Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh *out*. to my
server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a string like
Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards or setup
wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to comparing
tao to ethic.
The way _how_ to enable it depends on the distribution you're
using and is very different among the Linusi.
rt., and this is fedora, my least fav distro. But I've always had
trouble with ssh, even with FBSD.
The FreeBSD equivalent would be something like
# /etc/rc.d/sshd start
or putting sshd_enable=YES into /etc/rc.conf to have this
task at boot.
Depending on what Linux you are using, this may be as easy as
on FreeBSD... or overcomplicated, because nobody needs this
anyway. :-)
no mo' energy. I hear my bed singing sirens' songs:)
5 mins later: I ssh'd from tao to ethic then used the ssh-vvv
for debug. Somewhere this string shoewd up. as noted, this
is from OBSD:
SSH2_MSG_IGNORE
so if anybody running openbsd or fedora, or anybody who has stubbed
his toe this way, give a hollar.
S'All,
gary
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
--
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix
Twenty-six years of service to the Unix community.
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Re: well, try here first...
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh *out*. to my
server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a string like
Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards or setup
wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to comparing
tao to ethic.
The dhclient is a client (just as the ssh program), while
the system has to run some kind of SSH _server_ (sshd on
FreeBSD for example). Additionally, network configuration
and especially firewall has to _permit_ the access to that
specific service (that has to be enabled).
The way _how_ to enable it depends on the distribution you're
using and is very different among the Linusi.
rt., and this is fedora, my least fav distro. But I've always had
trouble with ssh, even with FBSD.
There is a nice summary on how to get the OpenSSH server
set up on Fedora:
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Configuring_Fedora_Linux_Remote_Access_using_SSH
Basically, it's about installing and enabling it. The article
also discusses how to enable configure the firewall properly.
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: Advanced Format Drive ?
On 11/13/12 06:30, Polytropon wrote: On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 22:14:11 -0800, Ronald F. Guilmette wrote: Which partitions need to be aligned to the 4KB boundaries? The FreeBSD ones, the MBR ones, or both? The partitions, all of them. :-) For MBR partitions, the DOS primary partitions, which are slices, you typically only need one if you want to stay in compatibility mode. For dedicated mode, you don't need it. The slice typically starts in sector 63 and occupies the space until the end of the device. The partitions within the slice should have sizes of multiples of 1 MB or 1 GB (which makes them multiples of 4k easily). See: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/bsdinstall-partitioning.html Even though the handbook elaborates on the GPT approach, it will work with traditional disklabel partitioning too. Note that 4k = 8 x 512 byte, and so 64 sectors would be a good alignment grid, while 63 sectors is not. That implies that in case you use fdisk to create a slice holding your partitions, try to make it start at sector 64 (63 would have been the default). After that, use bsdlabel to create the partitions inside the slice as you want. Make them multiples of 1M or 1G, that should be no big deal because disks are big and cheap today. :-) You can then easily use newfs with the -f parameter: newfs -U -f 4096 device This will make sure the proper fragment size will be applied upon formatting the created partitions. Also see: http://www.wonkity.com/~wblock/docs/html/disksetup.html As I have limited experience, anyone having more practical experience with this matter is welcome to comment. :-) According to the manual as of 9.0-RELEASE the default fragment and block sizes for newfs are 4k and 32k, so provided your partitions/slices are 4k aligned everything Should Just Work. Before 9.0 fragments and blocks were 2k and 16k which doesn't play so well with 4k drives. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
Hi,
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh
*out*. to my server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh
back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a
string like Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards
or setup wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from
OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to
you wanted to say 'jawohl'?
Erich
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Re: high performance server design approach
On 13 Nov 2012, at 10:28, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Thank you Mark for suggestion, but my doubt still remains. perhaps some benchmarking/testing will help clear up the doubt? - Mark ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
On 13 Nov 2012, at 10:23, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Hi list members, i would like to be an http server for static content only. Due to this [snip] What you have to say benchmark nginx to see if it does the job already. - Mark ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
Hi, On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 08:23:38 -0200 Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: 0) To have a single process accepting incoming connection on port 80 and send the new socket fd to one of the http server in a round-roubin manner, or if you have N cores, create N - X processes or threads for handling the requests. Leave at least one core for the OS, so, have X = 2. I would not fork at all. Have the threads ready when the requests are coming. At least this is what I did several years ago achieving the highest performance. Make X a variable to be able to tune a bit. You also should have a memory pool available to avoid calls to malloc and free. You must have a limit for the memory pool. Free the memory in the pool time to time so others can make use of the memory too. The first approach leads to n+1 process. The second to exactly n process. You need at least one core for handling the tasks of the OS. If I remember right, I took 10% of the cores plus one which I did not use and I took at least one core. This is all from memory. So, please consider that I could have missed something out. Erich ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Issues with smartd starting up at boot time - delays sever start?
Hi, I've noticed on our systems (9.0-Stable, amd64) that starting smartd at boot time massively extends the startup time of the box. I think I've traced this down to smartd, and our use of the '-M test' config option (which sends a test message, apparently forking to 'mail' - and, as the config man page says - it will block until that command returns). For whatever reason (networking not stable at that point in time, MTA not started yet etc.) - on our machines this leaves smartd handing around for minutes - before it returns, the machine starts up (and the status emails arrive). Can anyone think of a 'simple' fix for this? - Is there anything I can do to '/usr/local/etc/rc.d/smartd' to make it run later in the startup process? Does the dreaded '/etc/rc.local' still get run -after- everything else? (Worst case I could launch it from there). Thanks, -Karl ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
Define high performance , what are your expectations in terms of concurrent connections, requests/second and all ? Allow me to shed some measure of light here, we're running 16x web servers with nginx doing *permanent* (as in, for all requests) URL rewriting and serving 500 req/s each. These servers admittedly running debian are behind 4x freebsd boxes using a combination of PF, CARP and relayd on 8.3-STABLE. The web servers deliver 200mb/second worth of *small* files (roughly 1kb javascripts). They hardly ever reach 0.25 load average, on 8 cores + hyperthreading. What I'm getting at here is, nginx *totally rapes* performance-wise, at least for our own needs. If it is able to deliver 500 req/s (for each server) of small files, surely it can handle the load you're planning on throwing at it ? On Nov 13, 2012, at 11:28 AM, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Thank you Mark for suggestion, but my doubt still remains. Regards. On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 8:26 AM, Mark Blackman m...@exonetric.com wrote: On 13 Nov 2012, at 10:23, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Hi list members, i would like to be an http server for static content only. Due to this [snip] What you have to say benchmark nginx to see if it does the job already. - Mark ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
Mark, when i say high performance, i am looking something at least as fast as the fastest performing http server on the market for a given set of requests on the same pool of static files. I am aware og ngnix, but i have to write my own http server. Using someone else solution is not an option. On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 8:57 AM, Fleuriot Damien m...@my.gd wrote: Define high performance , what are your expectations in terms of concurrent connections, requests/second and all ? Allow me to shed some measure of light here, we're running 16x web servers with nginx doing *permanent* (as in, for all requests) URL rewriting and serving 500 req/s each. These servers admittedly running debian are behind 4x freebsd boxes using a combination of PF, CARP and relayd on 8.3-STABLE. The web servers deliver 200mb/second worth of *small* files (roughly 1kb javascripts). They hardly ever reach 0.25 load average, on 8 cores + hyperthreading. What I'm getting at here is, nginx *totally rapes* performance-wise, at least for our own needs. If it is able to deliver 500 req/s (for each server) of small files, surely it can handle the load you're planning on throwing at it ? On Nov 13, 2012, at 11:28 AM, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Thank you Mark for suggestion, but my doubt still remains. Regards. On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 8:26 AM, Mark Blackman m...@exonetric.com wrote: On 13 Nov 2012, at 10:23, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Hi list members, i would like to be an http server for static content only. Due to this [snip] What you have to say benchmark nginx to see if it does the job already. - Mark ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
On 13 Nov 2012, at 11:03, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Mark, when i say high performance, i am looking something at least as fast as the fastest performing http server on the market for a given set of requests on the same pool of static files. I am aware og ngnix, but i have to write my own http server. Using someone else solution is not an option. Ok, fair enough. It's a shame you're not in a position to use proven high performance technology to minimise your time-to-market, but I'll assume you've got a good reason to re-invent the wheel. I think for design questions like that, freebsd-questions@ is not the ideal list, but I suggest either freebsd-hackers@ or freebsd-net@ or a more general purpose networking list. Try http://www.slideshare.net/joshzhu/tips-on-high-performance-server-programming too. - Mark ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
That's a shame, nginx is definitely a robust and fast server, it's well maintained, it's patched quickly... If you need proof of its prowess to convince your upstream managers, I'd be inclined to provide you with a diagram of our architecture for this particular project, as well as the graphs (network traffic, server loads, requests/sec...) On 13 November 2012 12:03, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Mark, when i say high performance, i am looking something at least as fast as the fastest performing http server on the market for a given set of requests on the same pool of static files. I am aware og ngnix, but i have to write my own http server. Using someone else solution is not an option. On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 8:57 AM, Fleuriot Damien m...@my.gd wrote: Define high performance , what are your expectations in terms of concurrent connections, requests/second and all ? Allow me to shed some measure of light here, we're running 16x web servers with nginx doing *permanent* (as in, for all requests) URL rewriting and serving 500 req/s each. These servers admittedly running debian are behind 4x freebsd boxes using a combination of PF, CARP and relayd on 8.3-STABLE. The web servers deliver 200mb/second worth of *small* files (roughly 1kb javascripts). They hardly ever reach 0.25 load average, on 8 cores + hyperthreading. What I'm getting at here is, nginx *totally rapes* performance-wise, at least for our own needs. If it is able to deliver 500 req/s (for each server) of small files, surely it can handle the load you're planning on throwing at it ? On Nov 13, 2012, at 11:28 AM, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Thank you Mark for suggestion, but my doubt still remains. Regards. On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 8:26 AM, Mark Blackman m...@exonetric.com wrote: On 13 Nov 2012, at 10:23, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Hi list members, i would like to be an http server for static content only. Due to this [snip] What you have to say benchmark nginx to see if it does the job already. - Mark ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 3:08 AM, Mark Blackman m...@exonetric.com wrote: On 13 Nov 2012, at 11:03, Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com wrote: Mark, when i say high performance, i am looking something at least as fast as the fastest performing http server on the market for a given set of requests on the same pool of static files. I am aware og ngnix, but i have to write my own http server. Using someone else solution is not an option. Ok, fair enough. It's a shame you're not in a position to use proven high performance technology to minimise your time-to-market, but I'll assume you've got a good reason to re-invent the wheel. I think for design questions like that, freebsd-questions@ is not the ideal list, but I suggest either freebsd-hackers@ or freebsd-net@ or a more general purpose networking list. Try http://www.slideshare.net/joshzhu/tips-on-high-performance-server-programmingtoo. - Mark If there is NO any absolute requirement to write a new http server in a clean room approach , any existing related software with suitable license may be utilized to generate a new fork and make necessary additions with possible translation to another programming language . For example , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx ( BSD licensed ) is forked by http://www.zhuzhaoyuan.com/ as http://tengine.taobao.org/ . To find other suitable licensed http servers , the following page may be useful : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_web_server_software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_lightweight_web_servers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_HTTP_server http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Web_server_software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Free_web_server_software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Web_server_management_software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permissive_free_software_licence http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_free_software_licences http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Free_and_open-source_software_licenses Please do NOT take the following sentences against your personality , they are only to remind you about problems : If you are not able to fork an existing http server software in your programming language ( the programming language you want to use ) and modify it with respect to your special needs , then it is very likely that you will not be able to write an equivalent software . If you attempt to create such a software , with the above condition , at the end , your gain will be amount of knowledge you gained , amount of time and resources ( money , time , etc. ) you lost . If you will use a different programming language and you do not know the programming languages used by suitable licensed http server software , then study development history of such http server software and get information about its difficulty , problems , cost , human effort requirements , etc. , . This will supply to you a clear road map for you development . Thank you very much . Mehmet Erol Sanliturk ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Old file reappeared by itself
12.11.2012 14:07, Artem Kuchin: The machines runs 4 jails. Everything is in the jails except NAMED. Named is run on the root host (if i may say so) itself. There is a zone file there which i changed last week. Today in the morning i try to open a site and host name is not found. It worked on friday. I went to see the the zone file. IT WAS DATED 2010 I open it and the serial number is something like 201103021. I do all my serials using dates, so, while the file date is 2010 the content is from 2011 and it sure does looks so. Then i go to secondary zone (slave) on another server and there i find the zone from last week. I checked all logs and did not find anything special. The zone file from 2010 just reappeared from nowhere kill all the new changes. As i said, i saw things like this in the past. It happened insides jails and was related to files for web sites and i thought that i and someone else messed up. No i think i saw the same thing. It happened today again! I checked file today and the file was dated 5 oct 2012 but content was from a week ago except the serial. I changed it yesterday. No automatic backup or restore is running. Uptime is 321 day. last says not one has logged in since yerterday. I am going crazy. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Some thoughts about upgrading from 8.3 to 9.1
I just read in another post about disklayout _ According to the manual as of 9.0-RELEASE the default fragment and block sizes for newfs are 4k and 32k, so provided your partitions/slices are 4k aligned everything Should Just Work. Before 9.0 fragments and blocks were 2k and 16k which doesn't play so well with 4k drives. I started thinking about the choices I have for upgrading my running 8.3 systems. I'm aware about of the procedure with freebsd-upgrade and rebuilding all ports according to man portmaster. Would you just do the upgrade or would you consider reinstalling? Would it be beneficial to make a fresh installation? Thanks /Leslie ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Some thoughts about upgrading from 8.3 to 9.1
Hi, On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 14:00:15 +0100 Leslie Jensen les...@eskk.nu wrote: I just read in another post about disklayout _ According to the manual as of 9.0-RELEASE the default fragment and block sizes for newfs are 4k and 32k, so provided your partitions/slices are 4k aligned everything Should Just Work. Before 9.0 fragments and blocks were 2k and 16k which doesn't play so well with 4k drives. I started thinking about the choices I have for upgrading my running 8.3 systems. I'm aware about of the procedure with freebsd-upgrade and rebuilding all ports according to man portmaster. Would you just do the upgrade or would you consider reinstalling? Would it be beneficial to make a fresh installation? let me phrase it this way: I upgrade always via source but I am prepared to hit a wall between. The number of walls are very low meanwhile. The advantage of a normal upgrade via sources are so many that I always risk it. But I make sure that I have the option of re-installation at hand. Erich ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Moused error in 9.1-RC3
I've just installed 9.1-RC3 on a machine. When starting I get the error: Starting default moused moused: unable to open /dev/psm0: No such file or directory I have moused_enable=YES in rc.conf Do I need to set some right in devfs for it to go away? Thanks /Leslie ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Some thoughts about upgrading from 8.3 to 9.1
Leslie Jensen wrote: I just read in another post about disklayout _ According to the manual as of 9.0-RELEASE the default fragment and block sizes for newfs are 4k and 32k, so provided your partitions/slices are 4k aligned everything Should Just Work. Before 9.0 fragments and blocks were 2k and 16k which doesn't play so well with 4k drives. I started thinking about the choices I have for upgrading my running 8.3 systems. I'm aware about of the procedure with freebsd-upgrade and rebuilding all ports according to man portmaster. Would you just do the upgrade or would you consider reinstalling? Would it be beneficial to make a fresh installation? Thanks /Leslie I all ways reinstall from scratch using disc1.iso burned to cdrom as each new OS Release becomes available to the public. Followed by pkg-add -r for all my ports. I even use the pkg versions of dependents that are required by php because I have to recompile the php port to turn on the apache module and turn off everything else. This way I only compile php and not its dependents. I have the pkg_add -r commands embedded in a script that automates the whole procedures. The installed packages stay at whatever version they are at as of new OS Release time. I do not update running packages during the life of the installed OS Release. Been doing this since Release 3.0 without any problems. Install process takes about 30 minutes. Time for downloading disc1.iso and burning it is not included in that 30 minutes. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Moused error in 9.1-RC3
Hello. 2012/11/13 14:55:21 +0100 Leslie Jensen les...@eskk.nu = To FreeBSD Questions : LJ I've just installed 9.1-RC3 on a machine. LJ When starting I get the error: LJ Starting default moused LJ moused: unable to open /dev/psm0: No such file or directory LJ I have moused_enable=YES in rc.conf LJ Do I need to set some right in devfs for it to go away? Yes, in the case if your kernel detected the 'psm0' device, typically that message found in dmesg for that case. -- Peter Vereshagin pe...@vereshagin.org (http://vereshagin.org) pgp: A0E26627 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Some thoughts about upgrading from 8.3 to 9.1
On 11/13/12 13:00, Leslie Jensen wrote: I just read in another post about disklayout _ According to the manual as of 9.0-RELEASE the default fragment and block sizes for newfs are 4k and 32k, so provided your partitions/slices are 4k aligned everything Should Just Work. Before 9.0 fragments and blocks were 2k and 16k which doesn't play so well with 4k drives. I wrote that. It's only relevant if you have recent disks with 4k hardware blocks. If you have, you ought to use 4k/16k filesystems whatever your OS rev. If you haven't, it doesn't matter. If it's not broken, don't fix it, is a very good principle. I started thinking about the choices I have for upgrading my running 8.3 systems. I'm aware about of the procedure with freebsd-upgrade and rebuilding all ports according to man portmaster. Would you just do the upgrade or would you consider reinstalling? Would it be beneficial to make a fresh installation? Like Erich Dollansky, I prefer to upgrade via source, but that's because I like tweaking my system in mildly non-standard ways. (More a habit than a necessity, but I've been doing it since 6th Edition Unix. :-) If you're running a vanilla install with GENERIC kernel freebsd-upgrade is probably going to be quicker even if you've got a multicore monster to recompile on. Just make sure you can reinstall if something goes bad during the upgrade and *back up anything vital first*. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Advanced Format Drive ?
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012, Ronald F. Guilmette wrote: In message 20121113065602.ee2310d7.free...@edvax.de, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote: On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:47:40 -0800, Ronald F. Guilmette wrote: Is there _anything_ that I will have to do differently than I did for the last 20 drives I've used with FreeBSD over the last 10+ years? As far as I know, the old ways still work as intended. I've been initalizing 1 TB and 1.5 TB disks the old way, using sysinstall (to create a slice, then to create the partitions) and newfs (to format the 2nd data disk). So far, the disks are working for some years without trouble. Those are normal disks, not SSDs, purchased few years ago. The term advanced format is usually used for 4k-sectorized disks (in difference to traditional 512k sectors). You can find more here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Format The implication for FreeBSD is (and has been for some time) to align partitions at a 4k border. If you create partition sizes as multiples of 4k, it should be fine. Thank you. Which partitions need to be aligned to the 4KB boundaries? The FreeBSD ones, the MBR ones, or both? The ones you want to be fast instead of half-speed. The easy way to do it is to jettison the old MBR slice/partition stuff and use the simpler GPT. The first half of this document shows how to set it up: http://www.wonkity.com/~wblock/docs/html/disksetup.html ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Some thoughts about upgrading from 8.3 to 9.1
On 11/13/12 14:21, Arthur Chance wrote: Oops, sent this off too quickly. I wrote that. It's only relevant if you have recent disks with 4k hardware blocks. If you have, you ought to use 4k/16k filesystems whatever your OS rev. That should be 4k/32k. As man newfs says: The optimal block:fragment ratio is 8:1. Other ratios are possible, but are not recommended, and may produce poor results. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BIOS update saga - the end
That is one of the reasons I stop buying HP products specially laptops.. and sony vaio as well.. the last one I have is a z6000 that is still working very well with FreeBSD10. HP notebooks are closed works only with windows, are expensive consumes too much power, the bateries did not last... I live in Brazil and here one HP costs about 750 euros... a sony vaio is about 800 euros, I bought recently a Lenovo G475 (14inch LED display) notebook brand new, for 350 euros with 2Gb of memory, 320Gb of HD, atheros wifi, dvd rw, AMD radeon video, dual core... I bought more 4Gb of memory for 30 euros, and the notebook is now with 6Gb... Last week I bought a 15 inch notebook at the shopping near my home, with the same amd chip, wifi, large keyboard with separated numeric key, 4Gb memory, 500Gb disk for 320 euros (no brand name)... any of them works very well with FreeBSD, NetBSD or Linux... A friend of mine bought 10 of those for his company employees.. it is cheapper than upgrade de desktops That is my experience Sergio ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BIOS update saga - the end
From lenzi.ser...@gmail.com Tue Nov 13 16:17:49 2012 That is one of the reasons I stop buying HP products specially laptops.. and sony vaio as well.. the last one I have is a z6000 that is still working very well with FreeBSD10. HP notebooks are closed works only with windows, are expensive consumes too much power, the bateries did not last... regarding the power and weak batteries - this is my experience too. I live in Brazil and here one HP costs about 750 euros... a sony vaio is about 800 euros, I bought recently a Lenovo G475 (14inch LED display) notebook brand new, for 350 euros with 2Gb of memory, 320Gb of HD, atheros wifi, dvd rw, AMD radeon video, dual core... I bought more 4Gb of memory for 30 euros, and the notebook is now with 6Gb... ok, I might look at this model, thanks for the hint. Last week I bought a 15 inch notebook at the shopping near my home, with the same amd chip, wifi, large keyboard with separated numeric key, 4Gb memory, 500Gb disk for 320 euros (no brand name)... any of them works very well with FreeBSD, NetBSD or Linux... A friend of mine bought 10 of those for his company employees.. it is cheapper than upgrade de desktops That is my experience Sergio Anton ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
problem with pkgng
I am attempting to migrate a test box to pkgng, and have run into difficulty: When I run the pkg2ng script, it fails to register postgreql-jdbc because one if its files, namely /usr/local/share/doc/postgresql/README-client, is also installed by postgresql-client-9.2.1. In this, pkgng is perfectly correct, but how do I work around the issue? My assumption is that I will need to use pkg register with a hacked plist file from which the offending entry has been removed. Can anyone shed light on how to achieve this? I'm afraid I'm rather a novice at present. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Issues with smartd starting up at boot time - delays sever start?
In the last episode (Nov 13), Karl Pielorz said: I've noticed on our systems (9.0-Stable, amd64) that starting smartd at boot time massively extends the startup time of the box. I think I've traced this down to smartd, and our use of the '-M test' config option (which sends a test message, apparently forking to 'mail' - and, as the config man page says - it will block until that command returns). For whatever reason (networking not stable at that point in time, MTA not started yet etc.) - on our machines this leaves smartd handing around for minutes - before it returns, the machine starts up (and the status emails arrive). Can anyone think of a 'simple' fix for this? - Is there anything I can do to '/usr/local/etc/rc.d/smartd' to make it run later in the startup process? Try adding mail to the REQUIRE: line, since sendmail has that in its PROVIDES: line. -- Dan Nelson dnel...@allantgroup.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
Friedrich == Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com writes: Friedrich I am aware og ngnix, but i have to write my own http Friedrich server. Using someone else solution is not an option. As this is a very unusual requirement (given that nginx is available under the most free license available), I think you owe us a better explanation. -- Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095 mer...@stonehenge.com URL:http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/ Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc. See http://methodsandmessages.posterous.com/ for Smalltalk discussion ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
Jesus Christ! The http server is just an excuse, ok? Happy now? I just need to know, for a tcp server which of those apporaches could deliver best results! That's really the question was all about ! On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 4:21 PM, Randal L. Schwartz mer...@stonehenge.comwrote: Friedrich == Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com writes: Friedrich I am aware og ngnix, but i have to write my own http Friedrich server. Using someone else solution is not an option. As this is a very unusual requirement (given that nginx is available under the most free license available), I think you owe us a better explanation. -- Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095 mer...@stonehenge.com URL:http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/ Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc. See http://methodsandmessages.posterous.com/ for Smalltalk discussion ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: high performance server design approach
I am really sorry i offend you! It was not my wish! On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 4:48 PM, Randal L. Schwartz mer...@stonehenge.comwrote: Friedrich == Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com writes: Friedrich The http server is just an excuse, ok? Happy now? So why lie to us, then? Not very nice to lie to people from whom you want help and answers and advice... FOR FREE. -- Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095 mer...@stonehenge.com URL:http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/ Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc. See http://methodsandmessages.posterous.com/ for Smalltalk discussion ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:08:12AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh *out*.
to my
server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a string
like
Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards or setup
wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to comparing
tao to ethic.
The dhclient is a client (just as the ssh program), while
the system has to run some kind of SSH _server_ (sshd on
FreeBSD for example). Additionally, network configuration
and especially firewall has to _permit_ the access to that
specific service (that has to be enabled).
hmmm. that might be it. my firewall is in a nice small, 4w netgear
box. it's got a web interface and runs some flavor of firewall that
I never studied. yuk.
The way _how_ to enable it depends on the distribution you're
using and is very different among the Linusi.
rt., and this is fedora, my least fav distro. But I've always had
trouble with ssh, even with FBSD.
There is a nice summary on how to get the OpenSSH server
set up on Fedora:
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Configuring_Fedora_Linux_Remote_Access_using_SSH
Basically, it's about installing and enabling it. The article
also discusses how to enable configure the firewall properly.
thank you. I'll ck it out. also google other stuff if I have to.
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
--
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix
Twenty-six years of service to the Unix community.
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Re: high performance server design approach
Friedrich == Friedrich Locke friedrich.lo...@gmail.com writes: Friedrich The http server is just an excuse, ok? Happy now? So why lie to us, then? Not very nice to lie to people from whom you want help and answers and advice... FOR FREE. -- Randal L. Schwartz - Stonehenge Consulting Services, Inc. - +1 503 777 0095 mer...@stonehenge.com URL:http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/ Smalltalk/Perl/Unix consulting, Technical writing, Comedy, etc. etc. See http://methodsandmessages.posterous.com/ for Smalltalk discussion ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 03:10:33PM +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh
*out*. to my server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh
back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a
string like Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards
or setup wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from
OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to
you wanted to say 'jawohl'?
Erich
Ha! yes! I did not know it was one word, but should have remembered
the v should be a w ...
--
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Twenty-six years of service to the Unix community.
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Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:12:55AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 15:10:33 +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh
*out*. to my server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh
back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a
string like Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards
or setup wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from
OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to
you wanted to say 'jawohl'?
Jawohl mein Herr! :-)
What, no comma!?
:)
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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--
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix
Twenty-six years of service to the Unix community.
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Re: well, try here first...
Hi,
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 11:00:07 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:12:55AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 15:10:33 +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can
ssh *out*. to my server, vut from my server or wherever, I
cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an
instant Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get
a string like Connnection closed. can any of you network
wizards or setup wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff
is from OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to
you wanted to say 'jawohl'?
Jawohl mein Herr! :-)
What, no comma!?
what the Playboy did to the German language ...
Playboy's German tag line missed out on a comma too. It was obviously a
mistake. I have heard that they brought it back after decades of no
comma in the tag line.
You know, while in other countries man could say that they read Playboy
only because of the articles, in Germany they read Playboy only to check
on the comma.
Erich
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Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:08:12AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh *out*.
to my
server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a string
like
Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards or setup
wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to comparing
tao to ethic.
The dhclient is a client (just as the ssh program), while
the system has to run some kind of SSH _server_ (sshd on
FreeBSD for example). Additionally, network configuration
and especially firewall has to _permit_ the access to that
specific service (that has to be enabled).
and I believe you need to give the full path name; that's one of the
things ii just did.
The way _how_ to enable it depends on the distribution you're
using and is very different among the Linusi.
rt., and this is fedora, my least fav distro. But I've always had
trouble with ssh, even with FBSD.
There is a nice summary on how to get the OpenSSH server
set up on Fedora:
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Configuring_Fedora_Linux_Remote_Access_using_SSH
Basically, it's about installing and enabling it. The article
also discusses how to enable configure the firewall properly.
well, it works. im not sure what I did, but no comp;laints!
I'm running pfSense in a netgear box. before I rebooted, my
local IP ended in .114; after and now it moved to .113. when
I did an ssh 10.47.0.113, voila! the new tao requested my password.
and I was in. and go ssh back and forth. Whew!
thanks for the help, guys.
gary
ps: I'v got to figure out how to remove gnome and install kde,
c, but at least that should be easy.
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
--
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org http://www.thought.org Public Service Unix
Twenty-six years of service to the Unix community.
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Re: Advanced Format Drive ?
In message 20121113073030.87bc0608.free...@edvax.de, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote: Note that 4k = 8 x 512 byte, and so 64 sectors would be a good alignment grid, while 63 sectors is not. That implies that in case you use fdisk to create a slice holding your partitions, try to make it start at sector 64 (63 would have been the default). OK. I've only ever used the FreeBSD fdisk to just look at what the current (DOS) partitioning is, so I guess I'll have to dig into the man page and try to figure out how to actually use it to create a DOS partition starting at block 64. After that, use bsdlabel to create the partitions inside the slice as you want. Make them multiples of 1M or 1G, OK. I think that I always was doing that anyway. But I want to be sure that I understand... If the size of the BSD partition is a multiple of, say, !MB, then the _alignment_ of that partition will likewise (auto- magically) be at least 1MB also? Or do I need to set the alignment separately, e.g. my manually running bsdlabel? (Normally, I've just been using what noadays is being called guided partitioning, you know, with the friendly curses-based GUI. So As with fdisk, I have no real experience using bsdlabee from teh command line. But I guess it is time that i learned how.) that should be no big deal because disks are big and cheap today. :-) Yes, exactly so. I am not exactly going to sweat losing even, say, one megabyte now that I am the proud owner of a shiny new one TERABYTE drive. (Thirty years ago, I could hardly have even ever imagined that such might exist one day, let alone that I myself would own one, and let alone that I might have been able to purchase one for less than $100 USD. Rather amazing really.) You can then easily use newfs with the -f parameter: newfs -U -f 4096 device This will make sure the proper fragment size will be applied upon formatting the created partitions. OK. Thanks. I am guessing that this is really the one and probably _only_ thing that might really make any significant difference, performance- wise, right? I mean if the partition is improperly aligned, that really only would affect reading and/or writing at the very beginning or at the very end of the partition, right? Whereas this -f parameter for newfs is, I gather, the thing that really tells the kernel the size of the physical chunks of data that it can/should read/write to the drive at any one time, right? And while we are on the subject... Has anybody ever down any analysis (i.e. benchmarking) to find out if -f 4096 is even the best number for a modern high(er) capacity drive? I'm just sort-of wondering if 8192 or 16384 might be better. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Advanced Format Drive ?
In message 50a2002b.9040...@qeng-ho.org, Arthur Chance free...@qeng-ho.org wrote: According to the manual as of 9.0-RELEASE the default fragment and block sizes for newfs are 4k and 32k, so provided your partitions/slices are 4k aligned everything Should Just Work. Before 9.0 fragments and blocks were 2k and 16k which doesn't play so well with 4k drives. Thank you Arthur for pointing this out. This comes as welcome news, since now, it would seem, I won't have to get down a grunge around trying to run the command line versions of fdisk, bsdlabel, and newfs. (Normally, I prefer doing most things from the command line, but initializing new disks for use with FreeBSD is one of the rare exceptional cases where I prefer to have a bit of a GUI wrapper that's double checking to make sure that I don't do anything completely goofy.) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: portsnap
On Mon, Nov 12, 2012 at 6:13 PM, ajtiM lum...@gmail.com wrote: On Monday 12 November 2012 17:46:44 Aldis Berjoza wrote: 13.11.2012, 01:27, ajtiM lum...@gmail.com: Hi! Is it something wrong with portsnap server or is something wrong with my system. When I run portsnap...: portsnap fetch update Looking up portsnap.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 6 mirrors found. Fetching snapshot tag from your-org.portsnap.freebsd.org... done. Latest snapshot on server matches what we already have. No updates needed. Ports tree is already up to date. but on http://www.freshports.org/ are many new ports (I like update Sage). Thanks in advance. Mitja It takes some time for mirrors to catch up. But is it about 12 hours okay (maybe more)? Thanks. Mitja I have the same problem going on 2 days now... http://www.redbubble.com/people/lumiwa ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: portsnap
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 11:19 PM, Jason Garrett kinged...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, Nov 12, 2012 at 6:13 PM, ajtiM lum...@gmail.com wrote: On Monday 12 November 2012 17:46:44 Aldis Berjoza wrote: 13.11.2012, 01:27, ajtiM lum...@gmail.com: Hi! Is it something wrong with portsnap server or is something wrong with my system. When I run portsnap...: portsnap fetch update Looking up portsnap.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 6 mirrors found. Fetching snapshot tag from your-org.portsnap.freebsd.org... done. Latest snapshot on server matches what we already have. No updates needed. Ports tree is already up to date. but on http://www.freshports.org/ are many new ports (I like update Sage). Thanks in advance. Mitja It takes some time for mirrors to catch up. But is it about 12 hours okay (maybe more)? Thanks. Mitja I have the same problem going on 2 days now... Same. This is in Europe. -- chs, ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Custom ISO mount script problem
I have a server that I use to host ISO images, and mount them so they are available via network shares. I ran into a problem today, I temporarily made an ISO image accessible via a md device and mounted it under /mnt just to check the data on the ISO image. My ISO mount script ran its updated check while this was there, and hung up because of it. Now the obvious solution is to fix my script, but as I am baffled as to why it hung-up, it does do a query on md devices, and will try to dismount any that are mounted if they don't match its criteria, and delete the md device as well. However as it would have found this one in use, it should have just returned a failure and continued on. However it didn't and then when I tried to manually umount it, my umount command hung as well. What I was left with was two umount commands attempting to umount /dev/md1000 both stuck, they wouldn't respond to a kill -9 I couldn't use mdconfig -d -u 1000 to delete the md device, even with a -o force (had yet another process stuck). After 1 hour all processes were still hung, killing the shell left them zombied, but still hung there, tying up the md device. I was left with rebooting the server, until I can figure out why my script broke and didn't just error and continue the remaining checks in its list. Does anyone have any idea how if this happens again to kill these hung-up umount processes, without rebooting the server? This could be a fun one to fix, because so far attempting to duplicate the problem hasn't worked, think I just have to time something just right, or wrong depended how you look at it. -- Thanks, Dean E. Weimer http://www.dweimer.net/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Advanced Format Drive ?
From: Ronald F. Guilmette r...@tristatelogic.com Subject: Re: Advanced Format Drive ? Date: Tue, 13 Nov 2012 14:07:50 -0800 And while we are on the subject... Has anybody ever down any analysis (i.e. benchmarking) to find out if -f 4096 is even the best number for a modern high(er) capacity drive? I'm just sort-of wondering if 8192 or 16384 might be better. As long as the fragment size is a power-of-two multiple of the media sector size, there is no significant performance difference. The only case where a larger fragment size makes any difference is heavy random i/o on files where the larger fragment size translates to one less level of indirect block in the meta-data. Larger fragment sizes also make for more 'waste' space in the 'used' part of the disk, assuming random file sizes. And reduce the space savings gained by _not_ writing 'holes' to disk. For these reasons, in general, small is better. freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Resolved: Attempting to build a port uses a stale make(1) configuration
Втр 13 Ноя 2012 04:10:46 от Австин Ким avs...@mail.ru: Hi, all, While attempting to build the KDE 4 port, the build of /usr/ports/astro/gpsd (which recursively got pulled in somewhere) failed because make(1) tried to build using a version of GCC that I had installed from ports at one time but long since `make deinstall'ed: ... cc -o gpxlogger.o -c -D_GNU_SOURCE -Wextra -Wall -Wno-uninitialized -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wcast-align -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wreturn-type -O2 -pipe -O3 -march=native -fno-strict-aliasing gpxlogger.c cc -o gpxlogger -Wl,-rpath=//usr/local/lib gpxlogger.o -L. -L/usr/local/lib -lrt -lgps -lm cc -o lcdgps.o -c -D_GNU_SOURCE -Wextra -Wall -Wno-uninitialized -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wcast-align -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wreturn-type -O2 -pipe -O3 -march=native -fno-strict-aliasing lcdgps.c cc -o lcdgps -Wl,-rpath=//usr/local/lib lcdgps.o -L. -L/usr/local/lib -lrt -lgps -lm gcc48 -o gpsclient-py_2_7_3_final_0.so -c -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -pipe -O3 -march=native -fno-strict-aliasing -fPIC -DNDEBUG -O2 -pipe -mfpmath=sse,387 -march=pentium4 -fno-strict-aliasing -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 gpsclient.c gcc48: not found scons: *** [gpsclient-py_2_7_3_final_0.so] Error 127 scons: building terminated because of errors. *** [do-build] Error code 2 Stop in /usr/ports/astro/gpsd. *** [build] Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/astro/gpsd. At one time I had installed GCC 4.8.0 from ports, but later removed it (due to stability issues), reverting back to using the default system compiler. I removed the /usr/ports/lang/gcc48 port using `make deinstall,' and then removed any mention of `*48' from /etc/make.conf. However, when make(1) tries to build /usr/ports/astro/gpsd above, it apparently tries to use an old setting of `CC=gcc48' and old settings of `CPUTYPE=pentium4' and `CCFLAGS+=-mfpmath=sse,387' that I once had in /etc/make.conf but long since deleted. Any ideas where these stale make/build configurations might be lingering? I suspect that the old options may be in some Python-related config file somewhere, but I have so far not been able to find where. I know this doesn't give a lot to go on, but can anyone suggest possible places to try looking for stale configuration files? Thanks in advance! Austin Kim Never mind; I figured it out. Shortly after bringing my FreeBSD system up, I installed GNU GCC 4.8.0 from Ports (/usr/ports/lang/gcc48) and set `CC=gcc48,' `CXX=g++48,' `CPP=cpp48,' et al., in /etc/make.conf. Then, as other ports got built under this configuration, Python 2.7 (/usr/ports/lang/python27) got pulled in for the ride, and when that was built, the above settings made their way into /usr/local/lib/python2.7/config/Makefile: ... CC= gcc48 CXX=g++48 ... CONFIG_ARGS= '--with-threads' '--enable-unicode=ucs4' '--enable-ipv6' '--with-fpectl' '--prefix=/usr/local' '--mandir=/usr/local/man' '--infodir=/usr/local/info/' '--build=i386-portbld-freebsd9.1' 'build_alias=i386-portbld-freebsd9.1' 'CC=gcc48' 'CFLAGS=-O2 -pipe -mfpmath=sse,387 -march=pentium4 -fno-strict-aliasing' 'LDFLAGS= -pthread' 'CPPFLAGS=' 'CPP=cpp48' ... Later, after deinstalling GCC 4.8 and reverting back to using the FreeBSD system compiler, the vestigial settings above would on occasion get invoked when building other ports that presumably used scons or other Python-related build mechanisms, causing the `gcc48: not found' error above. Reinstalling the Python 2.7 port from scratch with the updated /etc/make.conf fixed the problem. Judging from the (lack of) responses, I guess no one else has run into issues arising from using different compilers or compiler versions at different times to build ports :) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 04:47:48AM +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 11:00:07 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:12:55AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 15:10:33 +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to
you wanted to say 'jawohl'?
Jawohl mein Herr! :-)
What, no comma!?
what the Playboy did to the German language ...
Playboy's German tag line missed out on a comma too. It was obviously a
mistake. I have heard that they brought it back after decades of no
comma in the tag line.
do you mean that it was Play boy? or what? what was the tag line?
You know, while in other countries man could say that they read Playboy
only because of the articles, in Germany they read Playboy only to check
on the comma.
:-) funny. I, of course, =always= read playboy for the articles,
just like every other guy. {that line goes back to the early
1970s. at least.}
gary
Erich
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Re: Advanced Format Drive ?
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 2:07 PM, Ronald F. Guilmette r...@tristatelogic.comwrote: You can then easily use newfs with the -f parameter: newfs -U -f 4096 device This will make sure the proper fragment size will be applied upon formatting the created partitions. OK. Thanks. I am guessing that this is really the one and probably _only_ thing that might really make any significant difference, performance- wise, right? I mean if the partition is improperly aligned, that really only would affect reading and/or writing at the very beginning or at the very end of the partition, right? No, I think it'll affect the whole thing, because every block will be straddling two 4k sectors instead of filling one. Then the drive has to read and rewrite two sectors for every one block you write, instead of just one, slowing things down to half speed. Imagine running across the top of a picket fence...if you start half a fencepost off things are going to be painful. ;) ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
Hi,
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 17:07:38 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 04:47:48AM +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 11:00:07 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:12:55AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 15:10:33 +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to
you wanted to say 'jawohl'?
Jawohl mein Herr! :-)
What, no comma!?
what the Playboy did to the German language ...
Playboy's German tag line missed out on a comma too. It was
obviously a mistake. I have heard that they brought it back after
decades of no comma in the tag line.
do you mean that it was Play boy? or what? what was the tag
line?
Playboy alles was Maennern Spass macht
Playboy corrected this meanwhile as you can see on www.playboy.de.
Just on the side. Does playboy.com still mirror FreeBSD as they did
many years ago?
Erich
You know, while in other countries man could say that they read
Playboy only because of the articles, in Germany they read Playboy
only to check on the comma.
:-) funny. I, of course, =always= read playboy for the
articles, just like every other guy. {that line goes back to the
early 1970s. at least.}
A brother-in-law does this for another professional reason. He does or
did those days plastic surgery and has had to see the results of other
people's work. Of course, he was also interested in the articles.
Listening to his comments was more fun than reading the humour page of
Playboy.
Erich
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Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 10:50:40 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:08:12AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 23:57:21 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 06:39:52AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Mon, 12 Nov 2012 21:22:00 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh *out*.
to my
server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a string
like
Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards or setup
wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from OpenBSD.}
Have you checked that tao is actually running a SSH server?
ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to comparing
tao to ethic.
The dhclient is a client (just as the ssh program), while
the system has to run some kind of SSH _server_ (sshd on
FreeBSD for example). Additionally, network configuration
and especially firewall has to _permit_ the access to that
specific service (that has to be enabled).
hmmm. that might be it. my firewall is in a nice small, 4w netgear
box. it's got a web interface and runs some flavor of firewall that
I never studied. yuk.
I assume your HW firewall protects you to the outside. Of
course it should allow SSH connections from the outside to
the tao box _if_ you want it that way.
But I was thinking about the firewall run by the Fedora OS
that might block SSH connections to tao, no matter from
where they come, just as if you would have set up FreeBSD's
ipfw with the default to deny connections: without explicitely
enabling SSH connections the server cannot be reached, no
matter if it's running.
The way _how_ to enable it depends on the distribution you're
using and is very different among the Linusi.
rt., and this is fedora, my least fav distro. But I've always had
trouble with ssh, even with FBSD.
There is a nice summary on how to get the OpenSSH server
set up on Fedora:
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Configuring_Fedora_Linux_Remote_Access_using_SSH
Basically, it's about installing and enabling it. The article
also discusses how to enable configure the firewall properly.
thank you. I'll ck it out. also google other stuff if I have to.
Check if the Techotopia article matches your version of Fedora.
It shows how to install and enable the SSH server and also
mentions the built-in firewall that has to be configured
to allow connections to that server.
From my limited experience with Fedora (haven't used it for some
time), this looks like what you need to do.
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: Advanced Format Drive ?
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012, Ronald F. Guilmette wrote: OK. I think that I always was doing that anyway. But I want to be sure that I understand... If the size of the BSD partition is a multiple of, say, !MB, then the _alignment_ of that partition will likewise (auto- magically) be at least 1MB also? No. If you start with $0.63, and only add full dollars or tens, you will still never have an integer amount of dollars. Or do I need to set the alignment separately, e.g. my manually running bsdlabel? (Normally, I've just been using what noadays is being called guided partitioning, you know, with the friendly curses-based GUI. So As with fdisk, I have no real experience using bsdlabee from teh command line. But I guess it is time that i learned how.) I don't know of a way to make fdisk and bsdlabel do the correct alignment. But that's okay, because gpart(8) does everything they do, and more. Creating MBRs and bsdlabels is more work, but gpart can do it, and do the juggling to get the bsdlabel partitions to line up. Again, I suggest that GPT is the much easier and more versatile way. But if you insist on MBR/bsdlabel, there are examples of creating it with gpart in the new gmirror section of the GEOM chapter of the Handbook: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/geom-mirror.html ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
2012-11-13 06:22, Gary Kline skrev:
guys,
hold your flame-throwers, because this is about how to get ssh working
from an outside computer into my brand new tao that is running a
flavor of linux. I just got my quad i5 box to replace the old, broken
tao. this was the box with the busted USB. [!] Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh *out*. to my
server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a string like
Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards or setup
wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from OpenBSD.}
anybody know what im NOT doing?
You have to start the ssh daemon (sshd)
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Re: well, try here first...
On Wed, 14 Nov 2012 08:26:00 +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote: Hi, On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 17:07:38 -0800 Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 04:47:48AM +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote: Hi, On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 11:00:07 -0800 Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: On Tue, Nov 13, 2012 at 09:12:55AM +0100, Polytropon wrote: On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 15:10:33 +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote: Hi, ja vohl. futher dhclient is there. I'll go back to you wanted to say 'jawohl'? Jawohl mein Herr! :-) What, no comma!? what the Playboy did to the German language ... Playboy's German tag line missed out on a comma too. It was obviously a mistake. I have heard that they brought it back after decades of no comma in the tag line. do you mean that it was Play boy? or what? what was the tag line? Playboy alles was Maennern Spass macht Ouch. Unlike in English, the comma in German is an important symbol in grammar. It brings structure to sentences. In English, there is the word order that achieves this goal, and a comma is mostly optional or left to preferences. In German, there are rules where to place a comma, and where not to. Those rules are relatively easy to understand, and luckily they do not leave much space for individual preferences. :-) In the above example, Playboy, alles was Maennern Spass macht or better using a hyphen Playboy - alles was Maennern Spass macht would have been correct, as it's shown on the current web page in a correct manner. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 03:58:14AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
On Wed, 14 Nov 2012 08:26:00 +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Hi,
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 17:07:38 -0800
Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote:
On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 04:47:48AM +0700, Erich Dollansky wrote:
Playboy alles was Maennern Spass macht
Ouch.
Unlike in English, the comma in German is an important symbol
in grammar. It brings structure to sentences. In English, there
is the word order that achieves this goal, and a comma is
mostly optional or left to preferences. In German, there are
rules where to place a comma, and where not to. Those rules
are relatively easy to understand, and luckily they do not
leave much space for individual preferences. :-)
In the above example,
Playboy, alles was Maennern Spass macht
or better using a hyphen
Playboy - alles was Maennern Spass macht
would have been correct, as it's shown on the current web page
in a correct manner.
So! this explains a lot that I've noticed over the years.
remember that im beyong =getting= old; I really Am old.
before I started high school, the rules for commas were
almost set in concrete. my english teacher took points off
if there was an incorrect comma. it looks like in germany
language has remained very strict. {but then, that's why
punctuation exists.}
I've noticed an easing of punctuation--esp'ly in the use of
commas--in how I was taught. but let's face it: it's easier
to text by slacking off. :)
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
--
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Twenty-six years of service to the Unix community.
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Re: well, try here first...
On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 02:35:43AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
box. it's got a web interface and runs some flavor of firewall that
I never studied. yuk.
I assume your HW firewall protects you to the outside. Of
course it should allow SSH connections from the outside to
the tao box _if_ you want it that way.
my netgear and pfSense setup surprised me this afternoon. the
initial setup listed my internal IP as
10.47.0.114,
but something I did changed the DHCP leases section to
10.47.0.113 .
after that, I could ssh out and then ssh back to tao.
But I was thinking about the firewall run by the Fedora OS
that might block SSH connections to tao, no matter from
where they come, just as if you would have set up FreeBSD's
ipfw with the default to deny connections: without explicitely
enabling SSH connections the server cannot be reached, no
matter if it's running.
I havent used ipfw for many years. the most recent firewall I
ran was on FBSD 5.X and was {i think} pfw. I got quite good
at it. I should learn more about plain pf and pfSense.
do you know if pf/pfsense defaults to DENY incoming connections?
that would explain a Lot!
The way _how_ to enable it depends on the distribution you're
using and is very different among the Linusi.
rt., and this is fedora, my least fav distro. But I've always
had
trouble with ssh, even with FBSD.
There is a nice summary on how to get the OpenSSH server
set up on Fedora:
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Configuring_Fedora_Linux_Remote_Access_using_SSH
Basically, it's about installing and enabling it. The article
also discusses how to enable configure the firewall properly.
thank you. I'll ck it out. also google other stuff if I have to.
Check if the Techotopia article matches your version of Fedora.
It shows how to install and enable the SSH server and also
mentions the built-in firewall that has to be configured
to allow connections to that server.
the URL you had was fedora-13; what I installed fedora-17.
and just recently--maybe when I rebooted--i saw fedora-19[?]
not sure... .
From my limited experience with Fedora (haven't used it for some
time), this looks like what you need to do.
well, the deal is that my volunteer system admin worked for
red hat for about 5 years. I'm more used to ubuntu, but my
friend says that im on my own
anyway, things are starting to eork. [!]
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
--
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Re: well, try here first...
On Nov 13, 2012, at 7:58 PM, Polytropon wrote: Ouch. Unlike in English, the comma in German is an important symbol in grammar. It brings structure to sentences. In English, there is the word order that achieves this goal, and a comma is mostly optional or left to preferences. In German, there are rules where to place a comma, and where not to. Those rules are relatively easy to understand, and luckily they do not leave much space for individual preferences. :-) In the above example, Playboy, alles was Maennern Spass macht or better using a hyphen Playboy - alles was Maennern Spass macht would have been correct, as it's shown on the current web page in a correct manner. To be fair, a lot of the same rules exist for English. The comma is not optional or left to preferences in English, either. There are definite rules and it brings structure. Unfortunately, lots of people forget (or don't pay attention to) these rules, or, they are casual with them in the casual forms of communication, like email. (And there are some people who believe that the text language is English -- OMG, WTF, GR8, B4, LOL, etc -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_language ) Wie mit deutscher Sprache, man kann (mit englischer Sprache) vieles mit der Wortstellung machen. Und dazu, ist, natürlich, die richtige Anwendung (und Verständnis) der Grammatik wichtig. (Like with the German language, one can do a lot with word order (in English). And for that, the proper use and understanding of Grammar is important) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eats,_Shoots_%26_Leaves Und Playboy alles was Maennern Spass macht ist 100% verständlich auf deutsch, da es einen richtigen Dativ Kasus gibt, im Gegensatz zu englischer Sprache. (and playboy -- everything that is fun for men [in German] is 100% understandable in German, because there is a real dative case in German, unlike in english.) Gruss aus Utah Chad
Re: well, try here first...
On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 04:01:20AM +0100, Bernt Hansson wrote:
2012-11-13 06:22, Gary Kline skrev:
guys,
hold your flame-throwers, because this is about how to get ssh working
from an outside computer into my brand new tao that is running a
flavor of linux. I just got my quad i5 box to replace the old, broken
tao. this was the box with the busted USB. [!] Anyway, linux is
installed; the box is on my internal IP net. I can ssh *out*. to my
server, vut from my server or wherever, I cant ssh back in.
doing an % ssh 10.47.0.114 OR ssh tao gives me an instant
Connection refused. if I try an ssh -X tao I get a string like
Connnection closed. can any of you network wizards or setup
wizards clue me in. {FWIW:: the ssh stuff is from OpenBSD.}
anybody know what im NOT doing?
You have to start the ssh daemon (sshd)
this may have been what did the trick; also, you need the full
path.
--
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Twenty-six years of service to the Unix community.
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Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 20:09:08 -0800, Gary Kline wrote:
On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 02:35:43AM +0100, Polytropon wrote:
box. it's got a web interface and runs some flavor of firewall that
I never studied. yuk.
I assume your HW firewall protects you to the outside. Of
course it should allow SSH connections from the outside to
the tao box _if_ you want it that way.
my netgear and pfSense setup surprised me this afternoon. the
initial setup listed my internal IP as
10.47.0.114,
but something I did changed the DHCP leases section to
10.47.0.113 .
after that, I could ssh out and then ssh back to tao.
If you have the option of configuring the DHCP subsystem to
hand out IPs according to MAC addresses, that should make you
safe from reboots and _possible_ new IPs. (At least that's
how I've configured my home system so every device will get
the same IP, no matter how or when it requests one from the
DHCP server. It also includes certain port redirections so
a SSH request from external source will _always_ be directed
to the _correct_ machine on the LAN.)
But I was thinking about the firewall run by the Fedora OS
that might block SSH connections to tao, no matter from
where they come, just as if you would have set up FreeBSD's
ipfw with the default to deny connections: without explicitely
enabling SSH connections the server cannot be reached, no
matter if it's running.
I havent used ipfw for many years. the most recent firewall I
ran was on FBSD 5.X and was {i think} pfw. I got quite good
at it. I should learn more about plain pf and pfSense.
do you know if pf/pfsense defaults to DENY incoming connections?
that would explain a Lot!
That depends on the pre-configuration of the firewall on the
Linux side. From reading the article I've mentioned, I got the
impression that the firewall would deny SSH connections per
default, and that _you_ would have to enable it if you wanted
to use that service. That is comparable to OpenBSD's service
disabled by default policy. I'm still not sure if this idea
will get much love or understanding in Linux land where an
do everything out of the box experience seems to be very
important among some distributions. :-)
On FreeBSD, ipfw can DEFAULT_TO_DENY or DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT, and you
have to specify your rules usually according to the chosen paradigm.
Of course, there are rules to achieve the same effect, even if in
the opposite paradigm.
The way _how_ to enable it depends on the distribution you're
using and is very different among the Linusi.
rt., and this is fedora, my least fav distro. But I've always
had
trouble with ssh, even with FBSD.
There is a nice summary on how to get the OpenSSH server
set up on Fedora:
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Configuring_Fedora_Linux_Remote_Access_using_SSH
Basically, it's about installing and enabling it. The article
also discusses how to enable configure the firewall properly.
thank you. I'll ck it out. also google other stuff if I have to.
Check if the Techotopia article matches your version of Fedora.
It shows how to install and enable the SSH server and also
mentions the built-in firewall that has to be configured
to allow connections to that server.
the URL you had was fedora-13; what I installed fedora-17.
and just recently--maybe when I rebooted--i saw fedora-19[?]
not sure... .
Then there's the possibility that things have changed. Even though
there should not be a massive or paradigm-wide shift in things, you
never know when using automated updating on Linux. Still the
instructions should be usable at least to identify the steps
involved and the tools to be used.
--
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 20:20:51 -0700, Chad Leigh Shire.Net LLC wrote: On Nov 13, 2012, at 7:58 PM, Polytropon wrote: Ouch. Unlike in English, the comma in German is an important symbol in grammar. It brings structure to sentences. In English, there is the word order that achieves this goal, and a comma is mostly optional or left to preferences. In German, there are rules where to place a comma, and where not to. Those rules are relatively easy to understand, and luckily they do not leave much space for individual preferences. :-) In the above example, Playboy, alles was Maennern Spass macht or better using a hyphen Playboy - alles was Maennern Spass macht would have been correct, as it's shown on the current web page in a correct manner. To be fair, a lot of the same rules exist for English. The comma is not optional or left to preferences in English, either. There are definite rules and it brings structure. That matches what I've learned in school, but it doesn't match realitiy anymore. :-) A famous thing is comma in lists: Unlike German, where and substitutes a comma, in English it seems to be valid to put a comma infront of and: He bought a glass, a towel, a toothpick, and a nose. In German, that would be Er kaufte ein Glas, ein Handtuch, einen Zahnstocker und eine Nase. There are in fact only two exceptions of comma prior to 'and' in German. But I don't want to start a school lesson here. The exceptions are closures and appended main clause. :-) Unfortunately, lots of people forget (or don't pay attention to) these rules, or, they are casual with them in the casual forms of communication, like email. Well, I don't think that the e-mail (as a medium) implies abandoning rules for written language. Sure, it's sloppy very often, but it should not mangle the languge in a way that the reader has to guess or to ask for what the writer wanted to express. Proper spelling and punctuation help a lot, and it should not be too much struggle to get it right: children learn it in the early years in school, so why should adults forget it? (And there are some people who believe that the text language is English -- OMG, WTF, GR8, B4, LOL, etc -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_language ) There is also a transition of this written representation to spoken language - some (young) people actually speaking like SMS. I don't think that people actually confuse SMS text with the actual english language. They could have done so almost 100 years ago with Q groups and abbreviations used in amateur radio telegraphy (and even in phone mode), ok dr om, hw? :-) All those specific language deviations have their place and are fully valid. It depends on context. For example, if you got a business letter with every 3rd word spelled wrong and containing SMS and L33T slang, would you take it as a serious information? Form and content have to match. Nobody would accept a tax form printed on toilet paper, even if it would be 100% correct in all content and number details. Wie mit deutscher Sprache, man kann (mit englischer Sprache) vieles mit der Wortstellung machen. Und dazu, ist, natürlich, die richtige Anwendung (und Verständnis) der Grammatik wichtig. Sure it is, but it's not about an 1:1 translation. You need to think in German if you want to get it fully right. Baumkuchen... :-) Your sentence would have been: In der deutschen Sprache kann man (wie in der englischen Sprache) vieles mit der Wortstellung machen. Dazu ist natürlich die richtige Anwendung (und das Verstaendnis) der Grammatik wichtig. That is little difference, but it makes a big difference in readability. Note that the structure of a sentence, aided by punctuation, is an important part during the reading experience. Sentences that do not show any structure are hard to read and to understand, and a missing comma can decide about life or death easily: KILL HIM NOT WAIT UNTIL I ARRIVE It's either kill him, not wait until I arrive or kill him not, wait until I arrive, and this translation is not very good as nicht ~= do not cannot be represented so nicely as in the german equivalent sentence. Er begann seinen Hut auf dem Kopf zu essen. is another (famous) example of how a missing comma can confuse the reader: He started eating the hat on his head is the first interpretation, even if He started eating, (having) the hat on his head, and the comma already makes this difference. (Like with the German language, one can do a lot with word order (in English). And for that, the proper use and understanding of Grammar is important) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eats,_Shoots_%26_Leaves Haha, nice! :-) But pleese pay atension too, the new englis orfograffy which make`s every thing easyer to under stand and, more freedems to mak punctation and les speeling errer's. Funkzionier't auch in, Deutsch! :-) Und Playboy alles was
Re: well, try here first...
On Nov 13, 2012, at 9:48 PM, Polytropon wrote: That matches what I've learned in school, but it doesn't match realitiy anymore. :-) A famous thing is comma in lists: Unlike German, where and substitutes a comma, in English it seems to be valid to put a comma infront of and: He bought a glass, a towel, a toothpick, and a nose. In German, that would be Er kaufte ein Glas, ein Handtuch, einen Zahnstocker und eine Nase. This is interesting, because the comma before the and in a list is much more understandable, because it is open to less interpretation. This is where the eats shoots and leaves comes in, kind of. There are similar examples where ambiguity arises from the lack of a comma before and in a list. The comma before the and is traditional English. There are, however, lots of people who advocate for the lack of a comma before the and in a list and that is taught in some classes in some schools. I don't claim to be a great German speaker or writer. I have not visited there in 12 years nor lived there in almost 20 years. But people at least can understand me and I can get my point across. :) Most of my post was meant to support what you were saying, btw. As well as give examples and interesting tidbits. I agree that proper grammar is important in language, even when I don't always use it or do it; especially in informal speech like email lists, forums, etc. But pleese pay atension too, the new englis orfograffy which make`s every thing easyer to under stand and, more freedems to mak punctation and les speeling errer's. Funkzionier't auch in, Deutsch! :-) You must really be taking a conniption fit with the changes (Verbilligen -- cheapening -- though the exact words I was searching for have failed me tonight) that have happened in German in the last 10 or so years ( striking of ß; to always be written with ss now, etc)... Und Playboy alles was Maennern Spass macht ist 100% verständlich auf deutsch, da es einen richtigen Dativ Kasus gibt, im Gegensatz zu englischer Sprache. It may be 100% understandable, but it's not correct, because it's not a sentence or a grammatically valid construct. The translation would have been (quite literally, I admit): Playboy everything what men fun makes Actually, no. A more correct translation would be:Playboy everything that to men fun makes. [Or, if you wanted the same mistake (lack of comma or hyphen) but proper English word order: Playboy everything that is fun for men.] Männern is dative case, which, when used without a preposition, is best translated as to something where something is written with dative case endings. Again, a hyphen after the 1st word would it much more readable. (and playboy -- everything that is fun for men [in German] is 100% understandable in German, because there is a real dative case in German, unlike in english.) In _that_ translation, you've used the hyphen correctly (which was missing in the german version discussed). Yes, my bad. I was trying to write it the same but fixed it unconsciously. regards Chad
Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 22:27:37 -0700, Chad Leigh Shire.Net LLC wrote: On Nov 13, 2012, at 9:48 PM, Polytropon wrote: That matches what I've learned in school, but it doesn't match realitiy anymore. :-) A famous thing is comma in lists: Unlike German, where and substitutes a comma, in English it seems to be valid to put a comma infront of and: He bought a glass, a towel, a toothpick, and a nose. In German, that would be Er kaufte ein Glas, ein Handtuch, einen Zahnstocker und eine Nase. This is interesting, because the comma before the and in a list is much more understandable, because it is open to less interpretation. This is different to 'and' substitutes a comma, but makes sense. For example, I prefer reading the english documentation of FreeBSD (manpages, handbook, FAQ and articles) over their often sloppily and quite mechanically done translations. Good quality in documentation helps to raise the quality of the complete product. This is where the eats shoots and leaves comes in, kind of. There are similar examples where ambiguity arises from the lack of a comma before and in a list. The comma before the and is traditional English. Interesting, thanks for this pointer. So modern English is what makes the difference here... There are, however, lots of people who advocate for the lack of a comma before the and in a list and that is taught in some classes in some schools. This kind of arbitraryness is not good. Whatever way is preferred, it should be used consistently. I don't claim to be a great German speaker or writer. I have not visited there in 12 years nor lived there in almost 20 years. But people at least can understand me and I can get my point across. :) With enough mental variability, that shouldn't be a problem. :-) Most of my post was meant to support what you were saying, btw. As well as give examples and interesting tidbits. I agree that proper grammar is important in language, even when I don't always use it or do it; especially in informal speech like email lists, forums, etc. Personally I do not make such differences. Proper spelling is easier (at least for me) than artificially avoiding it, like _not_ putting a comma where it belongs to, _not_ capitalizing a word that is to be capitalized, or _not_ using the proper spelling in favour of some variant. However, I'm not considered normal so whatever I do does not imply anything. :-) But pleese pay atension too, the new englis orfograffy which make`s every thing easyer to under stand and, more freedems to mak punctation and les speeling errer's. Funkzionier't auch in, Deutsch! :-) You must really be taking a conniption fit with the changes (Verbilligen -- cheapening -- though the exact words I was searching for have failed me tonight) that have happened in German in the last 10 or so years ( striking of ß; to always be written with ss now, etc)... The Eszett has been abolished in Switzerland, not in Germany. The new rule (historically: old, has been abolished after about 100 years in use because too much prone to errors) says something about short vs. long vowels which is nonsense (as vowel length depends on dialect, not on spelling), so some valid ß get turned into ss. Effect: Most valid ß get turned into ss, and even some innocent s get turned into ss, like Massband or Zeugniss. :-) I'm still looking for a valid translation of bespaßen, an accusative-passive construct of to entertain somebody. :-) Und Playboy alles was Maennern Spass macht ist 100% verständlich auf deutsch, da es einen richtigen Dativ Kasus gibt, im Gegensatz zu englischer Sprache. It may be 100% understandable, but it's not correct, because it's not a sentence or a grammatically valid construct. The translation would have been (quite literally, I admit): Playboy everything what men fun makes Actually, no. A more correct translation would be: Playboy everything that to men fun makes. Yes, that's much more valid, that's why I wrote literally, which means sloppy and possibly wrong, because I didn't find a proper way to have the dative case encoding without adding additional words, so it's even wronger. :-) [Or, if you wanted the same mistake (lack of comma or hyphen) but proper English word order: Playboy everything that is fun for men.] Whom is it fun for? +Dativ. Whom is it fun to? +Dativ. Sadly, I can't bring the Dativ joke here: Ulli hat Dativ mitgebracht - für jedem einem. Ulli has brought Dativ - one for everyone. Yes, the translation isn't funny anymore. :-( Männern is dative case, which, when used without a preposition, is best translated as to something where something is written with dative case endings. Case endings and clear preposition requirements are something much stronger for example in the russian language. They are represented even in spelling. Here we have to get them from context.
Re: portsnap
Yeap. Same here: pluto# portsnap fetch update Looking up portsnap.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 6 mirrors found. Fetching snapshot tag from ec2-eu-west-1.portsnap.freebsd.org... done. Latest snapshot on server matches what we already have. No updates needed. Ports tree is already up to date. How can it be possible? 3 years now that I use FreeBSD there was not even a single day that we didn't have updates in the ports tree. How can it be possible for two consecutive days to have No updates needed.? Something is wrong... Regards Elias ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: well, try here first...
Date: Wed, 14 Nov 2012 05:48:48 +0100
From: Polytropon free...@edvax.de
Subject: Re: well, try here first...
On Tue, 13 Nov 2012 20:20:51 -0700, Chad Leigh Shire.Net LLC wrote:
To be fair, a lot of the same rules exist for English. The comma
is not optional or left to preferences in English, either. There
are definite rules and it brings structure.
That matches what I've learned in school, but it doesn't match
realitiy anymore. :-)
A famous thing is comma in lists: Unlike German, where and
substitutes a comma, in English it seems to be valid to put a
comma infront of and:
In 'classic' English (as taught in the 60s and earlier), a comma was
_required_ before a trailing 'and' in a list of 3 or more items, and forbidden
if there were only two items.
The famous eats roots, shoots... would parse as eating 3 objects, with the
comma before the 'and'.
for three actions, change the 'and' to 'then', comma before 'then'.
If eating two objects, eats roots AND shoots *comma* and... (emphasis added)
The accepted 'rules' changed about the time new math was foisted on the
world. The most visible ones involved comma placement, and punctuation
inside trailing quotes.
The password is frodo.
It is 5 characters long.
The password is frodo.
It is 6 characters long.
BAH, HUMBUG!!!
Make the first one:
The password is frodo.
and all the ambiguity goes away.*snarl*
He bought a glass, a towel, a toothpick, and a nose.
In German, that would be
Er kaufte ein Glas, ein Handtuch, einen Zahnstocker
und eine Nase.
how do you write:
The sandwich choices are: tuna salad, chicken, roast beef and
ham, and cheese.
*without* making the last option a '{2 meats} and cheese' sandwich ??
(the next-to-last has two types of meat on it)
*EVIL* grin
Note that the structure of a sentence, aided by
punctuation, is an important part during the reading experience.
Sentences that do not show any structure are hard to read and
to understand, and a missing comma can decide about life or
death easily:
KILL HIM NOT WAIT UNTIL I ARRIVE
the traditional one of these in English is:
Go kill Joe Brown
_who_ is to die depends on whether or not there is a comma after
the second word. Ditto for who -does- the deed.
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