Re: Why is the FreeBSD TCP/IP stack the best?

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/23/2010 11:20 AM, Ed Flecko wrote:

Hi folks,
I have several networking books (TCP/IP, Network Security, etc., etc.)
and it seems that several of them discuss TCP/IP in different
scenarios.

One of the common discussions of different OSes are their own
implementations of the TCP/IP stack. Most of the authors seem to agree
that while different OSes have their pros and cons, most seem to agree
that in terms of pure, network performance, no OS is better that
FreeBSD!

O.K., now you've got my curiosity...

1.) Do you agree?

2.) What makes the FreeBSD TCP/IP stack so much better and or
different than other OSes???

3.) Are there any good resources (URLs, books, etc.) that highlight
the differences???

Thank you,
Ed


1:   I don't know if I would call it the best without more details or 
some benchmarks.  Also really depends on your criteria for "best" really 
is.  That's a pretty general remark.


The only info I could find are some old ones, but only tests a few 
things network wise:

http://bulk.fefe.de/scalability/

2: Again, I don't know if it's better; but it's been around awhile and 
has been very stable and robust in my personal experience.


3: Sorry, I couldn't find much on google except what I posted above.






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Re: anybody onlist know about KVM stuff?

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/20/2010 7:07 PM, Gary Kline wrote:

On Fri, Aug 20, 2010 at 06:45:11PM -0500, Adam Vande More wrote:

On Fri, Aug 20, 2010 at 4:38 PM, Gary Kline  wrote:


of my three tower cases still linked by wires so i can "click-over"
to each and use my one screen and keyboard, my server
[ethic|ns1.thought.org] has a bad wire to my keyboard.  so i really
cannot do much on ethic.

i've crawled down under 8 or 9 times and messed with various wires.
that was extremely hard as fruitless.  (things were|everything WAS)
working fine until i added my battery backup.  the guy who helped me
with that 700-pound beast must have gotten something mixed up.  because
of his age (70's) and fraility i don't want to ask him to crawl around
under there (&c).  the two boxes that are working are impossible for me
to pull out and look at.  hopefully there are a couple freebsd types
who rely on kvm wires to do serious work and can give me some clues.


/usr/ports/sysutils/synergy

--
Adam Vande More


this looks very interesting, thank you.  the catch is that it
depends on X.  i don't have X installed on the server. .



ssh?





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Re: Mail and DNS setup

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/20/2010 2:42 AM, Joshua Isom wrote:

On 8/19/2010 8:06 PM, RW wrote:

On Thu, 19 Aug 2010 17:44:46 -0500
Depo Catcher  wrote:



getmail + qmail + procmail replacement + courier-imap = win?


Why use an mta at all? getmail was specifically designed to avoid that.

You can just do something like:

getmail ->  procmail ->  whatever

getmail ->  dovecot-deliver+sieve plugin



I use getmail, dovecot, and postfix.  I have getmail and postfix 
forwarding to dovecot with sieve, and a root .forward file for 
receiving server logs and filtering to a directory of their own.  I 
haven't integrated dspam and the dovecot-antispam plugin in yet but 
will. Postfix doesn't handle anything other than local mail, and even 
then only logs.


The main trouble I had was getting the local storage layout the way 
*I* wanted instead of defaults, `mail_location = 
maildir:/var/mail/%u:LAYOUT=fs:INBOX=/var/mail/%u`.  I was also able 
to import and filter all of my Mail.app 1.3 mail via a simple perl 
script I wrote using /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/deliver.  With the 
getmail/refilter trick, fixing sieve problems can be easy and has it 
almost all server side.




hrm, thanks.  Dovecot looks pretty nice.  I like Courier, but might have 
to give this a spin on a test box.

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Re: Mail and DNS setup

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/19/2010 8:06 PM, RW wrote:

On Thu, 19 Aug 2010 17:44:46 -0500
Depo Catcher  wrote:



getmail + qmail + procmail replacement + courier-imap = win?

Why use an mta at all? getmail was specifically designed to avoid that.

You can just do something like:

getmail ->  procmail ->  whatever

getmail ->  dovecot-deliver+sieve plugin



Yea, I think your right.
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Mail and DNS setup

[Depo Catcher]

I have a local box that downloads all my mail (~8 accounts) via fetchmail.
It's processed by sendmail/procmail and sorted into Maildir folder.
From there I retrieved via courier-imap (ssl) in Thunderbird.

This has worked well, but since it's been running there have been quite 
a few security advisories in fetchmail, sendmail and procmail.
I'm not fond of any of their configs or syntax either, so won't mind 
trying some alternatives on my new server.


What other setup would work for my needs?  I really like courier-imap, 
so would like to stay with that or another imap ssl server.

For fetchmail, getmail looks like a good alternative.

What would be a good procmail replacement?  I've searched around, but 
couldn't find anything that provides the same functionality.

I have a lot of email so like to sort it into specific folders.

For sendmail, qmail looks like a good contender.  Any others that I 
might consider?  Generally it seems like a qmail is pretty solid?


getmail + qmail + procmail replacement + courier-imap = win?

Also anything special I need to do to uninstall or get rid of sendmail 
on my system?


While we're at it, any alternatives to bind?  We have a slow internet so 
like to cache things locally.

Other than local lookup and caching, nothing else is needed.


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Re: well, i guess it's time to ask.....

[Depo Catcher]

There are Atom-based systems available with Nvidia graphics.  Gary might
want to consider one of those, although it probably won't be as dirt
cheap or as low-wattage as a Pineview system.  (I have no experience
with them myself.)


jeez, and to think i was a =hardware= major.  hm.  is there a
website than can explain the pros/cons?

a friend is helping me move from 5 tower cases to two.  money is
always a concern, but saving watts is more important.

gary



Money wise for Motherboard, memory and CPU the Atom or 775 (Core 2 Duo) 
will probably be cheapest.
Then i3 and most expensive is i5.  AMD also have options that would 
probably be cheaper, but I'm not familiar with their product line.
I would set your budget of $X and then compare the best system in each 
class you can get for that price.


Power wise; if it's idle, the Atom and i3/i5 should be about the same.  
With 775 (core 2 duo) probably drawing the most.  In fact, in some cases 
the i3/i5 might draw less power at idle:

http://www.servethehome.com/intel-core-i5-650-v-atom-n330-nvida-ion-review/

The other thing to concern is when it's under load, the Atom will be the 
clear winner here.  The i3/i5/c2d can and will draw a good amount under 
load.  Atom doesn't go up much under heavy load, the other systems can 
skyrocket in power usage when hit hard.


The other thing you have to concern is how many devices you'll have 
hooked up to this.  If you need an external video card it's going to be 
drawing more power... as with external NICs, sata, sound, etc
In general I would suggest picking up a board that has most of what you 
need and nothing of what you don't.  For example, I don't use sound on 
my home server, so I always buy a board without integrated sound.
Also the Atom, i3 and i5 all have integrated video in their CPUs.  That 
might save some power if you find one that supports that (and not an 
embedded integrated video)


Performance wise, i3/i5 is winner then 775 and last atom.

This thread has some links to some reviews: 
http://hardforum.com/showthread.php?t=1538918









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Re: BSD equivalent of Linux's free(1)?

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/18/2010 1:06 PM, Aleksandr Miroslav wrote:

on wed, aug 18, 2010 at 1:04 pm, chris maness  wrote:

Would not the info displayed in the command "top" suffice?

Yes, "top -n 1" does (sort of) display the info I need.

The swap portion gives me the same info as Linux free, the memory
portion is more cryptic, I guess due to differences in how FreeBSD
allocates memory.

Although a BSD free would probably be easier to remember, top -n 1 does the job.




You could create a shell alias for it.
In bash: a
alias free='top -n 1'
put that in your profile so you have it on login.

Also there is a port:
   /usr/ports/sysutils/freecolor

Works just like the free linux command; but has fancy colors. :)
Again, you can alias that to free if you want.



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Re: well, i guess it's time to ask.....

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/18/2010 8:10 PM, Gary Kline wrote:

've hesitated.   on my 3.0gh thinkpad, streams fly
flawlessly.  So if i buy one of the notebooks with a


Stream what kind of movies?  Some video players (like VLC) have hardware 
acceleration that will help a lot if your video card/driver supports it.
Things like Flash based movies might be kind of iffy though since they 
can't take advantage of the video hardware [?].  Once you start moving 
up to high def video you might have some problems, but know a lot of 
Home Theater guys that use Atoms for media centers:

http://hardforum.com/forumdisplay.php?f=103

My gfs Atom 330 plays videos in VLC fine and flash fine, but full screen 
flash drops frames.  This is under WinXP.
The new D510 CPU are faster in benchmarks; it has dual cores with 
hyperthreading.  If you wait a few months, the new D525 CPUs should be 
out in consumer computers - these are 1.8Ghz (instead of 1.6Ghz) and 
support DDR3 (instead of DDR2).  That might help a bit.  Both are 
limited to 4 gigs.


So, I would bet that 90% of the time it'll be enough if you have a good 
video card with good drivers.  I'm not an expert on them though, I think 
they are neat though.


Another options would be to go with an i3/i5 or get a used 775 (core 2) 
system.  My Core2Duo  2.2Ghz runs more than fast enough and can probably 
get them for cheap if you buy them used.

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Re: Hibernation

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/18/2010 5:26 AM, Bruce Cran wrote:

On Wed, 18 Aug 2010 03:55:12 -0500
Depo Catcher  wrote:

   

I can't find any good docs or guides to this.  I checked the
handbook, but had a bunch of references to 5.x.
Can anyone point me to the right direction?

I'd like to go with FreeBSD 8.1 amd64 for my next system.
Hibernation and Wake on Lan would both be useful.
 

The only support for hibernation is via the BIOS with a special
partition. Unfortunately as far as I know it rarely, if ever, works.
Windows (I don't know about Linux) bypasses the BIOS/ACPI and just
dumps the contents of memory to disk before powering off.
   



My current system (6.4, really old hardware) shows this:

   sysctl -a | grep -i hw.acpi
   hw.acpi.supported_sleep_state: S1 S4 S5
   hw.acpi.power_button_state: S5
   hw.acpi.sleep_button_state: S1
   hw.acpi.lid_switch_state: NONE
   hw.acpi.standby_state: S1
   hw.acpi.suspend_state: S3
   hw.acpi.sleep_delay: 1
   hw.acpi.s4bios: 0
   hw.acpi.verbose: 0
   hw.acpi.disable_on_reboot: 0
   hw.acpi.handle_reboot: 0
   hw.acpi.reset_video: 0
   hw.acpi.cpu.cx_lowest: C1

ampd is the command I'm looking for ?

Also what is the differences between Sleep, Stand By, Hibernation and 
Suspend?








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Hibernation

[Depo Catcher]

I can't find any good docs or guides to this.  I checked the handbook, 
but had a bunch of references to 5.x.

Can anyone point me to the right direction?

I'd like to go with FreeBSD 8.1 amd64 for my next system.  Hibernation 
and Wake on Lan would both be useful.

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ZFS Question

[Depo Catcher]

Hi, I'm building a new file server.  Right now I'm on FreeBSD 6.4/UFS2 
and going to go to 8.1 with ZFS.


Right now I have 3 disks, but one of them has data on it.  I'd like to 
setup a RaidZ but have a question on how to do this:
Basically, I need to setup a mirror with the two empty drives, copy the 
data over and then add the third.  Is that even possible?





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Re: amd64

[Depo Catcher]

On 8/9/2010 4:14 PM, Robert Huff wrote:

Polytropon writes:

   

  >I've installed FreeBSD-amd64. It runs very well. The packages I fetch
  >  are amd64 too, but what about the ports I compile myself? Are those
  >  amd64 too?

  Yes, as your compiler infrastructure and target platform
  is amd64, and so is the resulting binary code.
 


How does it know your are on amd64?  gcc auto detect of CPU?
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Backing up video DVDs?

[Depo Catcher]

I have 100+ physical DVDs that I would copy to disk (for fast easy 
access and backup purposes).  Is there any software in ports that will 
make a good copy of the dvd?

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Re: Anti virus, anti spam step guide.

[Depo Catcher]

Anti-virus, the only free one I know about is calm av.  Should work on 
FreeBSD: http://www.clamav.net/lang/en/ and /usr/ports/security/clamav


spamd is a black/white list spam filter.  I also heard SpamAssassin is 
good, but can't find it in ports.


For mail I like Courier-imap.  It's imap, has ssl and has lots of ways 
to auth (I just auth with pamd which is a normal system account).

qmail is also popular, though I don't have much experience with it.
sendmail/pop3 also works.

squirrel mail is a popular webmail program: /usr/ports/mail/squirrelmail
Also, I've never used it; but webmin might be good if you want them to 
maintain use accounts themselves: /usr/ports/sysutils/webmin


On 8/4/2010 9:19 AM, Jorge Biquez wrote:

Hello all.

I am looking documentation for implementing, the easiest way anti 
virus and anti spam configuration for non tech users and out of the 
box after installing FreeBSD (actually using 7.3 Release).
I have been working with it for some years but I am not an expert at 
all. I need to help some non-profit organizations that received some 2 
year old computers as donation and they will use it for email 
services. They have not tech people, so the idea is that I can help 
them to implement that solution the easiest way so maybe one of the 
teacher there can try to replicate the solution.


UNtil now I always have used Sendmail as it is installed, no filters 
besided the spamcop ones but that was enough for my personal use.
I know some of you will tell that change to postfix or another MTA and 
that instead using POP3 that I have to use another tool (courier, 
fetchail, imap (any) etc etc). I ca do it for sur and I do not want to 
star a war , again, under what MTA is the best. I just would like to 
have the best and easiest solution for them. Once installed they only 
will be creating new accounts, changing paswords, deleting accounts. 
Nothing else. Ah, another thing if possible is to implement a webmail 
but that will be an extra gem if possible.


Any resources? Any suggestions based in experience? (I have one 
machine of them that I will use for testing the solution).


Thanks in advance

Jorge Biquez

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Good Terminal for X?

[Depo Catcher]

I use Icewm, so don't want to install all that kde/gnome 
libs/dependencies and such to get konsole or gnome-console (but both are 
nice)


xterm does display some things correctly (like sysinstall type command 
line GUIs).


eterm is nice, but again, requires a ton of libs and looks funny on low 
color displays (ie. remotely to save bandwidth).


I have putty, which works very nice.
I guess I could set it up to ssh locally; but don't see any good reason 
it should be going though ssh just to get a terminal (it's a slow 
workstation).


Any other suggestions?
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Re: lightweight Chat client/server?

[Depo Catcher]

Thanks.  I guess I should started with that first.  It's a nice program, 
so if I can reduce it's load a bit that would be great.


I tried setting Xmx to 16M and removed the '-server' from the 
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/openfire script

openfire_javargs="-Xmx16M"

ps shows that it took the setting:
 /usr/local/diablo-jdk1.5.0/bin/java -jar -Xmx16M 
-Dopenfire.lib.dir=/usr/local/share/java/classes 
-DopenfireHome=/usr/local/shar


From top:
40724 openfire 13  200   214M 70336K kserel 0   0:24  0.89% 
java

Top still shows it 214M Size with ~70M Res

That's better, but still seems a bit much.  Not sure why it's still 
allocating that, I guess it might be native libs or something?


We all spammed a bunch of text to each other (a ton more than normal 
usage) and still it works fine.  Any way to get it down more?



On 8/3/2010 5:15 PM, Charles Richards wrote:

You can tune the openfire JVM configuration to run in 256MB of RAM, possibly less 
with only<  6 users.
You also do not need to use an external DB for it - it can run with it's own 
embedded DB.

It's probably the easiest to install / configure Jabber client I've come 
across, but there's a good list noted here: 
http://xmpp.org/software/servers.shtml




Charles Richards
www.charlesrichards.net
richar...@gmail.com




On Aug 3, 2010, at 2:18 PM, Bill Moran wrote:

   

In response to Depo Catcher:
 

I have a combination of Spark (windows client) and Open Fire (FreeBSD
server, actually Java) for my lan.
We've used this setup for years, but the OpenFire server takes up ~500 +
MB.

Anyways, we were looking for something a bit smaller.
We just need to send text messages to LAN users (less than 6) and
supports a nice windows client.
We're not suppose to use any external services (yahoo messenger, aol, etc)
   

We've been using Jabber for several years internally.  Works well and
has clients for just about every OS I know of.

Don't know if it could be considered lightweight, though, since it
requires an SQL server on the backend.  If you already have another
SQL server in production, you could just install the DB there, as its
DB usage is pretty light.

--
Bill Moran
http://www.potentialtech.com
http://people.collaborativefusion.com/~wmoran/
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lightweight Chat client/server?

[Depo Catcher]

I have a combination of Spark (windows client) and Open Fire (FreeBSD 
server, actually Java) for my lan.
We've used this setup for years, but the OpenFire server takes up ~500 + 
MB.


Anyways, we were looking for something a bit smaller.
We just need to send text messages to LAN users (less than 6) and 
supports a nice windows client.

We're not suppose to use any external services (yahoo messenger, aol, etc)
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Disk very slow in FreeBSD

[Depo Catcher]

I've tried everything here:
http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=15747
and here: http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=15722
Also followed this: 
http://forums.freebsd.org/showpost.p...8&postcount=38 



I have a 2TB WD drives that I would like to use as one big data partition.
I'm using UFS2. No raid, nothing fancy. I'm on FreeBSD 6.4 Release.

Under windows I can easily read/write about at ~75MB/s without doing 
nothing but formatting it.
My friend has the same drives in Linux, he says he can get ~50MB/s on 
his very low end system (crap cpu and only 256mb of ram).


Under FreeBSD, my write is at best ~6MB/s and read is about ~9MB/s. The 
CPU, amount of ram, etc are all better than both the above boxes so 
don't think it's bound by anything externally like that. From what I 
read, the partitions aren't aligned correctly?


What's going on here? For start to finish, how should I partition and 
format these so they don't suck?




diskinfo:
Code:

[r...@fire2 ~/drive]# diskinfo -v /dev/da3
/dev/da3
512 # sectorsize
2000396746752   # mediasize in bytes (1.8T)
3907024896  # mediasize in sectors
243201  # Cylinders according to firmware.
255 # Heads according to firmware.
63  # Sectors according to firmware.

dataconfig.cfg:
Code:

#http://forums.freebsd.org/showpost.php?p=76148&postcount=38
8 partitions:
# size  offset fstype [fsize bsizebps/cpg]
a:  3906961408   1 4.2BSD   4096 32768

bsdlabel/newfs:
Code:

bsdlabel -R  /dev/da3 datadrive.cfg
newfs -S 4096 -b 32768 -f 4096 -O 2 -U -m 8 -o space -L u2 /dev/da3

fstab:
Code:

/dev/da3/u3 ufs rw  2   2


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