14 19.78% 19.19% tail

Out of 128M of ram, it's swapped nearly everything else out to keep 85M of
this 400M file in ram, even though it will never touch it again. :)

I see two possible fixes for this. One could be madvise'ing periodically
with MADV_DONTNEED. If I understand correctly, this would help a bit, right?

Or, mmap smaller regions of the file, and keep moving the buffer. This would
also help with files exceeding mmap's limits.


Any thoughts?


Kevin


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RE: Replace/rewrite reverse.c for tail(1)

1999-07-28 Thread Charles Randall
I'd suggest that you use tac from GNU textutils.

Charles

-Original Message-
From: Kevin Day [mailto:toa...@dragondata.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 28, 1999 3:09 AM
To: hack...@freebsd.org
Subject: Replace/rewrite reverse.c for tail(1)



An application I use quite often requires me to reverse the lines in the
file to get the desired output.

'tail -r' appears to be very inefficient in it's use of mmap(). It mmap's
the entire file in, which encourages the kernel to swap out the rest of the
system to keep pages of the input file in memory.

58350 root  54   0   412M 85244K RUN  0:14 19.78% 19.19% tail

Out of 128M of ram, it's swapped nearly everything else out to keep 85M of
this 400M file in ram, even though it will never touch it again. :)

I see two possible fixes for this. One could be madvise'ing periodically
with MADV_DONTNEED. If I understand correctly, this would help a bit, right?

Or, mmap smaller regions of the file, and keep moving the buffer. This would
also help with files exceeding mmap's limits.


Any thoughts?


Kevin


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RE: speed of file(1)

1999-07-21 Thread Charles Randall

When this gets committed, can it be applied to both the 3.x and 4.x trees?

Thanks,
Charles

-Original Message-
From: Peter Edwards [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Wednesday, July 21, 1999 5:55 AM
To: Peter Jeremy
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: speed of file(1)


A quick look at the source reveals:

A MAXMAGIS constant in file.h that estimates a limit of 1000 lines in
magic. (The real number is 4802)

An array sized on MAXMAGIS, that is reallocated every ALLOC_INTR lines
of magic once MAXMAGIS is exceeded.

The patch updates MAXMAGIS to 5000 (give a bit of room to grow)
And makes ALLOC_INCR a variable that is bigger, and doubles every time
it is used, to attenuate the problem if there ever ends up being 1
entries in magic.

Results on a 90Mhz Pentium:

new verson

time ./file ./file
./file: FreeBSD/i386 compact demand paged dynamically linked executable
not stripped
0.14 real 0.11 user 0.02 sys

old verson:

./file: FreeBSD/i386 compact demand paged dynamically linked executable
not stripped
0.79 real 0.60 user 0.16 sys




--
Peter.


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RE: speed of file(1)

1999-07-21 Thread Charles Randall
When this gets committed, can it be applied to both the 3.x and 4.x trees?

Thanks,
Charles

-Original Message-
From: Peter Edwards [mailto:peter.edwa...@isocor.ie]
Sent: Wednesday, July 21, 1999 5:55 AM
To: Peter Jeremy
Cc: w...@iki.fi; hack...@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: speed of file(1)


A quick look at the source reveals:

A MAXMAGIS constant in file.h that estimates a limit of 1000 lines in
magic. (The real number is 4802)

An array sized on MAXMAGIS, that is reallocated every ALLOC_INTR lines
of magic once MAXMAGIS is exceeded.

The patch updates MAXMAGIS to 5000 (give a bit of room to grow)
And makes ALLOC_INCR a variable that is bigger, and doubles every time
it is used, to attenuate the problem if there ever ends up being 1
entries in magic.

Results on a 90Mhz Pentium:

new verson

time ./file ./file
./file: FreeBSD/i386 compact demand paged dynamically linked executable
not stripped
0.14 real 0.11 user 0.02 sys

old verson:

./file: FreeBSD/i386 compact demand paged dynamically linked executable
not stripped
0.79 real 0.60 user 0.16 sys




--
Peter.


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RE: Overcommit and calloc()

1999-07-19 Thread Charles Randall

From: Kelly Yancey [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
I have another post on this list which begs the question: if memory given
to us fro sbrk() is already zeroed, why zero it again if we don't have
too if we make calloc() smarter, we could save come clock cycles.

Because the memory returned from malloc() might be from a previous
malloc()/free() and may be dirty.

Charles


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RE: Overcommit and calloc()

1999-07-19 Thread Charles Randall
From: Kelly Yancey [mailto:kby...@alcnet.com]
I have another post on this list which begs the question: if memory given
to us fro sbrk() is already zeroed, why zero it again if we don't have
too if we make calloc() smarter, we could save come clock cycles.

Because the memory returned from malloc() might be from a previous
malloc()/free() and may be dirty.

Charles


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RE: VMware--anyone playing with it?

1999-05-17 Thread Charles Randall
http://www.connectix.com/html/connectix_virtualpc.html

-Original Message-
From: Jacques Vidrine [mailto:n...@nectar.cc]
Sent: Monday, May 17, 1999 3:12 PM
To: Jason Thorpe
Cc: John  Jennifer Reynolds; freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG
Subject: Re: VMware--anyone playing with it? 


On 17 May 1999 at 8:19, Jason Thorpe thor...@nas.nasa.gov wrote:
 I think the Connectix Virtual PC is cooler; VMware only runs on Linux
 and NT because it requires gross hacks to redirect e.g. I/O space access.

I haven't seen it... do you have a reference?

Jacques Vidrine / n...@nectar.cc / nec...@freebsd.org


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RE: VMware--anyone playing with it?

1999-05-17 Thread Charles Randall
From: Joe Abley [mailto:jab...@clear.co.nz]
 http://www.connectix.com/html/connectix_virtualpc.html

 But this only runs on the Mac, right?

Seems like it. I think that Jason was only commenting on the coolness
factor when compared to VMWare.

Although I haven't tried it, VMWare seems damn cool while still maintaining
somewhat reasonable performance because it ISN'T an emulator.

-Charles - Thinking of installing Linux just to try the VMWare beta.



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